English Modal Verb in the Past Could HaveCouldnt Have

okay thank you’s rolling hi everybody

welcome back to our weekly

live stream my name is alicia and in

this week’s live lesson we are going to

talk about

a modal verb in the past this week i’m

going to focus on how to use

could have and the negative form

couldn’t have

we’re going to practice using this to

make statements

and to make questions i’m also going to

talk about

some pronunciation points and also a

couple of common questions people

have with this grammar so i hope that

everyone can find something new

in today’s lesson so as you join please

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thanks everybody for joining us this

week as i said

this week we are going to talk about how

to use

a modal verb in the past i’m going to

cover

could have and couldn’t have this week

so everybody is here let’s look now

at today’s lesson flow so again if you

have not seen our live lessons recently

i am broadcasting from home

i’m using smaller white boards these

days let’s take a look at

our lesson flow if i can push the button

correctly

there we go okay let’s take a look at

our lesson flow first

i’m going to talk about could and could

not have to make

statements this is part one next i’m

going to talk about

how to make questions and kind of when

we use these

and last i’m going to do an f a q

faq means frequently asked questions

so i’m going to cover some common

questions people have about this grammar

okay so let’s get into the first part of

today’s lesson then please

i’m going to begin with this part once i

find my marker i lost my marker

okay let’s talk first then about how to

use this grammar

to make statement statements so

uh first let’s quickly review how

we make this grammar what do we do

when we use could in the past for this

for this lesson this is the basic way

we form the grammar could

plus have plus the past participle form

of a verb

so our subject will be over here

somewhere so i could have he

could have she could have and so on to

make it negative

we use not before have

right here so what does this grammar do

why should we use this grammar we use

could have and could not have to express

past possibility past possibility

so that means we want to talk about

something

that happened or that did not happen in

the past

we just want to express it was possible

or impossible so

to imagine this imagine a timeline so

here’s the past

here’s now our lesson and then into the

future

so when we make a positive could have

past participle verb statement

it refers to something

in the past that was possible

that was possible but a key with this

grammar point is

we just want to talk about it so that

means this thing

it didn’t happen it didn’t happen but we

just

want to imagine that it was possible

okay on the other hand when we make a

negative

could not have something

it refers to something that was not

possible in the past so

again the opposite this thing did happen

but we want to imagine a situation

that is different from the past so a lot

of people ask me like can i just

change could and would can i use them in

the same way the answer is no

they communicate very very different

ideas

i made a modal verbs in the past lesson

about

wood so please check that out if you

have questions about how to use wood i

will put a link to it

after the stream in the youtube

description for this video so please

check that out if you want to understand

the differences

so let’s practice uh

some positive and some negative

statements and if you have one please

send it in the chat i will try

to check your answers live and give you

some feedback

so let’s take a look at this sentence if

i

had studied i could have passed the test

if i had studied i could have passed the

test

here we see a very common grammar

pattern

with this could have pattern with this

could have structure

it’s very common to see these kinds of

structures with an if statement so if

something something something usually if

plus this past perfect because

we’re talking about a past situation

yeah

or a past imaginary situation so it’s

very common to see an

if i had something something i could

have

something something so this is a very

common uh

structure you can practice this one so

what is happening in this sentence

first here’s our could have and

past is the past participle form of the

verb

i could have passed the test if i had

studied

so what does this mean it means

i did not study first i did not study

but i want to imagine

if i had if i had studied

i could have passed the test that means

in the past

there was a past possibility

of passing the test but

i did not pass the test why probably

because

i didn’t study so again we want to just

imagine

past possibility okay

let’s look at a negative sentence and

then i’ll come to

