Learn English Chimamanda Adichie Have a good BS detector with BIG subtitles

Harvard class of 2018 hello thank you so

much for asking me to be here today it

meant a lot to me to know that you the

students select the class day speaker

thank you congratulations to you and to

all your loved ones who are here

I spent a wonderful year at the

Radcliffe Institute here at Harvard

during a fellowship in 2011 and I fell

in love with Cambridge and so it’s very

good to be back

my name is Chimamanda in Ybor it means

my personal spirit will never be broken

I’m not sure why but some people find it

difficult to pronounce a few years ago I

spoke at an event in London the English

woman who was to introduce me had

written my name phonetically on a piece

of paper and backstage she held on

tightly to this paper while repeating

the pronunciation over and over I could

tell she was very eager to get it right

and then she went out to the stage and

gave a lovely introduction and ended

with the words ladies and gentlemen

please welcome chimichenga I told I told

the story at a dinner party shortly

afterwards and one of the guests seemed

very annoyed that I was laughing about

it that was so insulting he said that

English woman could have tried harder

but the truth is she did try very hard

in fact she ended up calling me a fried

burrito because she had tried very hard

and then ended up with an

human mistake that was the result of

anxiety so the point of this story is

not to say that you can call me

chimichanga don’t even think about it

the point is that intent matters that

context matters

somebody might very well call me

chimichanga

out of a malicious desire to mock my

name and that I would certainly not

laugh about but there is a difference

between malice and a mistake we now live

in a culture of calling out a culture of

outrage and you should call people out

you should be outraged

but always remember context and never

disregard intent if I were asked the

title of my address to you today I would

say above all else do not lie or don’t

like too often which is really to say

tell the truth but lie in the ward the

idea the act has such political potency

in America today but it somehow feels

more apt above all else do not lie I

grew up in Nigeria through military

dictatorships and through incipient

democracies and America always felt

aspirational when yet another absurd

thing happened politically we would say

this can never happen in America

but today the political discourse in

America includes questions that are

straight from the land of the absurd

questions such as should we call a lie a

lie when is a lie a lie and so class of

2018 at

Oh time has it felt as agent as now that

we must protect and value the truth

before I tell you about not lying I must

first admit

so before I tell you about not lying I

must first admit the line I routinely

lie about my height even at the doctor’s

office in Lagos when I’m meeting friends

for lunch I lie about being stuck in

traffic when I’m really still at home

only just getting dressed now there are

other lies sadly however I cannot tell

you about them without having to kill

you afterwards but what I know is that I

have always felt my best and done my

best when I hear toward truth when I

don’t lie and the biggest regrets of my

life of those times when I did not have

the courage to embrace the truth now

tell you the truth does not mean that

everything will work out actually it

sometimes doesn’t I’m not asking you to

tell the truth because it will always

work out but because you will sleep well

at night and there is nothing more

beautiful than to wake up every day

holding in your hand the full measure of

your integrity many years ago before my

first novel was published I attended a

Writers Conference here in the US it was

a gathering of many aspiring writers and

a few established writers now the former

there sparrin writers sucking up to the

latter the established writers was a

revered ritual of the conference and so

during one of the breaks I walked up to

a man and established writer whose name

I knew well but whose work I had not

