English Sounds T t and D d Consonants How to make the T and D Consonants

In this American English Pronunciation video,

we’re going to study how to make the T and D consonant sounds.

These two sounds are paired together because they take the same mouth position.

Tt– is unvoiced.

Meaning only air passes through the mouth.

And dd– is voiced.

Meaning, dd– you make a sound with the vocal chords.

These consonants are complicated because the way Americans pronounce them

isn’t always what you’ll find in a dictionary.

First, let’s talk about the true pronunciation.

These are stop consonants which means there are two parts.

First, a stop in the airflow, and second, a release.

We stop here, by closing the vocal chords.,

and lift the tongue so the flat, top part is at the roof of the mouth

It’s far forward, almost touching the back of the top front teeth.

The teeth come together and we release all three parts at once.

The tongue comes down from the roof of the mouth,

the teeth part,

and we release the air in the throat

Tt—

Dd—

Just like with other stop consonants,

we want to release them into the next sound.

Let’s look at the true T and D consonants

up close and in slow motion.

The teeth come together and the top , front part of the tongue is at the roof of the mouth.

The air stops in the throat.

Then the teeth part and the tongue pulls down to release.

The word ‘desk’.

The teeth closed and the tongue is at the roof of the mouth.

Then everything releases right into the EH as in Bed vowel.

The word ‘stick’.

The teeth close and the tongue is at the roof of the mouth.

Then everything releases right into the IH as in Sit vowel.

The word ‘expect’.

The teeth nearly close and the tongue is at the roof of the mouth.

Then the teeth release just a bit.

There’s no next sound to release into.

So the movement is minimal for the release.

The tongue releases down.

It’s possible to make the true D without the teeth coming together.

Said. Dd– dd—

Because of the voice in this sound, we can still release it.

Said. Dd–

But to make the True T,

the teeth do have to come together or nearly together.

Set. Tt–

That was the True T and True D.

If the T or D are at the end of a sentence,

or if the next word begins with a consonant,

then you make a Stop T or Stop D.

We stop the air, but we don’t release it.

You lift your tongue into position,

stop the air, and that’s it.

For example, the word ‘mad’, dd—

Mad-d-d-d–

Notice the last sound is d–

The beginning of the D, dd–

with the vocal chords engaged because it’s a voiced consonant.

I don’t release.

A release would sound like this: mad-dd–

But instead, I say, mad-dd–

leaving my tongue tip up.

Now, let’s look at an example with a T followed by another consonant.

The phrase “not for me”.

Here, the T is followed by F.

I stop the air, not–

And then with out releasing, go into the F sound.

Not–for… not for me.

With stop consonants, we do stop the air in the throat.

So I don’t have to move my tongue up into position for the T to stop the sound.

In this phrase, “not for me”,

I touch the roof of the mouth with a part of the tongue that’s further back.

Not–

My tongue tip can stay down.

This helps me make the stop even shorter.

So I can quickly go in to the next sound.

Not for– Not for–

I’ll bring my tongue up for the Stop T if the next sound

also requires the tongue being at the roof of the mouth.

When I say “not for me”,

instead of “noT for me”.

The words are more connected and the sentence is smoother.

That’s what we want in American English.

And that’s why we use the Stop T instead of the True T in these cases.

Not for me.

Let’s look at a stop up close and in slow motion.

Here’s the word ‘what’.

I don’t release the T at the end.

The tongue goes to the roof of the mouth.

But then I just stop the air.

My teeth aren’t together and I don’t release.

The lips simply close: what–

Here’s what it looks like with a True T.

The teeth come together, then a sudden release.

Compare the ending. The top is ‘what’ with a Stop T.

And the bottom is ‘what’ with a True T.

For the Stop T, the teeth don’t come together

because they don’t need to release.

The air simply stops with the tongue in position.

For the True T, we bring the teeth together so the tongue, teeth, and air release.

The Stop T and D relate to the True T and D.

We simply skip the release.