the chat to try to check some of your

examples okay

so a negative sentence we could not

have achieved our goals without our

great

team once more we could not

have achieved our goals without our

great team so this is a negative

could not have achieved is the past

participle form of

achieve we could not have achieved our

goals

then what is happening here so we are

expressing

a negative yeah so that means achieved

our goals this is the action

the activity kind of we want to express

that action in the past

there was no possibility for it but

we had a great team so this this

without means if it’s like saying

if we had not had a great team

if we had not had our great team we

would not or we could not have achieved

our goals

so this without is like a short way a

very short

quick way of saying uh had not had or

if we had not had very convenient

this word so here is how we use it for a

negative

so this is a compliment to our team yeah

okay great i will come for your example

sentences now uh

try to make an example sentence too uh

silva says if i had studied with alicia

before i could have had a better english

level all right pretty good

to make the last part i could have

had maybe a better english level we

might say i could have

maybe achieved a higher english level

uh i could have slept but instead i

studied english good

okay good good good oh jantani says if i

had a good education

i could have had a beautiful life so

make sure

when your verb is have and then the next

verb is

have as well could have had

i could have had okay

on facebook barrage says if i hadn’t

gone to the hospital

oh i wouldn’t now that’s a wooden

example sentence good

we’re practicing good today i wouldn’t

have had chronic pain it’s correct

though nice sentence uh

let’s see jose says we could not have

assessed the facility without the audit

checklist

nice perfect and great vocabulary in

that okay

um what happened to your board i’m

teaching from my house

so okay um

deepak on youtube says if i had enough

money

maybe if i had had because again

we are talking about the past yeah if i

had had enough money

i could have purchased a netflix

subscription

for a year for a year great okay nice

examples everybody

let’s look at two more longer examples i

want to show some kind of

natural long examples that use this

grammar

and then we’ll go to part two so another

positive sentence

you could have come hiking with us

if you had arrived in town earlier

you could have come hiking with us if

you had arrived in town earlier

so what’s happening here you could have

come this is our could have structure

the activity was hiking

you could have come hiking with us

here’s our if again so a very common

pattern

if with this if you had arrived in town

earlier earlier this point right here

early year is it common a very common is

rather is where i see a very common

mistake in learners

many learners say if you had arrived in

town

early early the reason this

has to be this must be early year

is because we are expressing earlier

than the time you actually arrived

earlier than the time you actually read

so if i arrived in town at two o’clock

p.m

but uh in order to go hiking

i had to arrive at 12 o’clock

that’s earlier than the time i actually

arrived so we have to use the

comparative form

here if you could have come hiking with

us if you had arrived in town earlier so

this sentence

just makes the if part last

in the sentence you can switch it so if

can come at the beginning

okay one more negative example then we

will go to part

two our manager was in meetings

all morning so she couldn’t have had

time to review

the documents we sent again

our manager was in meetings all morning

so she couldn’t have had time to review

the documents we sent so what is

happening in this sentence

there’s no if right what’s going on so

we’re talking about this past condition

where our manager was in

meeting so in meetings means she was

busy she was

attending meetings all morning

so she couldn’t have had

that means it was impossible

she had time to review the documents we

sent

she couldn’t have had time to review the

documents we sent

and again here i’ve used have

and the next verb is also have but i

have to use

the past participle form of the verb so

have had she couldn’t have had time to

review the documents

we sent okay

what else what are your example

sentences uh i’m looking for your

notifications

uh says if i had learned a new language

i could have spoken with new people

great nice example sentence nice example

sentence

uh okay i think you guys have got it i

think everybody’s doing great with this

grammar nicely done

uh let’s take a quick break and then

we’ll continue to part

two part two ah you can send your

examples

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okay um we will continue on now