read I shook his hand and told him what

a fan I was I love your work I said his

wife was sitting next to him so which of

his books have you read she asked and I

froze which had

you read she asked again everyone at the

table was quiet watching waiting I

smiled a mad smile and I mumbled the one

about the one about the man discovering

himself which of course was complete

but I thought it might be

convincing since that kind of describes

half of all the novels written by men

and then I fled but before I fled I

heard the writer say to his wife honey

you shouldn’t have done that

but the truth is that I shouldn’t have

done that

to read a novel is to give honor to art

why lie about giving honor to something

to which you have not I was of course

absolutely mortified that day but I have

come to respect what that writers wife

had a fantastic detector and

now that I have the good fortune of

being an established writer one who does

not like to miss an opportunity to

wallow in praise by the way I can sense

when a person is saying empty words and

it feels much worse than if they had

said nothing at all so have a good

detector if you don’t have it

now walk on it but having that detector

means that you must also use it on

yourself and sometimes the hardest

truths are those we have to tell

ourselves when I first started sending

out my early writing to agents and

publishers and started getting

rejections I convinced myself that my

walk had simply not found the right home

which might have been true but there was

another truth that took me much longer

to consider but the manuscript was not

very good

and in fact the first novel I wrote or

what I thought was a novel eventually

needed to be put away in a drawer and

I’m so grateful that it was never

published it is hard to tell ourselves

the truth about our failures our

fragilities our uncertainties it is hard

to tell ourselves that maybe we haven’t

done the best that we can it is hard to

tell ourselves the truth of our emotions

that maybe what we feel is hurt rather

than anger that maybe it is time to

close the chapter of a relationship and

walk away and yet when we do we are the

better off for it I understand that the

Harvard College mission calls on you to

be citizen leaders I don’t even know

what citizen leader means it sort of

sounds like a Harvard Graduate saying I

went to college in Boston which by the

way has to be the most immodest form of

modesty please class of 2018 when you

asked where you went to college just say

Harvard

by the way by the way I went to Yale for

graduate school not New Haven which has

other universities but we also know that

in the grand snobbery sweepstakes of

prestigious American colleges grad

school doesn’t really count its

undergrad that counts so it’s entirely

possible that I don’t even know how all

of this works so you’re charged to be

citizen leaders which I suppose means

that you’re charged to be leaders I

often wonder who will be led if everyone

is supposed to be a leader but whether

but whether you are a leader or whether

you are the lead I urge you always to

bend toward truth to err on the side of

truth and to help you do this make

literature your religion which is to say

read widely read fiction and poetry and

narrative nonfiction make the human

story the center of your understanding

of the world think of people as people

not as abstractions who have to conform

to bloodless logic but as people fragile

imperfect with prides that can be

wounded and hearts that can be touched

literature is my religion I have learned

from literature that we humans are

flawed all of us are flawed but even

while flawed we are capable of enduring

goodness we do not need first to be

perfect before we can do what is right

and just

and you have a class of 2018 are not

unfamiliar with speaking the truth when

you stood alongside dining-hall walkers

during the strike when you protest at

the end of daca when you supported the

black lives matter movement you were

speaking the truth about the dignity

that every single human being deserves I

applaud you I urge you to continue

[Applause]

