THE CONDITIONALS 012 3 Conditionals QUIZ English Grammar Lesson

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hello everyone

and welcome back to english with lucy

today

very exciting i have a grammar lesson

for you

we are going to discuss the four

conditionals this is a very very

important lesson

i know that this is a topic that lots of

my students

struggle with there’s so much to

remember but hopefully i can clarify

lots of your doubts today to help you

even further i have created a pdf which

covers

everything we’re going to talk about and

it

also has a quiz so you can practice

what you’ve learned and you can check

your understanding

if you would like to download that free

pdf and quiz

all you’ve got to do is click on the

link in the description box

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don’t be afraid to share your results in

the comments section

right let’s get started with the grammar

lesson

so we’re going to talk about the four

conditionals we have the zero

conditional

the first conditional the second

conditional and can you guess what the

last conditional

is congratulations it’s the third

conditional

each conditional sentence has an if

clause

and a main clause with all conditional

sentences

the order of these clauses is not fixed

so you can swap them around if i

practice

i will get better i will get better if i

practice

it doesn’t matter which way but when you

change the order of the clauses

the meaning is the same now we’ve got

that introduction out of the way

let’s start with the zero conditional

a zero conditional sentence consists of

two

present simple verbs one is in the if

clause

and one is in the main clause both parts

of the sentence

are in the present tense nice and easy

if

this thing happens that thing happens

or that thing happens if this thing

happens

we use the zero conditional to talk

about general truths

when in general there is a guaranteed

result

like scientific facts if you

heat water it evaporates that’s a

scientific fact we’re not talking about

specific conditions on that day or

anything in general

if you heat water it evaporates

interestingly you can usually replace if

with when or whenever without the

meaning changing

when i am happy i smile i smile when i’m

happy

remember that when we use the word you

in zero conditionals

we are often talking about people in

general not you in particular

if you melt ice it becomes a liquid

let’s take a look at some examples if

i’m sad

i eat chocolate people die

if they don’t drink enough water

if dogs get angry they growl

if you don’t eat enough you lose weight

if british people get bored they talk

about the weather

that’s a scientific fact we often use

the zero conditional to give

instructions

with the imperative in the main clause

if she rings the doorbell

tell her to go away text me

if you get lost okay

before we move on to the first

conditional i want you to check your

understanding in that pdf to make sure

you’ve grasped everything you’ve

understood everything

right let’s move on to the first

conditional the first conditional

has the present simple after if and then

the future in the main clause

if this thing happens that thing

will happen we use the first conditional

to talk about things that

might happen in the future we can’t know

for sure what will happen in the future

but we can use the first conditional to

talk about things that will probably be

true

with the zero conditional we spoke in

general

but with the first conditional we speak

about the real world

and about specific situations some

examples

if we don’t leave now we will miss the

train

if you study hard you will pass the exam

if i see my boss i’ll ask her

contraction of i will i’ll i’ll ask her

if it gets colder we’ll light a fire

i’ll finish my painting if i have time

now it’s important to consider modals

when it comes to the first conditional

you can use modals in the main clause in

place of

will to express a recommendation

a degree of certainty permission

take a look if we don’t leave now we

might miss the train

if you study hard you could pass the

exam

if i see my boss i shall ask her

if it gets colder we should light a fire

i’ll be able to finish my painting if i

have time

right let’s move on to the second

conditional

the second conditional uses the past

simple

after if then would and the infinitive

that’s the most common

or would and the present continuous and

i’ll explain this later

sometimes this gets left out of lessons

but i think it’s important that you see

it

in case you come across it and think

what’s that

if this thing happened that thing would

happen

or if this thing happened that thing

would be happening we can use the second

conditional to talk about

things in the future that are probably

not going to be true

we often use it to talk about dreams and

fantasies

for example if i won the lottery

i would buy a house in barbados or

if he had more money he would buy a boat

we can also use the second conditional

to talk about things in the present

that are impossible in this case it’s

very common to use

i were instead of i was

if i were you i would stop poking the

cat

i can’t be you it’s impossible but if i

were you

i would stop that it’s a good way of

giving advice or a warning

if he were younger i would ask him out

it’s impossible he can’t be younger so

i’m not going to ask him out

if i was taller i would wear high heels

you can choose between i was and i were

i were sounds a little more formal

i’ve got a little extra bit of homework

for you i want you to answer it

in the comment section down below i want

you to answer

this question if you were an animal

which one would you be

and why if i were an animal i would be a

fruit bat

because i’m completely addicted to fruit

let me know i’m so excited to see

what you come up with you always

surprise me

now let’s talk about that continuous now

for the slightly complicated bit

in second conditional sentences the

continuous form of the present

conditional

can be used if this thing happened

that thing would be happening

if i spoke french i would be living in

paris

i don’t speak french so i i couldn’t be

living in paris right now

if i had an exam tomorrow i would be

revising right now

it’s not so common but it’s important

that you know about it

let’s move on to the last one the third

conditional i can’t believe we’re here

already

we use the third conditional to talk

about the past

it’s used to talk about a situation that

did not happen

and to imagine the results of this

imaginary

situation we use if and past

perfect and then would have and past

participle in the main clause

if this thing had happened that thing

would have happened if i had studied

harder

i would have passed the exam but i

didn’t study hard enough

so i didn’t pass the exam

if we had left earlier we wouldn’t have

arrived late

you wouldn’t be so tired if you had gone

to bed earlier

i hope that’s enough right that is it

for my lesson

on conditionals there is more to

conditionals maybe we’ll cover that

another day but i think that gives you a

really strong foundation

now i want you to test your learning i

have created a quiz for you

it goes through zero first second and

third conditionals

the quiz is on the pdf which has got all

of the information from today’s lesson

just click on the link in the

description box enter your name and

email address

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you would like to improve your

vocabulary and your listening skills

then i should just remind you that i

have my vlogging channel

where i vlog my daily life here on a

farm in the english countryside

and every single vlog is completely

subtitled for your understanding so you

can pick up

lots of words because i show a lot of

daily tasks

things that you can use that are

relevant to you don’t forget to connect

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lucy and i have my website

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where i have a really cool pronunciation

tool where you can click on a phoneme

and hear

me say it and hear me say words that

contain that phoneme

i will see you soon for another lesson

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