so if you’re just joining today’s lesson

is

about a modal verb could we’re

practicing using

could have and couldn’t have in this

week’s lesson so if you have not already

please make

sure to like and share the video so that

other people

can find today’s lesson alrighty

so let’s move on to part two i’m going

to show you again

today’s lesson boards you can take a

picture if you like

so here we go could and could not

have statements this was part one for

today

now i’m going to talk now i’m going to

talk about

part two part two is going to cover

questions questions so i’m going to talk

about yes no and information

questions let’s go all right some of you

are asking me about the link

for those pdfs i showed if you’re

watching on youtube check

the description not the chat box check

the description

alrighty let’s go to part two questions

how to make questions with could

it’s kind of tricky i think so let’s

practice

okay so could and could not have

questions questions how do we make

questions with this grammar

i have one pattern listed here

but actually there are two question

structures

inside it so we begin this question

pattern

with whq whq that means a wh

question who what when where why

how also so whq

could plus subject

plus have and past participle

verb we can also use a negative here

couldn’t subject have past participle

verb

but an important note

when we use the negative here this

negative

question pattern is usually used to make

confirmation questions what does that

mean a confirmation question

that means when you want to ask someone

is this right

is that right we use this negative

couldn’t pattern that’s usually what we

use it we typically

don’t use this wh question plus the

negative form

we usually use this negative form to

check

something okay let’s continue then

i’m going to introduce a bunch of

different examples

of questions questions yes or no

questions

and information questions the first one

this is one i included because you can

use this question

to get feedback feedback especially

if you make a mistake you can use this

at work

you can use it at school as well the

question is what

could i have done better what

could i have done better so this

question

there’s a lot actually there’s a lot of

information in this question

it’s like saying i understand

my performance was a little low or my

performance

was very low maybe at work or at school

so you ask your co-worker or your boss

or your teammate

what could i have done better so that

means

in the past what choice or what

different action should i have taken

so what could i have done better than i

did in other words

so this is an example of a positive

information question

okay another one this is another very

common one

and this is a confirmation question you

can use

uh in many different situations here i

chose this example

you’re late you’re late couldn’t you

have texted couldn’t you have texted so

to text means to pick up your phone and

send a text message

to say i’m late i’m late i’m going to be

late

so you’re late couldn’t you have texted

this means wasn’t it possible

for you to text me in other words but

this is a very

short and easy way to say it couldn’t

you have texted

again you cannot change could for would

in this example so you cannot use uh

would here

you’re late couldn’t you have texted you

can use that

and you can use a different verb too

you’re late couldn’t you have called

something like that so this is a very

common

negative question here’s another one

that you can use if you are maybe

working

in a team so maybe like doing research

or looking at data

data analysis or something so

this is where could

we have made a mistake

where could we have made a mistake

so again past

and we’re asking hmm

it’s kind of like again we’re looking

for feedback but in a group

like uh did we do something wrong

if so where is it possible it was here

or here

so again this is about this is like a

group kind of feedback or a group

discussion question

where could we have made a mistake i

don’t know

okay uh another one this

is a good pattern for arguments for

arguments

uh let’s see so how could i

have known you got a new

phone number you didn’t tell me how

