How to Make Basic Comparisons Adjectives and Nouns in English
think it’s rolling hi everybody and
welcome back to our weekly
live stream my name is alicia and to
this week we are going to talk about
how to make basic comparisons
this week we are going to talk about
making comparisons
with adjectives and with nouns this will
be a super good lesson
for beginners i think but of course i
hope we can also practice
uh some everyday uh grammar as well just
some basic grammar so it will be a good
chance
to review so as you join if you’re
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ask hyphen alicia all right uh today’s
lesson
is about basic comparisons i’m going to
speak a little bit more slowly now
uh so today’s lesson boards look like
this
we are going to practice nouns and
adjectives so we’re going to begin
today’s lesson
with nouns how to make basic comparisons
with nouns
then short adjectives excuse me and then
long adjectives so today’s lesson of
course
we’ll have three groups uh three groups
of content that we will cover
okay i see everything is rolling now hi
everybody welcome
i see youtube is alive and well great
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amanda conwaldjeet lizzy great all right
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jojo ahmed hello everybody
this hello thank you that’s very nice
all right everybody’s here
let’s get rolling let’s start with
countable
nouns today countable nouns where’s my
pen
okay so we’re going to begin today’s
lesson with
countable nouns and uncountable nouns
i am not going to talk in today’s lesson
about uh the like how about the
details of countable nouns and
uncountable nouns if you want some
details about
countable and uncountable nouns i have
some videos
on the english class youtube channel so
check those out
i’ll put a link in the youtube
description after today’s lesson so you
can check that out
okay let’s go uh good lots of people are
saying hi
new people ashwani great shiva hello
good good good good everybody
who is new is now saying hello fantastic
thank you new people
while lots of new people are saying hi
thank you that’s cool
okay let’s start talking about making
comparisons
with nouns so i want to
uh cover two groups countable nouns
a quick review a countable noun is a
noun we can count
with one two three like we add an
s to the end of the noun to make it
countable like markers or teachers
or computers and so on phones
these are countable nouns this is
important
when we’re making comparisons and in
other situations too
these are the patterns we use to make
comparisons
with countable nouns the very basic
patterns
so i’ll go through these examples and
these patterns today but please in the
chat or in the comments if you’re not
watching live send me your example
sentences
if you’re watching live i will try to
check who tried to check you live
there’s a lot that come in though so
let’s review
we use more plus plural noun when i say
plural noun here i mean the noun
plus s so for example if it’s marker i
use markers
plural means more than one yeah so
more markers than for example
if i want to express a comparison where
one thing
there is not like fewer so the quantity
is smaller
of one thing than another thing
i use fewer with countable nouns
this point right here many native
speakers make mistakes with this
they use less with countable nouns
please use fewer so for example fewer
students than me he has fewer students
than me okay so this is a key point
for everyone to practice if you want to
express
equal equal amounts of something so
a and b are the same
amount the same amount you can use this
as many plural noun as
so this as is on both sides yeah
like he has as many students
as me so this expresses
equal levels equal levels
finally this last pattern here not
as many plural noun as
not as many plural noun at this
expresses
that one thing the quantity of
a the quantity of a so let’s use markers
again
let’s say i have or rather i think i
have an example here let’s use this one
he doesn’t have as many shoes
as me for example so this is expressing
this is a different way to express i
have more shoes
than he does so there are a few
as you can see maybe there are a few
different ways
we can express a comparison we can use a
negative we can use a positive
it’s up to you to choose let’s look at
some more examples
uh this one oh it’s kind of hard to see
the colors isn’t it
i have more books than you
another key point i notice with learners
many learners do not put this
s at the end please clearly pronounce
and make sure to spell it with the s
with your countable nouns yeah i have
more books
than you we have fewer
plants than the neighbor we have fewer
plants than the neighbor
and again he doesn’t have as many shoes
as me another note with this negative
pattern there’s not
as many as pattern this
knot when i say not sometimes
you’ll see maybe this pattern directly
but this example the knot
is here he does not have so this not
is connected to the verb yeah
so this is just a basic negative pattern
here
okay um
someone says i’m trying to make a
