Whats the difference in English between Too Also Even Likewise and As well
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hi everybody welcome back to ask alicia
the weekly series where you ask me
questions and i answer them
maybe okay let’s get to your first
question this week
first question this week comes from
hamza hi hamza
hamza says what’s the difference between
collaborate
and cooperate and how do we use these
words in sentences
okay well it depends a little bit on the
situation
let’s talk about cooperate first
so to cooperate means to do
something in accordance with rules like
to
follow rules to do something that’s like
in line with society’s expectations this
is one use of cooperate
for example you might have seen a sign
in english that says
no smoking here thank you for your
cooperation
so that’s an example of cooperate used
as a noun as cooperation
but it means thank you for following the
rules thank you for your
cooperation so it’s like you’re
following some kind of societal
guideline so cooperate can have this
meaning
we also see cooperate used to mean
working together
especially when it’s like two people or
two groups that might not usually work
together
for example the two countries cooperated
to reduce
pollution in the ocean in that example
sentence
it sounds like the two countries might
not otherwise work together
we use cooperate to express that both
parties both groups
get some kind of benefit from the
situation
so cooperate has these two primary
meanings of following rules
and of working together with somebody
for mutual benefit
usually somebody that you wouldn’t work
with so let’s compare this then to
collaborate collaborate and the second
meaning of
cooperate share the meaning of working
together with someone yes
but when we use the word collaborate
it’s like you’re working together
closely with someone to make something
very intellectual like creative or
artistic
so this can be like music it could be a
research paper it could be a movie
it’s like two people or two groups
combine their specialties to make
something special to make something
unique so for example
my two favorite musicians collaborated
and made an amazing album
let’s all collaborate to make the event
a success
or researchers from the engineering
department
and the computer science department
collaborated on this research paper
so those are situations in which
collaborate is much more natural to use
than cooperate
it also sounds when we use collaborate
like it’s kind of natural for those
people to work together
if you use cooperate it kind of sounds
like it’s not so natural or they might
not do those things
there’s one other meaning of collaborate
which is like to
help the enemy or to work for the enemy
so like if you imagine a spy from one
country
goes to another country and starts
working for the other country
we can use collaborate to describe that
relationship
as in the spy started collaborating with
our enemies
or we suspect that one of our employees
may be
collaborating with a competitor so that
means working together with someone
and it’s usually used in a negative
situation
so it’s used to mean like someone is
working for someone else
to like reduce our credibility or to
hurt us somehow and give someone else an
advantage
so there is also this meaning of
collaborate but generally you’ll hear it
used to mean
the first meaning that i described so i
hope that this helps you
thanks for the question okay let’s move
on to your next question
next question comes from andrea olivier
hi andrea
andrea says hi alicia i love your videos
very much cool
could you help me with the differences
between warranty
and guarantee yeah sure nice question
as nouns warranty and guarantee these
two mean the same thing
they both refer to a promise it’s some
kind of promise about like a product
or a service so when you buy a product
like a new
piece of equipment or you buy some kind
of
like machine for example you might see
it says like two year warranty
or lifetime guarantee so that refers to
the length of
time that the person who made the
product
promises it will be good so if it breaks
you can get a refund or you can exchange
it for free or something like that
so in this sense warranty and guarantee
have the same meaning this kind of
product promise however guarantee
can be used as a verb and in some of
these verb uses
it has a little bit of a different
meaning than just simply promise
so one of these is like to say something
with confidence one of the meanings of
guarantee
is like to say something or to share an
opinion with confidence
for example i guarantee you’ll love this
restaurant
so that’s like someone saying i know 100
i am very confident that you will enjoy
this restaurant
we can’t use warranty to describe that
we can’t use that
in any way to describe that kind of
confident opinion sharing
so guaranty has this meaning we also
have another meaning of guarantee which
is to secure
against so for example the insurance
company
secured the house against storm damage
another way to say that is the insurance
company promised the house would be
safe from storm damage so to secure
against is a special meaning of
guarantee and again we cannot use
warranty to have this meaning at all
so a good way to know which meaning of
guarantee is being used is to look at
the word that follows the verb
so guaranteed the house against storm
damage if you look after the word
guarantee
and you see against is somewhere after
it it’s a pretty good chance that it’s
this
secure against meaning if however it’s
just someone kind of sharing an opinion
it’s probably that asserting something
with confidence saying something with
confidence meaning
and yes we can also use guarantee as a
verb to mean
making a promise so i hope that this
helps you understand
warranty and guarantee and the different
ways that we can use the word
guarantee as a verb thanks for the
question okay let’s move on to our next
question next question comes from bianca
hi bianca
bianca says hi alicia i think the words
to
also likewise even and as
well have similar meanings what are
their differences and in which
situations do i use them
yep common question okay so let’s review
two
also and as well have the same functions
so we use them in just different parts
of the sentence
so two tends to fall at the end of a
sentence like
i want to go to the movies too or she
bought a coffee
too as well typically falls at the end
of a sentence