could i have known you got a new phone

number

so that means how there was no

possibility

for me to know you got a new phone

number

how could i have known how was it

possible

for me to know you didn’t tell me so

you can change this part right here so

how could i have known blah blah blah

how could i have known

uh you moved to a new apartment or how

could i have known

you cancelled uh the reservation so

some kind of uh like key update you can

put a key update here how could i have

known

you got a new phone number so this uh

expresses

kind of a frustrated feeling like i’m

angry i didn’t know some information

but maybe the other person isn’t very

logical like they’re mad

you didn’t call but you didn’t know they

had a new phone number

so this is a good one for arguments how

could i have known that

okay one more question pattern

uh this one who could have taken

my coffee i thought i was the only

person in the office today

who could have taken my coffee so this

is a good one

to use when you are thinking by yourself

you’re thinking by yourself

you’re like what what happened who could

have

taken in this case so you can change

this verb

of course to match what you’re wondering

about

like hmm who could have called me just

now

i don’t know that phone number so you

can change this verb of course

for when you’re wondering about

something

who could have done

that action in this case who could have

taken my coffee

i thought i was the only person in the

office so this is when

your coffee just disappears strangely i

don’t know maybe it’s happened to you

okay so this is how we use could

and could not have to make questions to

make questions

okay uh let’s see

i’m looking for your examples now rascal

says how could i have known that you

were in the usa

very nice okay uh bhavna

who could have eaten my pizza good who

could have

eaten eaten who could have

eaten my pizza so

make sure this eaten is the past

participle

verb form here past participle verb

uh what could i have done to make up for

my mistake very nice

very nice uh other examples

who could have stolen my keys very nice

okay good good examples everybody on

facebook i’m looking for your example

um let’s see

raquel says can we say could plus

present perfect uh

in this grammar no we cannot say that

like could

uh has like he could has

something or other no we cannot use a

present perfect

after this we need to use at half half

so separate grammar points there okay

others uh raquel says what could have

happened

with my cell phone very nice okay

fantastic nice job with questions

everybody great so i hope you found a

useful pattern

here this one again good for feedback

this one good for when you’re frustrated

with someone’s poor communication skills

uh oh other examples are coming in now

fantastic who could have stolen my book

perfect

okay how could i have known she was your

girlfriend oh

douglas very nice example kind of

scandalous

on facebook uh china says who could have

taken my place

very nice example uh asiyasuki

says how could i have known you bought

a house be careful you bought a house

brought

means bring to bring a house maybe not

bring

so how could i have known you bought a

house okay

roger how could i have known about modal

verbs here

by studying maybe yeah good example

sentence

uh who could have picked up my ball pen

who could have picked up my ball pen

stacy uh

zaid says who could have taken my car oh

very nice example sentence very nice

example

okay new on youtube says who could have

sent messages to me i don’t give my

phone number to anyone good

very very close so maybe a good practice

point for many of you make sure you use

the past

participle verb form when you’re making

your questions here

okay let’s continue to the last part of

today’s lesson

if you’re just joining today’s lesson is

about modal verbs in the past we are

focusing i’ll show you the lesson title

if you’re just joining

if you’re just joining today’s lesson

focus is modal verbs in the past i’m

talking about how to use

could have and couldn’t have so

we’re going to go to the final part

of today’s lesson uh real quick i will

show you again

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let’s go to the last part of today’s