but remember that now outside the cocoon

of Harvard the consequences will be

greater the stakes will be higher please

don’t let that stop you from telling the

truth sometimes especially in

politicized spaces telling the truth

will be an act of courage

be courageous never set out to provoke

for the sake of provoking but never

silence yourself out of fear that a

truth you speak might provoke be

courageous people can be remarkably

resistant to the facts that they do not

like but don’t let that silence you from

speaking the truth be courageous be

courageous enough to acknowledge that

even if there is no value in the

position of the other side there is

value in knowing what that position is

listen to the other side at least the

reasonable other side be courageous

enough to acknowledge that democracy is

always fragile and that justice has

nothing to do with the political left or

the political right be courageous enough

to recognize those things that get in

the way of telling the truth the empty

cleverness the morally bankrupt irony

the desire to please the deliberate of

fuchsine the tendency to confuse

cynicism for sophistication be

courageous enough to accept that life is

messy your life will not always

perfectly match your ideology sometimes

even your choices will not align with

your ideology don’t justify and

rationalize it acknowledge it because it

is in trying to justify that we get into

that twisting dark unending tunnel of

lies from which it is sometimes

impossible to re-emerge halt be

courageous enough to say

I don’t know this might be harder to do

with everyone calling you Harvard but

ignorant acknowledged is an opportunity

ignorant denied is a closed door and it

takes courage to admit to the truth of

what you do not know some people think

that Harvard is the best school in the

world personally I’m not so sure I need

to know what my people like Yale think

about that but I do know that for many

people all over the world Harvard has

become much more than just a school

Harvard is a metaphor for untouchable

intellectual achievement and now that

you are Harvard graduates

well actually almost Harvard graduates

you don’t actually have your degrees you

wouldn’t get them until tomorrow and I

suppose there is still time for the

Harvard administration folks to change

their minds about giving it to you but

assuming they don’t change their minds

and you do get your degrees tomorrow and

become Harvard graduates the world will

make assumptions about you many of them

will be to your benefit

such as the assumption of competence and

intelligence employers will pay

attention to your resume when they see

Harvard on it but there will be other

assumptions people who don’t know

anything about you except that you went

to Harvard will assume that you feel

superior that you think you’re all that

they will roll their eyes when you make

a normal human mistake you might here at

some point in your life in a tool that

cannot be described as nice

there goes Harvard now full disclosure a

friend once told me that the only thing

he learned at Harvard was to behave like

a person who went to Harvard and I have

often repeated that story quite

gleefully so you will inspire resentment

and

hopefully that will help you keep in

mind the humanity of everyone including

the privileged but these are some shells

that people will make about you a

minuscule compared to the enormous

privilege that comes with a Harvard

degree you now have a certain kind of

access a certain kind of power and I

know it is terribly cliched to say that

you must now use this power to change

the world but really you must now use

this power to change the world

[Applause]

change a slice of the world no matter

how small if you feel a sense of

dissatisfaction with the status quo

nurture that dissatisfaction be

propelled by your dissatisfaction act

get into the system and change the

system challenge the steel assumptions

that undergird so many of America’s

cultural institutions tell new stories

champion new storytellers because the

truth is that the universal does not

belong to any one group of people

