Parts of Speech Noun Verbs Adjectives Adverbs etc Basic English Grammar

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hi everybody welcome back to ask Alicia

the weekly series where you ask me

questions and I answer them maybe first

question comes from Ruben hi Reuben

Reuben says which one of these sentences

is correct

are you mad with me or are you mad at me

ah here we use at when we want to

express anger and we want to use the

word mad we use at the preposition at

like don’t be mad at me or are you mad

at me when we use the word angry however

we use with instead we do not use at so

even though these two words express the

same emotion when we use mad we use at

and when we use angry we use with so for

example are you angry with me or don’t

be angry with me so you can see that

there are these small differences the

meaning doesn’t change but just the

words that we use those small in-between

words in this case the preposition at

and we use with with angry so I hope

that this helps you thanks very much for

the question let’s move on to your next

question next question comes from achma

Mirza hai ACMA achma says hi Alicia what

is the difference between but and yet

explain please

well it depends on how the word is being

used in this sentence both but and yet

can have different grammatical functions

so to compare the two let’s look at two

ways that these words are used with the

same grammatical function so let’s first

look at using these words as a

conjunction remember a conjunction is a

word that’s used to connect ideas so

we’re putting phrases together with

conjunctions when we’re using but and

yet in this way you can use them

interchangeably that means they have the

same meaning so as a conjunction they

function the same I would say that yet

tends to sound a little bit more formal

than but but they do have the same

meaning they mean however so you can use

them as you like if you find that you’re

using

the word but too much in your writing

you can swap it out for it yet so some

examples you said you were going home

but you’re still here working I tried to

get a loan but the bank rejected my

application our team was defeated in the

semi-finals

yet everyone kept a positive attitude so

as conjunctions they have the same

function let’s move along though to

talking about these words used as

adverbs so when we use yet as an adverb

it means like up to now or up until the

present point in time so we use this a

lot in questions like have you finished

your homework yet or have you seen that

movie yet when we’re making statements

we can use it as well we have not yet

reviewed the emails from our customers I

have yet to receive a phone call today

when we’re using but as an adverb it

means only so this is a key difference

when we’re using yet and when we’re

using but as adverbs they have very

different meanings and we cannot use

them interchangeably so some examples of

but used as an adverb this is but the

first step in our exciting new project

this cut don’t worry it’s but a scratch

so this use a but is actually a little

bit formal and can sound a little bit

old-fashioned it’s not used so much in

everyday speech we might instead say

something like it’s just a scratch or

it’s nothing big we might use something

else slightly different in place of but

here but please keep this in mind when

you’re choosing between but and yet

so in summary but and yet can be used in

the same way if you’re using the words

as conjunctions if you’re using them as

adverbs keep in mind that they are very

different so this is a quick

introduction to two of the uses of these

words for more information and for more

example sentences you can take a look at

a dictionary this will give you some of

the more detailed uses especially of the

word but so check that out thanks very

much for the question I hope that this

helps you ok let’s move along to your

next question next question this week

comes from Sanju hi Sanju Sanju says hi

Alicia I have a question about similar

or words which start the same for

example simultaneous simultaneously

simulation how do I understand these

kinds of words and how do I use them

nice question so I think that may be the

best way to answer this question is to

give some guidelines for how you can

recognize the different parts of speech

by that I mean like how do you know is

this a noun is it an adverb is it an

adjective is this a verb how do you

identify that also another thing to keep

in mind and the words you’ve chosen are

great examples is that even though words

sometimes begin with the same set of

letters they don’t have the same meaning

so let’s take the words that you’ve

provided and expand on them a little bit

and then let’s look at how we can

identify the different parts of speech

as a noun

simulation as an adjective simultaneous

as an adverb simultaneously and as a

verb simulate so you can already hear

the pronunciations are different

especially with simulation and simulate

and simultaneous and simultaneously okay

so with that in mind let’s first look at

how we can identify different parts of

speech based on a couple of hints first

there are a couple of spelling hints

that you can think about please keep in

mind this is not a rule this is just a

hint that you can use when you see a

word that ends in ly in this case we

have the word simultaneously it might be

a hint that that word is an adverb there

are many adverbs that end in ly so like

happily thoughtfully unfortunately

