THIS THESE THAT THOSE How to USE and PRONOUNCE in British English

hello everyone and welcome back to

english with lucy what a long time so

much has happened since I’ve been away I

basically went on a trip and then I got

really really ill and I just had to

recover I could hardly speak if you

follow me on Instagram you will know

about that but I’m back today with a

really highly requested grammar video

we’re going to be talking about the

difference between this these that and

those it’s a seriously important lesson

I hear people confuse these words all

the time and on almost every single

Instagram post somebody asks me to make

at least a video about these and this so

hopefully that’s going to be really

really useful for you before we get

started I’d just like to thank the

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the lesson this that these and those are

demonstrative

we use this that these in those I have

to get good at saying that to point to

people or things this and that are

singular and these and those are plural

this singular and these plural refer to

things that are close to the speaker

much like the word here here this these

on the other hand that and those refer

to things that are further away from the

speaker

much like the word there that those

there so this and these are here that

and those are there this these here that

those there learn that and remember in

your head because at some point you

might need to remember which one is

which before we talk about the ins and

outs the fine details of this that these

and those let’s talk about the

pronunciation of the words and how they

differ from each other because I know so

many students struggle with the

pronunciation especially of this and

these that and those completely

different vowel sound ah that oh those

those shouldn’t be too difficult note

that sometimes people might put a

glottal stop at the end of that now that

is amazing

see that’s naturally how I would say

that is amazing

those make sure you’re ending with a

sound don’t end it with a sound so it’s

not those which is absolutely quite hard

to say it’s those those now this and

these well firstly the vowel sound is

very similar but it is different with

this we have an if it’s a short vowel

sound these we have II it’s a long vowel

sound the mouth shape is the same a II

II we just elongate the vowel sound for

these and then the most important thing

in

my opinion is the phoneme at the end of

the word this these so this has a sound

and these has a sound like with those I

hear a lot of students say lease lease

and I don’t know if they’re trying to

say this or these so make sure this

short F sound ending in an S is this

these long e sound ending in a Zed these

lease is like a combination of the two

it’s not the end of the world but you

might miss communicate a little you

might be referring to multiple things

you’re trying to say these which is a

plural but people will think you’re

trying to say one thing this because

it’s singular so just bear that in mind

and practice a little at home so we use

this that these and those as determiners

for example what’s this book about that

door’s unlocked I really like those

socks we also use them as pronouns this

is lovely

that is a great achievement you can take

these home but what are the rules we use

this and that with singular and

uncountable nouns singular and

uncountable nouns this bread is stale

stale means not fresh and an uncountable

example please pass me that coffee we

use those and these with plural nouns

these shoes are yours those houses are

for sale note we tend to use this with

words describing time and dates for

example this morning I went on a run or

I’m going to Paris this week

we can use that with words describing

time and date but it’s normally about

something that was a long time ago that

you’re remembering or something in the

future that might or might not happen

for example oh yes the summer of 2012

that summer was a great summer it

happened a long time ago or I wonder if

I’ll ever get married that day would be

great just a subtle hint there right

let’s look at pronouns we normally use

this that these and those as pronouns to

refer to things or ideas for example

we’re going for a Sunday roast first and

then for a walk around the village are

you happy with that it means are you

happy with the idea of going for a roast

first and then a walk the whole thing is

an idea at the moment are you happy with

that idea it sounds like a great idea to

me that is my dream Sunday or talking

about music can you turn that down

please

I hate heavy metal or things if I’m

talking about someone’s earrings those

are beautiful those earrings are

beautiful we can also use this that

those and these to refer to people when

we want to identify ourselves or others

or we want to ask the identity of other

people for example this is my brother

George or that’s my mother over there oh

hello is that John this is Lucy speaking

is that John because he’s far away and

this is Lucy because I am right here I’m

close to myself in fact I’m inside

myself where anyway yes so as I said at

the beginning we use this Andes to refer

to things that are here and that and

those to refer to things that are over

there can I use this pen I’ll print this

tomorrow I got these done last week in

San Francisco it’s true it’s amazing

color isn’t it beckoning begonia by

shellac back to english lessons that and

those what’s that over there

pictures we took yesterday we’re amazing

ah Seville that’s my favorite place

however let’s talk now about emotional

distance sometimes there’s not a real

physical distance there’s an emotional

distance this is pretty advanced so if

you can conquer this you can conquer

anything remember this isn’t a 100%

strict rule it it mostly depends on tone

of voice but just so that you understand

it in general we generally use this and

these to refer to things that we feel

positive about to refer to things that

we feel positive about that we are

pleased to be associated with or we

approve of for example I love these new

hats that everyone seems to be wearing I

like the hats I approve of the hats I

use these on a simple woman we use that

and those to create a bit of distance

things that we might disapprove of

things that we don’t like things that we

don’t want to be associated with have

you seen those awful shoes Oh

what did that friend of yours say I

totally like the friend so I’m saying

that friend

now let’s discuss shared knowledge and

new information we sometimes use that

instead of the to refer the listener to

shared knowledge things that we both

know often when we’re explaining

something or we’re telling a story so

this is pretty informal for example you

know that house down the road it’s

getting demolished on Sunday we both

know about the house it’s shared

knowledge so I’m referring to it as that

house down the road I don’t need to

specify which one because my friend will

know what I’m talking about we sometimes

use this instead of a or an to refer to

something important or recent or to

introduce a new thing or person into a

story or conversation for example this

random woman came into my garden last

week if I were to say that random woman

it would mean that we already know who

that random woman is it would be shared

knowledge because it’s this random woman

it’s a new person it’s a new element of

the conversation so that is very

informal that’s language that we use

whilst having

with friends what about formal writing

because I guess a lot of you are doing

exams this will be important for you so

we use that and those informal writing

as substitutes for the one or the ones

for example the best example is that

given in the first paragraph

the best example is the one the example

given in the first paragraph or the most

successful experiments were those

performed in dark conditions the most

successful experiments were the ones the

experiments performed in dark conditions

it does make you sound ever so posh

please note though that we don’t

normally use that to refer to people or

animals it doesn’t sound right have you

seen my cat the one with the orange fur

I wouldn’t say that with the orange fur

we can however use those as a substitute

for people and animals the students did

well in their exams those that got A’s

were presented with a certificate those

referring to the students that was a lot

of information I hope that this that

these and those is a bit clearer to you

if you have to take one thing away from

this lesson I would say it’s the

pronunciation just remember that this

doesn’t exist it’s this or please just

sorting out that last phoneme or it

really will make your speaking a lot

clearer it does take a bit of practice I

do understand that perfectly well

Hispanic speakers I know it’s tough for

you because you don’t have that short

sound in your language so your homework

for today is to write four sentences in

the comment section one with this one

with that one with those one with these

and I encourage you all to look through

everyone’s comments and see if you can

help out with any Corrections I always

try and look at the comment sections

especially when I’ve just uploaded the

video so make sure you’ve clicked the

notification bell because for like an

hour after uploading I will be on my

computer making sure everyone’s happy

making

sure that everyone likes the video

giving you the love hearts giving you

the comments that’s it for today’s

lesson I hope you liked it I hope you

enjoyed it if you have any

recommendations for future lessons

please comment down below I love hearing

your recommendations don’t forget to

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for another lesson

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