everybody’s story is potentially

universal it just needs to be told well

change the media in America make it

about truth not about entertainment not

about profit-making but about

and and while you’re doing it be astute

about when you need balance and when you

don’t because sometimes seeking balance

gets in the way of telling the truth if

you’re reporting about the Sun rising in

the east you do not need to hear the

other side because there is no real

other side a Harvard degree will give

you access and opportunities but sadly I

have to inform you that it will not make

you invincible you still have that

fragile human core at the center of all

of us there will be times when you are

petrified of failing when fear of

failure holds you back in those moments

here is the truth that is easy to forget

you don’t actually know that you will

fail I was lucky to be given a great

gift by the universe knowing from

childhood what I loved most I was lucky

to have wonderful supportive parents who

encouraged me and my parents are here

today

writing is what I love had I not had the

good fortune of being published I would

be somewhere right now completely

unknown possibly broke but I would be

writing some of you here today like me

know what you love and some of you don’t

if you don’t know you will if not

something that you love then something

that you like or something that you

don’t hate or something you will find it

but to find it you must try the

wonderful Shonda Rhimes said very wisely

that you have to do something until you

can do something else try if it doesn’t

work out try something else I knew from

spending a year in medical school that

it was not for me actually that’s not

really true I knew even before medical

school but going to medical school

clarified it for me and it’s not wasted

time it’s experience and experience will

serve you in ways you do not expect I

cannot tell you how many times in the

course of writing my second novel half

of a Yellow Sun which was a deeply

which was a deeply emotional book for me

I felt choked with uncertainty I would

climb into bed and eat chocolate but I

knew that after all the chocolate eating

after all the sinking into a dark place

that I would get up and keep writing I

cannot tell you how often I would sit

down to write and instead I would find

myself going online to look at shoes and

to put different shoes in various online

carts and then remove some and put some

back an order some and then not all out

so I’m actually thinking of starting a

society of esteemed procrastinators and

I suspect that many of you would

probably sign up procrastinating is a

form of fear and it is difficult at

knowledge fear but the truth is that you

cannot create anything of value without

both self-doubt and self belief without

self-doubt you become complacent without

self belief you cannot succeed you need

both and there is also the fear of

measuring up of keeping up which for you

might be heightened by the heavy weight

of all those Harvard expectations I want

to share a line from a lovely poem by

Mary Oliver whoever you are no matter

how lonely the world offers itself to

your imagination when you fall into the

funk of competition when you compare

yourself with other Harvard graduates

when you worry that you didn’t get that

job at Goldman or McKinsey or in Silicon

Valley right after graduation or didn’t

win a Pulitzer at 30 or didn’t become a

managing director partner of something

at 35

think of literature think of the early

bloomers and the late bloomers think of

the many experimental novels that do not

follow the traditional form your story

does not have to have a traditional arc

there is an ebow scene Vanya G Cooney

bhutesu Xia it translates literally to

whenever you wake up that is your

morning what matters is that you wake up

the world is calling you

America is calling you there is work to

be done there are tarnished things that

need to shine again there are broken

things that need to be made whole again

you are in a position to do this you can

do it be courageous tell the truth I

wish you courage and I wish you well

[Applause]