sentence and i don’t know which
noun to use so just think think of a
noun
and think okay is this a countable noun
or an
uncountable noun just try just just try
start by trying
okay uh i see lots of people on facebook
saying hello
welcome good morning mr alicia please
use miss please use myths for girls
okay um other example
salma says he has fewer friends than me
good examples
yashya she has more pen pen so when you
use a countable noun use the plural form
pens
pens don’t forget this s at the end
okay all right let’s continue to
uncountable nouns so
uncountable nouns are nouns that we do
not count
with a number like uh we don’t say
for example uh one time well okay sorry
when we talk about units of uh like
minutes and hours
time is uncountable or like uh
air is uncountable these are things we
use
units with smaller units with again i’m
not going to talk
in detail about these two grammar points
so i’ll put a link to this information
in the youtube description okay so
when we use uncountable nouns to make
comparisons
we use these patterns more
noun than something so you’ll notice
this one
is the same as the countable form yeah
so that’s easy to remember
however this one when you use an
uncountable noun
and you want to express that something
there’s not as much
of something or there’s the quantity is
smaller we use
less less this is different from
countable nouns
where we use fewer fewer countable nouns
less uncountable noun so less
time than less money than and so on but
not
fewer okay then
a couple more patterns to express that
two things are
equal as much
noun as so he has
as much time as me or she has as much
money
as me so this pattern expresses that
two amounts are equal they’re equal
they’re the same okay and
finally to make a negative the kind of
the negative version
of this second pattern not as much
noun as something so
my boss does not have as much free time
as me
maybe okay so let’s look at some example
sentences that use
this grammar first one i have more
time than you please notice
there is no s at the end of this time
because time is an uncountable noun
so no s here roduin says alicia has more
hair than me
good that’s a really funny example okay
uh next one is he
has less money than his boss
he has less money than his boss okay so
again
money no s at the end of this because
money is
uncountable okay
another one i made a kind of creative
example sentence here
you have as much bread
as the bakery down the street so this is
a situation
where you you arrive at a friend’s house
for a party or event they have lots of
bread
and you want to make a funny comment you
have as much bread as the bakery down
the street means that you
and the bakery have equal levels of
bread that sounds kind of funny
so we can use these sorts of comparisons
to make creative statements
too so maybe it’s not exactly
but we just want to express something
creatively we can do it like this
okay some of you are writing some
adjective comparisons which is great
we’re going to talk about that later all
right uh
all right some other examples michelle
says alicia has more pens
than me oh maybe okay good nice example
sentence
i’m looking for your other example
sentences on facebook someone says
what’s her name
anyone know yes my name is alicia so
okay let’s go to oh johanna says is
bread uncountable yes
bread we don’t say one bread two breads
uh we use the counter counterword loaf
for bread one
loaf of bread two loaves of bread again
uh i will put a link
to some videos about countable and
uncountable now the description
okay let’s take a break oh mafu says why
do we use have with he
when he is the third person can you give
me an example i don’t think i understand
the question
okay let’s go to the break if you missed
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all right uh that’s it for the break
let’s go to the next part i’ll show you
today’s lesson boards if you want to
take a screenshot
please get ready here we go boom okay
so we talked about nouns how to make
basic comparisons with nouns
now we’re going to talk about adjectives
we’re going to talk about
short adjectives there are different
rules
for short and long adjectives okay many
of you are asking questions about
countable and uncountable nouns is this
noun countable is this noun uncountable
again i’m going to put a link
in the description for you to check that
will hopefully answer your questions
this is a
slightly different topic than today’s
lesson
all right ah short adjectives let’s go
let’s talk about
short adjectives uh okay
onward onward onward i don’t seek other
questions
so here we go how to make basic
comparisons with
short adjectives with short adjectives
so
what does short adjective mean this
means
an adjective that is one syllable
to two syllables but two syllable
adjectives for this rule
they end in y so this is an important
point
for this rule for this uh comparison
rule
what’s a syllable what is a syllable a
syllable
is a beat it’s like the beat in a word
so
for example big has one syllable
big we make one beat when we
say the word pretty has two syllables
pretty pretty two syllables