But when the T or D come between 2 vowels or diphthongs,

or after an R and before a vowel or diphthong,

we make a different sound.

One exception, if the T or D starts a stressed syllable,

then it’s a True T or D.

But in other cases, when the T or D consonants come between two vowels or diphthongs,

or after an R and before a vowel or diphthong,

we make a flap sound.

This is different from the True and Stop T and D

because we don’t stop the sound, we don’t hold anything.

We simply let the front part of the tongue bounce against the roof of the mouth

without stopping the flow of the air.

The Flap T and Flap D sound the same.

The Flap T and Flap D sound the same.
The T in ‘matter’, is the same as the D in ‘madder’.

Matter. Madder.

This sounds just like the R in many languages.

But in American English, it’s the Flap T or Flap D.

In my videos, I use the D symbol for this sound.

This sound, however, isn’t a stop consonant anymore.

Let’s look at some words with a flap up close and in slow motion.

The word ‘city’. Here the T comes between two vowel sounds so it’s a flap.

The tongue is in position for the IH vowel.

Watch how it flaps against the roof of the mouth quickly.

The air doesn’t stop.

mouth quickly. The air doesn’t stop. That flap was fast even in slow motion.

Let’s watch again.

The whole word one more time.

The word ‘party’. Here, the T comes after an R and before a vowel.

So it’s a flap. The tongue is back and up for the R.

Watch it flap.

And come down from the flap.

The air didn’t stop. Watch the whole word one more time.

The word ‘tidy’. Here, the D comes after a diphthong and before a vowel

so it’s a Flap D, watch the tongue flap.

The whole word one more time.

To isolate the sound, try holding out the sound before and after.

Party.

Then you can really feel the tongue flap bouncing against the roof of the mouth.

Remember, this isn’t represented in dictionaries.

They will show the symbol for the True T: Party.

Even though Americans pronounce it ‘party’.

So remember the rule.

When a T or D comes between vowels and diphthongs,

or after an R before a vowel or diphthong, like ‘party’,

unless it starts a stressed syllable, flap the tongue.

Sometimes, we drop the T or D completely.

We leave the sounds out. This is an American habit.

If you look up the words in the dictionary, the sounds are there.

There are two cases when you might hear an American drop a T or D.

First, when the T or D comes between two consonant sounds.

For example, ‘exactly’.

This word has the K, T, L consonants together.

But most people pronounce it without the T.

Exactly.

Full pronunciation: exactly.

Common pronunciation: exactly.

Dropping the T between two consonants simplifies the pronunciation.

Also, we often drop the T when it comes after an N.

Many Americans say ‘cenner’ instead of ‘center’.

Or ‘innerview’ instead of ‘interview’.

This is a big topic.

I have a whole series of videos on the pronunciation of T and D which you can find on my website.

The True T and D sounds.

Desk

Stick

Expect

Stop T and D.

Mad

Not

What

The Flap T and D

City

Party

Tidy

Example words. Repeat with me:

Best. Tt– Best.

Time. Tt– Time.

Do. Dd– do.

Odd. –dd. Odd.

There is no way to make a Stop T sound on its own

It’s a lack of sound.

Cut

Better. Ra– Better.

This video is one of 36 in a new series, The Sounds of American English.

Videos in this set will be release here on YouTube twice a month.

first and third Thursdays in 2016 and 2017.

But the whole set can be all yours right now.

The real value of these videos is watching them as a set, as a whole,

to give your mind the time to take it all in an get the bigger picture.

Most of the materials you’ll find elsewhere just teach the sounds on their own, in isolation.

It’s a mistake to learn them this way.

We learn the sounds to speak words and sentences, not just sounds.

Move closer to fluency in spoken English.

Buy the video set today.

Visit rachelsenglish.com/sounds

Available as a DVD or digital download.