hopefully in this case simultaneously

ends in ly please keep in mind though

that not all words that end in ly are

actually adverbs so you need to also

think about the position of the word in

the sentence we can also think of words

that end in things like EE D or tion

similarly so words ending in Edie might

be regular past tense verbs words that

end in tion for example might be nouns

so once you recognize a few common

spelling

patterns that are associated with

certain parts of speech you can start to

identify clearly which words are adverbs

which are adjectives and so on so again

this is not a perfect rule but it can be

a helpful guide if you’re not sure so

let’s move along to looking at a full

sentence to understand the part of

speech let’s begin by looking at our

noun here simulation in an example

sentence let’s do a simulation okay so

if we saw this sentence and we wanted to

understand the word simulation how could

we do that there are some hints in the

sentence actually first simulation comes

after the indefinite article ah we know

that when we use an indefinite article

we follow the article with a noun so

that’s one hint we also see that the

word simulation is not followed by any

other word so we can guess that it’s

probably not an adjective that’s

modifying another word we also notice

the positioning of a simulation comes

after the verb do so do what so we’re

doing some activity in this case because

we know the verb is due we can guess

that the following word is some kind of

activity and is therefore a noun phrase

so in this case we have several hints

that can guide us to determining is this

a noun is this verb is an adjective so

with all of these hints together we can

see simulation is a noun to go back to

the spelling suggestion of the spelling

guide I mentioned before simulation ends

in that tion that’s a common pattern for

it noun endings or it’s one that many

nouns have so let’s do the same thing

but let’s focus on identifying an

adjective now our example sentence have

you ever done simultaneous

interpretation okay so here if we don’t

know the word simultaneous and we want

to identify the part of speech how do we

do that

here we see simultaneous comes before

another word interpretation so

interpretation is a noun we see that

tion ending there so that’s a great hint

that maybe this is a noun so it’s

simultaneous could be an adjective this

is one hint that we can use we also see

that this

Russian simultaneous interpretation

comes after done have you ever done from

grammar practice we know have you ever

done is followed by some activity we

need some activity to follow that phrase

have you ever done this thing before so

that’s another pretty good indicator

that there’s some noun phrase there but

we know that interpretation is the noun

so maybe simultaneous is modifying that

noun so these are a couple of hints we

can use to determine is this an

adjective is this a noun in this case

it’s an adjective so it’s modifying

interpretation simultaneous

interpretation it’s giving us extra

information about the noun word their

interpretation so this is how we might

identify an adjective let’s move on then

to the word simultaneously how might we

identify an adverb in a sentence adverbs

can be a little bit tricky depending on

the adverb because sometimes we can

place adverbs are like the beginning or

the middle or the end of a sentence

let’s look at an example sentence with

simultaneously many people in the crowd

were laughing and crying simultaneously

okay so in this example sentence we

already see our spelling hints that we

can use there’s the ly ending for this

word we also see that the word comes at

the very end of the sentence this is a

position that adverbs can be placed in

also we see simultaneously comes after

these two actions laughing and crying so

there are actions happening in the

situation and we have this other word at

the end of the sentence that’s giving

more information about it so that tells

us that this is probably an adverb it’s

giving us more information about the

actions happening in the situation so

these are a few hints that we can use to

identify an adverb finally let’s take a

look at identifying a verb we simulated

weather patterns for next week here our

focus word is simulated simulated so

going back to our spelling guide we know

that some words that end in Edie are

simple past tense regular verbs so this

is a pretty good example of one such

case so simulate in press

tense becomes simulated in past tense we

also see the position of this word in

relation to the other words in the

sentence the subject we is followed by

this word simulated and then there’s

this noun phrase weather patterns so

something is happening here weather

patterns is a noun and we have a subject

and then there’s this place that’s just

right for a verb for some action here so

we can guess from these few hints that

simulated is probably a verb from this

situation so again this is just kind of

a rough guide and as you get more

practice and you can identify more

spelling patterns and the ways that

words are commonly positioned this will

become easier but the other point the

other big point that I want to make in

my answer to this question is something

that I mentioned at the beginning of my

answer which is that even though these

words share the same first four letters

they don’t have the same meanings so

simultaneous and simultaneously prefer

two things happening at the same time