there are two beats in the word
so this part this is the rule we use
for short adjectives words that have one
syllable one beat or they have two
syllables
and they end in y so
how do we make the comparative form
with these the basic way to do it
basically we use the adjective plus
er we add er to the end of the adjective
okay if the adjective
ends in y like pretty
the sound is the same so pretty is an
adjective that ends in y
this short adjective that ends in y
we make it pretty er so the er
sound is the same as this rule however
when we spell the comparative form
the y at the end of the word changes
we drop the y and we add i
e r the spelling changes the sound is
er still okay
then hard to see i know i’m going to
read this part lastly
if this ends if your adjective ends
in consonant vowel
consonant so vowel remember a
e i o u sometimes y
those are the vowels consonants are the
other letters
if your adjective ends in this pattern
like big consonant vowel consonant
double the last consonant that means put
two put two of this consonant the last
consonant
and add er to make
bigger again this is spelling
okay finally if the adjective
ends in e just add r
okay so we’re going to practice this
with a few examples
and of course please send some in the
chat if you’re watching live or so
uh send them in the comments too if
you’re not watching live so
patterns to use these are all present
tense patterns is an r of course you can
use
uh past tense and so on so
for today we’re going to focus on very
basic patterns
so for example a is
or are comparative form
than be so a reminder
in this practice we are using adjectives
this is different from the first part of
the practice today
so a is a noun and b is a noun here
we want to practice making the
comparative form
of an adjective so
you are funnier than me
for example my brother is funnier than
me for example comparative form
some points to note though if you use
this pattern or this pattern this
negative one
a is not as adjective
as b or a
is as adjective as b
there is no change to this adjective we
do not
need to use the comparative form here
so this pattern for example my brother
is not
as funny as me
this uses the basic form so
my brother is not as funnier as me is
incorrect
incorrect do not change your adjective
in the negative
pattern and in this one
to express the two things are equal a
is as adjective as b
okay so let’s look at some examples
first one
gelato is tastier than ice cream
my personal opinion gelato is tastier
than ice cream my adjective here
is tasty tasty ends in y
so i follow this rule right here tastier
than ice cream so i want to express this
thing
is in my opinion better than ice cream
then another one seattle is not as big
as
tokyo seattle is not as big as tokyo so
city size
in this sentence i use this negative
form
so i use the basic adjective seattle a
is not as big as tokyo
no change to this adjective okay
all right someone says tastier so
tastier is
coming from the adjective tasty
something that is tasty tasty is a
casual way
to say delicious delicious
okay some examples are coming good uh
i’m looking for short
adjectives uh nohorah says i’m happier
than my sister good job nice one uh
khanwalji says he is taller than me but
i’m smarter than him
nice example okay someone says alicia is
richer than me
interesting okay uh lob khan says my son
is taller than me good examples
everybody
okay someone says okay there’s a good
example you need to write more
bigger you need to write bigger so
bigger
is the comparative form more bigger is
incorrect
also this is the size i have so
if i write bigger we cannot study all
the grammar points
so okay let’s go oh some other questions
what’s gelato yeah gelato is a
like italian it’s i think it’s from
italy originally
correct me if i’m wrong yeah but it’s
made with a heavy cream
i think instead of milk yeah okay
uh i have to continue to the last point
so this is
short adjectives short adjectives we are
going to finish
today with long adjectives so real
quickly um
real quickly a short break if you missed
it earlier there’s free stuff for you
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okay let’s go to the last part of
today’s lesson
i’m going to share uh the lesson boards
again if you want to take a screenshot
so please get ready
uh here we go okay so
nouns was part one we practiced short
adjectives now we are going to practice
long adjectives long adjectives
so again we need to consider syllables
the beats
in a word syllables yeah okay
um let’s go so
the final part of today’s lesson is
about
these long adjectives so again two
syllables
or more two syllables the beats
of a word yeah so for example beautiful
beautiful has three beats or expensive
has three beats these are long
adjectives we use
this rule for long adjectives
all right let’s go to making the
comparative
form we use more
adjective than so more beautiful than
more expensive than
less adjective than so less beautiful
than
or less exciting than as
adjective as so this expresses equal
two things are equal that movie is as
exciting
as the other movie and a negative form