哈佛 2018 年的班级你好,非常感谢你

今天邀请我来这里

,知道你

学生选择上课日演讲者对我来说意义重大,

谢谢你祝贺你和

所有在这里的亲人

我度过了一个 2011 年

在哈佛拉德克利夫研究所

度过了美好的一年,我

爱上了剑桥,所以很

高兴回来

我的名字是 Ybor 的 Chimamanda,这意味着

我的个人精神永远不会被打破

我不知道为什么 但有些人觉得

很难发音 几年前我

在伦敦的一个活动上发言

介绍我的英国女人

在一张纸上用语音写下了我的名字,在

后台她

紧紧抓住这张纸,同时

重复发音 一遍又一遍,我可以

看出她非常渴望把事情

做好,然后她走上舞台,

做了一个可爱的介绍,

最后说女士们先生们,

请欢迎 chimichenga 我告诉我告诉

不久之后在一次晚宴上的故事

,其中一位客人似乎

很生气,因为我

对此感到非常侮辱,他说

英国女人本可以更加努力,

但事实是她确实非常努力

,事实上她最终打电话 我是一个油炸

玉米煎饼,因为她非常努力地尝试

了一个

人为的错误,这是焦虑的结果,

所以这个故事的重点

不是说你可以叫我

chimichanga,别想了,

重点是 这种意图很重要,

上下文很重要,

有人很可能会

出于嘲笑我的名字的恶意而叫我chimichanga

,我当然不会

笑,但是恶意和错误之间是有区别的

,我们现在生活

在一种大声疾呼的文化中

愤怒的文化,你应该叫别人

你应该愤怒,

但永远记住上下文,永远不要

忽视意图如果我今天被问到

我对你的地址的标题,我会

说高于一切 不要撒谎或不

喜欢太频繁,这真的是说

实话,但在病房里,

该行为在今天的美国具有如此政治效力的想法,

但不知何故感觉

比其他一切都更贴切不要撒谎我

在尼日利亚长大 通过军事

独裁和刚刚起步的

民主国家,

当又一件荒谬的

事情在政治上发生时,美国总是感到有抱负,我们会说

这在美国永远不会发生,

但今天美国的政治话语

包括

直接来自荒谬

问题的问题,例如应该 我们称谎言为

谎言,什么时候是谎言,所以

2018 届的学生

现在感觉像代理人一样,在我告诉你不撒谎之前,

我们必须保护和珍视真相

,我必须

先承认这

一点,然后再告诉 你关于不撒谎我

必须首先承认我经常

在拉各斯的医生办公室与朋友

共进午餐

时谎报身高 还在家里

只是穿衣服 现在还有

其他的谎言 可悲的是我不能告诉

你这些谎言 必须事后杀了

你 但我知道的是,当我听到真相时,

我总是感觉最好并尽力而为

不要说谎,我一生中最大的遗憾

当我

没有勇气接受真相的时候,现在

告诉你真相并不意味着

一切都会好起来,

有时不是我不是在问你

说实话,因为它总是会

奏效,但因为你晚上睡得很好

,没有什么

比每天醒来更美好的了

在美国参加了一个作家会议,这

是许多有抱负的作家

和一些知名作家

的聚会 因此,

在其中一个休息时间,我走到

一个男人面前,他是一位知名作家,他的名字

我很熟悉,但我没有

读过他

的作品

坐在他旁边

你读过他的哪本书 她问我

愣住

了 你读了哪一本 她又问

这当然完全是

胡说八道,但我认为这可能是

令人信服的,因为那种描述了

一半的男人写的小说

然后我逃跑了,但在我逃跑之前,我

听到作家对他的妻子说亲爱的

你不应该那样做

但事实是,我不应该那样

,读小说就是为了尊重艺术,

为什么要谎称尊重

你没有的东西

,那天我当然非常羞愧,但我

已经开始尊重那 作家的妻子

有一个 很棒的废话探测器,

现在我有幸

成为一名成熟的作家

什么都没说所以有一个好的

废话检测器如果你没有它

现在走上它但是拥有那个检测器

意味着你也必须在自己身上使用它

有时最难的

事实是

我们在我第一次告诉自己的时候 开始

将我早期的作品寄给代理商和

出版商,并开始

遭到

拒绝 很好

,事实上我写的第一部小说或者

我认为是小说的东西最终

需要放在抽屉里,

我很感激它从未

出版过,很难告诉我们 精灵

关于我们失败的真相 我们的

脆弱 我们的不确定性

很难告诉自己也许我们没有

尽我们所能

也许是时候

结束一段关系并

走开,但当我们这样做时,我们会

变得更好 我明白

哈佛学院的使命要求你

成为

公民领袖 听起来有点

像哈佛毕业生说我

在波士顿上大学,

顺便说一句,这必须是最不谦虚的谦虚形式,

请 2018 届当你

问你在哪里上大学时

,顺便说一下哈佛 去耶鲁

读研究生而不是纽黑文,那里有

其他大学,但我们也知道,

在美国著名大学的盛大势利抽奖活动中,

研究生

院并没有真正

算上本科,所以它是 en 很

可能我什至不知道这一切

是如何运作的,所以你被指控为

公民领袖,我想这

意味着你被指控为领导者 我

经常想知道如果每个人都应该成为领导者,谁会被领导

但无论你是领导者还是领导者

,我都敦促你始终

向真理屈服,在真理方面犯错,

并帮助你做到这一点,让

文学成为你的宗教,也就是说,

阅读广泛阅读的小说和诗歌,

叙事非小说 让人类

故事成为你理解世界的中心 不

把人

看成是抽象的人,他们必须

遵循无血的逻辑,而是脆弱的

不完美的人,拥有可以

受伤的骄傲和可以触动的心

文学是我的宗教 我

从文学中了解到,我们人类是

有缺陷的,我们所有人都有缺陷,但

即使有缺陷,我们也有能力忍受

善良,我们不需要先

完美,然后才能做正确的事

和 j ust

和你有一个 2018 届的学生 不

熟悉说真话 当

你在罢工期间站在食堂步行者旁边

当你

在 daca 结束时抗议 当你支持

黑人生命问题运动时 你在

说关于尊严的真相

每个人都值得我为

你鼓掌我敦促你继续

[掌声]