simulation and simulate refer to making

a model of something and like creating a

model of a thing happening so even

though these words do share spellings at

least at the beginning of the word they

do not share meanings that is something

that will come with study and with

practice so I hope that this helps you

and I hope that this helps you be able

to identify words in a sentence too

thanks very much for sending this

question okay let’s move on to your next

question next question comes from

Ricardo Guyardo hi Ricardo Ricardo says

what is the difference between sense and

feel it depends a little bit on how they

are used for this answer let’s focus on

using these words as verbs so when we

use the verb feel we use it to talk

about our emotions or our physical

condition

I feel sad today are you feeling okay

you look a little sick that massage felt

so good I feel this is enough example

sentences so let’s compare this to the

verb sense we use sense to explain our

opinions or our ideas yes but we do this

with relationship to information we

receive indirectly so when we used feel

we’re talking about our emotions our

physical condition when we use sense

it’s like we’re just making a guess

about something I sensed some tension in

the room she sensed he was angry with

her so in these example sentences in

these example situations rather there’s

not necessarily information being

provided directly like maybe there is

some specific way that a person looks at

someone else or there’s like a certain

choice of vocabulary words in a meeting

and you don’t have direct like clear

information about the situation but

there’s a feeling there when we want to

describe that or make a guess about that

we can use the word sense we would not

use the word feel the verb feel to do

that another great example is like the

famous quote from Spider Man like he

says my spider sense is tingling so a

sense in this case it’s being used as a

noun but the idea remains the same that

like there’s some kind of feeling it’s

an indirect sort of thing but you get a

feeling that something is happening

there’s some kind of sensation somehow

like in your mind or maybe just in the

air that something is happening so we

use sense to describe that we used feel

more for like physical things or for

like emotions for things that are a

little bit more direct and more clear so

I hope that this helps you understand

the difference between sense and feel if

you want to use sense to talk about

things that aren’t clear it’s gonna

sound a little weird like I sense you

are sad today

you sound like I don’t know like a Jedi

or something it sounds kind of weird if

you can clearly see like oh you look sad

today or are you feeling sad today that

sounds much more natural if you use

sense for things that are pretty obvious

it’s going to sound strange so I hope

that this helps you thanks very much for

the question okay let’s move on to your

next question next question comes from

Carol Moreno hi Carol Carol says hi

Alicia I don’t know how to use in order

to

can you help me yes sir people use in

order to to mean for the purpose of but

when you’re using it to make positive

statements it’s actually redundant so

redundant means it’s extra it’s like you

have two things that serve the same

purpose so you don’t actually need to

use in order to because the infinitive

form of a verb to plus the verb has the

meaning of in order to do something for

the purpose of doing something so let’s

look at some examples in order to arrive

on time we need to leave for the airport

now you need to study every day in order

to learn a new language so in both of

these examples sentences we can remove

in order and the meaning remains like we

don’t need to use in order in the

positive you can just include two plus

the verb and you’re fine

in the negative however it can be

important to use in order not to or you

can use an order to not there is some

debate about which is the correct way to

use it but in my mind since there’s no

communication problem and both forms are

used you can choose but when you’re

using this in the negative you should

use in order not to do something because

this can help you avoid some confusion

so let’s see some examples in the

negative we should carefully review our

plans in order not to make any mistakes

he should leave early in order not to be

late for class

these are patterns that you can use if

you like personally I don’t like the way

that in order not to sounds I would use

something like we should leave now so

we’re not late for class or we should

review these so we don’t make any

mistakes I would use a pattern like that

I personally don’t like the way in order

not to or in order to not I don’t like

the way that that sounds so I tend to

avoid that pattern but if you want to

use it you can just remember yes you

need to include in order not to when

you’re making a negative statement but

you can drop in order when you’re making

positive statements it means for the

purpose of something so I hope that this

helps you thanks very much for sending

this question in okay that is everything

that I have for this week thank you as

always for sending you

questions remember you can send them to

me English class 101.com / ask - Alicia

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Studies thanks very much for watching

this week’s episode of ask Alisha and I

will see you again next week bye bye

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