not as adjective as
so maybe you’ll notice for this one we
don’t have to change the adjective
we don’t have to change the spelling
which is great right but
we need to consider these parts
and a common um some common mistakes i
see with learners
are these parts at the end then
and then with these two more something
than less something than
and with these two as at the end
as to express equality and something
uh that is not equal uses this
as pattern okay um
let’s go to examples then i’m checking
for your questions and your comments
i’ll try to check live
okay let’s look at some examples now
action movies are more exciting
than romance movies action movies are
more exciting than romance movies
so more exciting here is my adjective
no change to the adjective so not more
exciting
but more exciting more exciting
and another point movies this is a
countable noun yeah
action movies are so not action movie is
incorrect incorrect if you want to talk
about
one action movie only that action movie
is more exciting than the other
action movie that’s correct this
sentence
is a general statement about all
action movies action movies generally
are more exciting than romance movies
okay another one my phone bill
this month is less expensive
than my bill last month my phone bill
this month is less expensive than my
bill
last month okay so a comparison using
less again no change to expensive
here all right other examples
uh oh look on be careful on facebook my
car is more expensive than my friend’s
friend apostrophe s if if you use my car
is more expensive than my friend with no
apostrophe s
it means the price of your car and the
price of your friend
you don’t want to compare the price of
your friend your friend has no price
so my friends my friend’s
car okay um
all right i don’t see other examples her
computer is more expensive than yours
says nito good examples okay
one more the bus today was
not as crowded as the bus
yesterday so again the bus today
was not as crowded as
the bus yesterday at native speed i
would say the bus today wasn’t as
crowded as the bus yesterday
we reduced these two the bus today
wasn’t
wasn’t as crowded as the bus yesterday
so crowded
is my adjective meaning lots and lots of
people
okay cool i’m looking for your examples
i do not see um
let’s see jermaine says my cable bill
maybe my cable bill this month
is more expensive than last month okay
so when you want to compare like those
time period ones
this month or this week or last week
it’s sometimes
if it’s not clear it’s a good idea to
mention
the time period so my bill this month
and my bill
this week was more expensive than
last week for example okay
uh shima says alicia is crazy used as a
long or short adjective
crazy follows the short adjective rule
so crazy
two syllables ends in y so please use
the short adjective rule so he is
crazier than she
is okay uh johannes says old cars are
more aesthetic
than modern cars very cool good good
good
uh babna says today today’s today’s
like apostrophe s live stream isn’t
as crowded as don’t forget this as
here oh sorry this one the negative form
not as crowded as regular live streams
okay
uh joel luis hernandez says wasn’t
or wasn’t oh the apostrophe apostrophe
comes between
n and t wasn’t so in this one
was not as crowded i’ll write it here
when you want to make the reduced form
of this pattern
use wasn’t wasn’t as crowded as
your apostrophe comes right here
to reduce this was not becomes wasn’t
your apostrophe is here between n and t
all right uh yarella says uh is
cheaper is that the same as less
expensive yeah
yeah so you can you can choose whichever
you prefer
so i could say my phone bill this month
was cheaper
or is cheaper than my phone bill last
month or i could say
less expensive it’s up to you both are
correct
okay oh my gosh i’m very late i have to
finish
there okay so we have to finish there
for today
uh awesome thanks for your great
questions and your good example
sentences i’ll show you today’s lesson
boards again
so that you can take a picture if you
would like to
okay so this is what we talked about
today we talked about
nouns short adjectives and long
adjectives again i’m going to put a uh
a link in the description the youtube
description if you’re watching on
facebook please check the youtube
description i’ll put a link to
countable and uncountable noun videos
and some of my videos about making
adjective comparisons so that you can
practice
and review and make your sentences
perfect
that would be super cool uh also i’ll be
back next week of course
next week uh next lesson november 18th
we are going to talk about expressing
emotion so actually
you will probably be able to use today’s
grammar
in next week’s lesson so please join me
next week to practice expressing
emotions expressing
feelings how to do that
we’ll cover some vocabulary and some
patterns that you can use to talk about
that
so i hope it’s good okay i will say
goodbye then so please make sure to grab
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as always i will say goodbye for this
week so enjoy the rest of your day
enjoy