在这个美式英语发音视频中,

我们将学习如何发出 T 和 D 辅音。

这两个声音是配对在一起的,因为它们的嘴巴位置相同。

Tt– 是清音的。

意思是只有空气通过嘴。

并且 dd– 是浊音。

意思是,dd——你用声带发出声音。

这些辅音很复杂,因为美国人发音它们的

方式并不总是你可以在字典中找到的。

首先,我们来谈谈真正的发音。

这些是停止辅音,这意味着有两个部分。

首先,气流停止,其次,释放。

我们在这里停下来,关闭声带,

然后抬起舌头,使平坦的顶部位于口腔顶部。

它向前很远,几乎接触到上前牙的后部。

牙齿合在一起,我们同时释放所有三个部分。

舌头从上颚

、牙齿部分下来

,我们释放喉咙里的空气

Tt—

Dd—

就像其他塞音一样,

我们想把它们释放到下一个声音中。

让我们近距离和慢动作看真正的 T 和 D 辅音

牙齿合在一起,舌头的顶部,前部在嘴巴的顶部。

空气在喉咙里停止了。

然后牙齿部分和舌头向下拉释放。

“桌子”这个词。

牙齿闭合,舌头位于口腔顶部。

然后一切都像 Bed 元音一样直接释放到 EH 中。

“棍子”二字。

牙齿闭合,舌头位于口腔顶部。

然后一切都像坐元音一样直接释放到 IH 中。

“期待”二字。

牙齿几乎闭合,舌头位于口腔顶部。

然后牙齿松了一点。

没有下一个声音可以释放。

因此,对于发布来说,移动是最小的。

舌头向下释放。

没有牙齿就可以制作出真正的 D。

说。 dd– dd–

因为这个声音里有声音,我们还是可以放出来的。

说。 Dd–

但是要制作真正的 T

,牙齿确实必须靠在一起或几乎靠在一起。

放。 Tt–

那是真 T 和真 D。

如果 T 或 D 在句尾,

或者如果下一个词以辅音开头,

那么你做一个停止 T 或停止 D。

我们停止空气, 但我们不发布它。

你抬起你的舌头到位,

停止空气,就是这样。

例如,单词 ‘mad’, dd—

Mad-d-d-d–

注意最后一个音是 d–

D 的开头,dd–

因为它是浊辅音,所以声带接合。

我不释放。

发布听起来像这样: mad-dd–

但相反,我说,mad-dd–

让我的舌尖翘起。

现在,让我们看一个 T 后跟另一个辅音的例子。

短语“不适合我”。

在这里,T 后面跟着 F。

我停止了空气,而不是——

然后没有释放,进入 F 音。

不——因为……不适合我。

使用停止辅音,我们确实停止了喉咙中的空气。

所以我不必将我的舌头向上移动到 T 停止声音的位置。

在这句话中,“不适合我”,

我用更靠后的部分舌头触摸上颚。

不——

我的舌尖可以保持下来。

这有助于我缩短停留时间。

所以我可以快速进入下一个声音。

适合——不适合——如果下一个声音

也需要舌头位于口腔顶部,我会在停止 T 时抬起舌头。

当我说“不适合我”时,

而不是“不适合我”。

单词联系更紧密,句子更流畅。

这就是我们想要的美式英语。

这就是为什么我们在这些情况下使用 Stop T 而不是 True T。

不适合我。

让我们看一下近距离和慢动作的停止。

这里是“什么”这个词。

最后我没有释放 T。

舌头伸到上颚。

但后来我只是停止了空气。

我的牙齿不在一起,我不松开。

嘴唇简单地合上:

什么——这就是真T的样子。

牙齿合在一起,然后突然松开。

比较结局。 顶部是带有 Stop T 的“what”。

底部是带有 True T 的“what”。

对于 Stop T,牙齿不会靠在一起,

因为它们不需要释放。

空气只是在舌头就位的情况下停止。

对于 True T,我们将牙齿放在一起,这样舌头、牙齿和空气就会释放出来。

Stop T 和 D 与 True T 和 D 相关。

我们只是跳过发布。

但是当 T 或 D 出现在两个元音或双元音之间,

或者在 R 之后和元音或双元音之前,

我们会发出不同的声音。

一个例外是,如果 T 或 D 以重读音节开头,

那么它就是真 T 或 D。

但在其他情况下,当 T 或 D 辅音出现在两个元音或双元音之间,

或者在 R 之后和元音或双元音之前,

我们发出拍打声。

这与 True and Stop T 和 D 不同,

因为我们不停止声音,我们不持有任何东西。

我们只是让舌头的前部在

不阻止空气流动的情况下弹跳到上颚。

Flap T 和 Flap D 听起来一样。

Flap T 和 Flap D 听起来一样。
‘matter’ 中的 T 与 ‘madder’ 中的 D 相同。

事情。 茜草。

这听起来就像许多语言中的 R。

但在美式英语中,它是 Flap T 或 Flap D。

在我的视频中,我使用 D 符号来表示这个声音。

然而,这个声音不再是停止辅音了。

让我们近距离观察一些带有慢动作拍打的单词。

“城市”二字。 这里的 T 出现在两个元音之间,所以它是一个襟翼。

舌头处于 IH 元音的位置。

观察它如何快速拍打上颚。

空气不停。

嘴巴很快。 空气不停。 即使是慢动作,那个襟翼也很快。

让我们再看一遍。

整个词再一次。

“派对”这个词。 在这里,T 出现在 R 之后和元音之前。

所以它是一个襟翼。 舌头为 R 向后和向上。

注意它拍打。

并从襟翼上下来。

空气没有停止。 再看一遍整个词。

“整洁”二字。 在这里,D 出现在双元音之后和元音之前,

所以它是 Flap D,注意舌瓣。

整个词再一次。

要隔离声音,请尝试在之前和之后按住声音。

派对。

然后你可以真正感觉到舌瓣在上颚弹跳。

请记住,这在字典中没有表示。

他们将显示 True T: Party 的符号。

即使美国人将其发音为“派对”。

所以记住规则。

当 T 或 D 出现在元音和双元音之间,

或 R 在元音或双元音之前出现时,例如“party”,

除非它以重读音节开头,否则舌颤。

有时,我们会完全放弃 T 或 D。

我们将声音排除在外。 这是美国人的习惯。

如果您在字典中查找单词,声音就在那里。

在两种情况下,您可能会听到美国人放弃 T 或 D。

首先,当 T 或 D 出现在两个辅音之间时。

例如,“正是”。

这个词有K、T、L辅音。

但大多数人在没有 T 的情况下发音。

完全正确。

完整的发音:完全正确。

常用读音:正是。

在两个辅音之间去掉 T 可以简化发音。

此外,我们经常在 N 之后

去掉 T。许多美国人说“cenner”而不是“center”。

或“innerview”而不是“interview”。

这是一个很大的话题。

我有一系列关于 T 和 D 发音的视频,你可以在我的网站上找到。

True T 和 D 的声音。

期待

停止 T 和 D。Mad

Not

What

The Flap T 和 D

城市

派对

整洁

示例词。 跟我重复一遍:

最好。 Tt——最好的。

时间。 Tt——时间。

做。 dd——做。

奇怪的。 –dd。 奇怪的。

没有办法自己发出停止 T 的声音

这是缺乏声音。

剪得

更好。 拉——更好。

该视频是新系列“美式英语之声”中的 36 个视频之一。

这组视频将每月两次在 YouTube 上发布。

2016 年和 2017 年的第一个和第三个星期四。

但现在整套产品都可以归你所有。

这些视频的真正价值在于将它们作为一个整体观看

,让您的大脑有时间全面了解这些视频。

您可以在其他地方找到的大多数材料只是单独教授声音。

以这种方式学习它们是错误的。

我们学习声音来说出单词和句子,而不仅仅是声音。

更接近流利的英语口语。

立即购买视频集。

访问

rachelsenglish.com/sounds 以 DVD 或数字下载的形式提供。