but it sounds a little bit more formal
than two
in everyday speech we tend to use two
more often
you may see two used before a verb
like i too want to go to the movies or
she too
bought a coffee this use however sounds
a little bit old-fashioned and we tend
not to use it
seriously if you hear this it’s probably
being used for
humor so keep in mind again in some here
to and as well can go at the end of the
sentence that’s typically where they go
also on the other hand typically comes
before a verb like i also
want to go to the movies or she also
bought a coffee so
we typically find it before the verb you
may see
also at the beginning of a sentence this
happens when the speaker wants to add
some information and they kind of just
forgot it in the first sentence
so you might see it at the beginning of
a sentence as well
likewise to move on to the next item in
your list
tends to be used by itself it’s like a
response to something someone else said
it’s like saying me too
and it’s kind of friendly but a little
bit polite so for example if speaker a
says i had a great time chatting with
you
b might say likewise it was fun so it’s
like saying me too but it’s a little
more friendly and polite
and usually we just use it alone finally
even so even is probably the most
different of all of these words that you
introduced
before we talk about even let’s take a
look at an example situation
i’m so excited for my friends to come
over to my house this weekend
i deep cleaned my house i bought a bunch
of snacks and drinks and i picked out
some movies to watch
i even bought some games to play so
you’ll notice that even
comes before the last item in this
situation
i even bought some games to play so we
use even
in place of like and when we want to
emphasize that we’re doing something
with all of our effort or that we’re
kind of really focused on something
so the speaker expresses this excitement
and the speaker did
thing a and b and c to prepare for her
friends to come over
and then there’s this other thing that’s
even more like intense so she’s
she’s kind of expressing excitement by
using even here
instead of just and so we tend to use
even to express
emphasis this sounds like a lot more
like excited than just saying and i
bought some games to play if you say i
even bought some games to play it’s like
showing your commitment i guess or like
your intensity in this situation
so i hope that this is a good
introduction to the differences between
these words
maybe i can make a whiteboard about this
in the future thanks very much for the
question
okay let’s move on to your next question
next question comes from emma hi emma
emma says hi alicia i’m wondering when
we use the expression
you guys can i use this in a formal
situation
and can i use this with male and female
friends
what about kids when my kids are
fighting is it okay to say
you guys stop fighting thanks yeah
nice question generally when you say you
guys or even hi guys or hey guys is a
greeting
it means everyone or everybody it refers
to
all people whether they’re men or women
so this is also like a very common way
for people on youtube to say hello to
their viewers they maybe start the video
by saying hi guys or hey guys
it’s very common to do but it is
important to note that especially over
the last few years
people are considering carefully the
words that they are choosing
and guys in this expression can for some
people
feel like it’s a little too male-centric
and like women are kind of getting left
out of the expression
so because of this situation
some people are trying to use different
ways to greet people
or using different words instead of you
guys as in the expression that you
introduced
so it’s good to consider this for
example i don’t start videos by saying
hi guys i say hey everybody
or hi everyone that’s what i prefer to
use so
some other words that people have
suggested are words like
you all or y’all or folks or fam
or you can choose words that are
specific to your group like in your case
if you are talking to your kids you
could say kids
stop fighting or like in our case if we
want to talk to the people who watch our
videos
or if i’m making something for like
video or for audio content for the
internet i might
say learners for the people who watch
this channel or i might say viewers or i
might say listeners
so instead of saying you guys you can
kind of pick a more specific word
that’s general for all genders so
yes to answer your question directly you
can use
you guys to refer to your kids or to
refer to your friends
but i think it’s maybe just good to
consider that more and more people are
being conscious
and thinking carefully about the best
words to use so that
all genders can be covered in these
everyday expressions so i hope that this
helps you thanks very much for the
question
okay let’s move on to our next question
next question comes from sergey hi
sergey sergey says hi alicia
you are a great teacher and a jolly girl
i really like it
i heard the phrase go big or go home
could you please explain what it means
yes first as an american english speaker
just a small side point
i strongly associate the word jolly with
santa claus so that’s why your question
made me laugh a little bit
jolly usually is only used to describe
santa claus but
just a funny little note there anyway
regarding your main question
go big or go home go big or go home is
an expression that means
do something with all your effort or
your full intensity
or don’t do it at all it’s like saying
uh
do something if you came all this way to
do it or if you’ve worked this hard to
do it you should do it or you should
just
stay at home so you would hear this
maybe in like extreme sports or other
kinds of like intense activities or
maybe if you go to a restaurant and
there’s some amazing food there and you
have one chance to eat it
your friend might say go big or go home
it’s a very casual
friendly kind of rough expression i used
to use it a lot in videos i guess i
don’t use it so much these days
but it’s kind of like a an encouragement
phrase to say like
you know do it with all your effort or
don’t do it at all
so go big refers to doing something with
your effort like having
big effort or go home like don’t do it
just stay in your house
so i hope that this helps you thanks
very much for the question
okay that is everything that i have for
this week thank you as always for
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