但请记住,现在在

哈佛的茧之外,后果会

更大,赌注会更高,请

不要让这阻止你说

真话,尤其是 在

政治化的空间里,说真话

将是一种勇敢的行为

要有勇气 永远不要为了

挑衅而挑衅,但不要

因为害怕

你说出

的真相可能会激怒自己而保持沉默 不

喜欢但不要让那种沉默让你不敢

说真话要有勇气有

足够的勇气承认

即使我没有价值 n

对方的

立场

知道对方

的立场是有价值

的 政治权利 有足够的勇气

去承认那些

妨碍说真话的事情 空洞的

聪明 道德上破产的

讽刺 想要取悦深思熟虑的

品红 倾向于把

玩世不恭与老练混为一谈 有

足够的勇气接受生活是

一团糟 你的 生活并不总是

与你的意识形态完美契合

不可能重新出现停止 有

足够的勇气说

我不知道这可能更难

做到 一个人称你哈佛,但

无知承认是机会

无知否认是一扇紧闭的大门,

承认你不知道的真相需要勇气

有些人

认为哈佛是世界上最好的学校

我个人不太确定

我需要知道像耶鲁这样的人是怎么想

的,但我确实知道,对于

世界各地的许多人来说,哈佛

已经不仅仅是一所学校,

哈佛是对不可触碰的

智力成就的隐喻,现在

你们实际上已经是哈佛毕业生

了 几乎哈佛毕业生,

你实际上并没有你的学位,你

要到明天才能拿到学位,我

哈佛政府的人还有时间

改变主意,把它给你,但

假设他们没有改变主意

, 你明天确实获得学位并

成为哈佛毕业生 世界会对

你做出假设,其中许多假设

对你有利,

例如能力和能力的假设 d

情报雇主

在看到哈佛的简历时会注意你的简历

,但也会有其他

假设,

除了你去了哈佛之外,对你一无所知的人

会假设你感觉

优越,认为你就是那样

当你

犯了一个正常的人为错误时,他们会翻白眼 你可能会

在你生命中的某个时刻使用一个

不能被描述为很好的工具

哈佛现在完全披露一位

朋友曾经告诉我

他在哈佛学到的唯一东西是 表现得像

一个上过哈佛的人,我

经常兴高采烈地重复这个故事,

这样你就会激起怨恨

希望这能帮助你

记住每个人的人性,

包括特权阶层,但这些

只是人们对你的一些外壳

与哈佛

学位带来的巨大

特权相比微不足道 d说

你现在必须用这个力量来

改变世界,但实际上你现在必须用

这个力量来改变世界

[鼓掌]

如果你

对现状感到不满,就改变世界的一小部分

培养不满情绪

由你的不满行为推动

进入体制并改变

体制 挑战支撑

美国许多

文化机构的钢铁假设 讲述新故事

支持新的故事讲述者,因为

事实是,普遍性不

属于任何一个群体 人们

每个人的故事都可能具有

普遍性,只需要

很好地讲述就可以了

不要因为有时寻求平衡

会妨碍说真话,如果

你报道太阳在东方升起,

你不需要 听到

另一面,因为没有真正的

另一面,哈佛学位会给

你机会和机会,但遗憾的是,我

必须告诉你,它不会让

你立于不败之地,你仍然拥有

脆弱的人性核心,

是我们所有人的中心 会是你

害怕失败的时候,当害怕

失败让你退缩的时候

,这是很容易忘记的真相

从小就知道我最喜欢什么

我今天会在

这里写你们中的一些人,比如我

知道你喜欢什么,而有些

人不知道,如果你不知道你会

喜欢的

东西,那么你喜欢的东西或你喜欢的东西

不要讨厌或你会找到它

但要找到它你必须尝试

美妙的 Shonda Rhimes 非常明智地

说你必须做一些事情直到你

可以做其他事情尝试如果它

不起作用尝试其他我知道的东西

在医学院呆了一年,

实际上这对我来说

并不真实 我

无法告诉你在

写我的第二部小说《黄太阳》的过程中有多少次,

这本书对我来说是一本深深的情感书

所有的巧克力

都在沉入黑暗的地方

之后我会站起来继续写作我

无法告诉你我多久会

坐下来写作,相反我会发现

自己上网看鞋子

和 将不同的鞋子放在各种在线

购物车中,然后取出一些,然后将

一些退回订单,然后不是全部,

所以我实际上正在考虑建立一个

受人尊敬的拖延者社会,

我怀疑你们中的许多人

可能会注册拖延是一种

恐惧的形式,很难

了解恐惧,但事实是,如果没有自我怀疑和自我信念,你

就无法创造任何有价值的东西。

没有

自我怀疑,你会变得自满,没有

自我信念,你无法成功,你需要

两者,还有 害怕

跟不上你

可能会

因为哈佛的所有期望而变得更加

沉重 当你担心自己没有在高盛、麦肯锡或硅谷 V 获得那份工作

时,当你将自己与其他哈佛毕业生进行比较时,你就会陷入竞争的

恐惧之中

毕业后的胡同 或者

30 岁没有获得普利策奖 或者 35 岁没有成为

某公司的常务董事合伙人

想想文学 想想

大器晚成的人

想想许多不

遵循传统的实验小说 形成你的故事

不必有一个传统的弧线

有一个 ebow 场景 Vanya G Cooney

bhutesu Xia 它的字面意思是

当你醒来时就是你的

早晨 重要的是你

醒来世界在呼唤你

美国在呼唤你 是否有工作

要做 有失去光泽的东西

需要再次发光 破碎的

东西需要重新完整

你有能力做到这一点 你可以

做到 勇敢地说实话 我

希望你有勇气 我希望你 嗯

[鼓掌]