How to Reduce THAT AMERICAN ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION
In this American English pronunciation video,
we’re going to go over how to pronounce the
word THAT in a sentence.
As you probably know, in American English,
there are lots of words called function words
that will be unstressed in a sentence. And
some of these will reduce. THAT is one of
those words. In a sentence, the vowel will
often reduce to the schwa sound. The final
T will be a stop T if the next word begins
with a consonant, or it will be a flap T if
the next word begins with a vowel or diphthong.
The voiced, TH, where the tongue tip comes
just through the teeth. Then for the schwa
sound, the tongue tip pulls back and comes
down, rests just behind the bottom front teeth,
and the tongue is very relaxed. Tha-, tha-.
For the T, flap or stop, the tongue tip will
go to the roof of the mouth, that, that, and
cut off the air flow for the stop T, or bounce
back down, letting the air through for the
flap T.
Let’s look at some sample sentence fragments.
That my, that my. The next word here, my,
begins with a consonant So the T at the end
of the word ‘that’ is a stop: that my.
That I, that I. The next word here, I,
has the AI diphthong.
So, the T at the end of the word ‘that’ is
a flap T. That I, that I. Now, let’s look
at some full sentences. The movie that I saw
was boring. That I, that I. Again, the AI
diphthong, so the T is a flap. That I. The
movie that I saw was boring. We thought that
we could be there. That we, that we. So, the
word ‘we’, beginning with the W consonant,
the T is a stop T. That we, that we. We thought
that we could be there. I know that you’re
disappointed. That you’re, that you’re. So,
the next word here begins with the Y consonant,
so the T is a stop T. That, that, that you’re.
That you’re. I know that you’re disappointed.
I read that her team won. That her, that her.
Here, with the word ‘her’, I’m dropping the
H. So, the sound after the T, is the schwa
sound, a vowel. Therefore, it’s a flap T.
That her, that her, I heard that her team
won.
Will the word ‘that’ always be pronounced
this way in a sentence? No. Sometimes it will
have the AA vowel. For example, if you want
to stress the word:
It was easy.
It wasn’t that easy.
Thaa, thaa. There, I’m keeping the AA vowel.
Also, in this sentence, the word ‘that’ is an
adverb. And adverbs are generally content
words, not going to reduce in a sentence.
But you will often hear the word ‘that’ reduced.
Doing it yourself will help to smooth out your
speech, and will also provide some nice rhythmic
contrast to the longer, stressed syllables
in a sentence.
That’s it, and thanks so much
for using Rachel’s English.