lesson uh also if you’re just joining

please make sure to like and share the

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all right

i’ll show you today’s lesson uh flow

once more you can take a picture if you

like

means frequently asked questions

frequently asked questions ah

all right so let’s go to that let me get

this out of here

all right faq

what are your frequently asked questions

so frequently asked questions things

i notice you ask me about is frequently

asked questions here

first i want to talk about this

use of could have and could not have

i think many uh many people get kind of

confused

about how to use this with been

could have been or could not have been

when we use this

grammar pattern with the verb be

we can make a statement about a

condition

or we can also use it to create a

passive sentence so i want to share a

couple of examples

because the grammar the grammar is the

same as the grammar

we talked about before we make the

sentence in the same way

but we follow the verb

with some different information so we’re

following the verb with

a condition or a status or like a job

so for example if i had studied harder

when i was a kid i could have

been a doctor if i had studied harder

when i was a kid

i could have been a doctor so here could

have been a doctor this is like a

condition we can think of it like

condition or a status my status

could have been doctor so this means

i am not a doctor but i want to imagine

the possibility in the past so we can do

that by using

bin here let’s look at a negative

example of this

this is a conversation so person a

says was that risa risa

was that risa person b says no

that couldn’t have been risa

she’s working from home today no

that couldn’t have been risa she’s

working from home today

so this expresses that it’s not

possible that that person

is risa so when you use a person’s

name here of course

it’s it’s kind of strange to imagine

it’s like a condition

or something like that uh so it’s

uh it’s it’s okay to use a person’s name

here when you’re

talking when you’re asking like is that

so-and-so or is that so-and-so

so couldn’t have been risa okay finally

one more example another coffee stealing

example my coffee’s gone

says person a my coffee’s gone and b

hmm could it have been taken by someone

else

could it have been taken by someone else

so

this is a passive structure yeah could

it have been

taken by someone else

or by someone is also okay so we can use

this bin

taken to create those passive structures

as well this will create yes

an even more uh what should i say an

even deeper

uh more complex sentence okay

so this is how we use bin i wanted to

cover that

the final point for today is an easy one

uh one that everyone can consider

pronunciation point so could have

could have and couldn’t have i in this

lesson

i have been using very clear

pronunciation

to focus on today’s grammar point

however

in everyday speech we don’t say could

have

and could not have or couldn’t have

in everyday speech could have sounds

like coulda

coulda and couldn’t have sounds like

couldn’t note this is for spoken

english only it’s not used in writing we

do not use

kuda and kudna in writing this is for

your spoken english only

so a couple i’ll read a couple examples

so i could have been

a doctor at native speed sounds like i

could have been a doctor

i could have been a doctor or that

couldn’t have been risa sounds like no

that couldn’t have been risa

no that couldn’t have been risa so

couldn’t

couldn’t have been in this case or could

have been

sounds like could have been could have

been so the key difference is this could

this comes in with the negative form

couldn’t have sounds like couldn’t

couldn’t

so you might think oh my gosh coulda and

couldn’t

sound so different but there’s a

different rhythm there

coulda couldn’t so listen for this

uh in your listening practice that

little sound

creates the negative form in everyday

speech okay

uh we’ll finish there wow that was great

that was a lot but i think we

got it um i’m looking now in the chat

for your questions nice example

sentences today everybody

great work with that some questions are

coming in how do i spell

architecture if you have a spelling

question i would suggest

using google but your spelling is good

just remove one c there

uh where can i get free pdf lessons

check the link below the video

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uh nura says so questions statements

like who could have uh don’t have

subjects after could right yes that’s

correct that’s correct

so i introduced in the question part of

today’s lesson

i introduced this one this question

pattern

um but yes when you where was your

question

uh when you’re asking like these kind of

wondering

style questions who could have blah blah

yeah you don’t have to

uh you don’t need to put a subject right

here

you’re kind of wondering who did this

thing

but you don’t always have to have that

that’s correct

okay other questions i don’t

see any uh some other examples are

coming in

um all right that looks good to me

so i’ll end there for this week thank

you as always

for joining me live it was very fun

a lot of good fun uh i’m gonna show you

the next lesson’s details i’ll be back

next week as always

next week uh next week oh my gosh august

12th

that reminds me this week’s lesson is

our three year anniversary of live

streams wow

time flies can you believe it so next

week we’ll be back

august 12th wednesday august 12th at 10

pm eastern

standard time 15 phrasal verbs

for work and for school hooray phrasal

verbs

everybody always asks me for help about

phrasal verbs

so i’m going to cover 15 phrasal verbs

that you can use at your job or that you

can use at school

i hope that these are helpful for you

right now uh ah anna lucia thank you so

much for your support in the youtube

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the video if you are watching on

facebook

this is all free stuff to practice

conversational phrases and vocabulary i

will say goodbye so thanks so much

for liking and sharing this lesson enjoy

the rest of your week enjoy

the rest of your day and i will see you

again soon bye

好的，谢谢大家，大家好，

欢迎回到我们每周的

直播我的名字是艾丽西亚，在

本周的直播课中，我们将

讨论

过去本周的情态动词，我

将专注于如何使用

可能有和 不能有否定形式

我们要练习用它

来做陈述和提问 我还要

谈谈

一些发音点以及

人们对这个语法的一些常见问题所以我希望

每个人 可以

在今天的课程中找到新的东西所以加入请

确保

在聊天中发送消息以便我们向您问好

也请确保喜欢并

分享视频以便其他人可以

找到今天的

课程呃我们 像往常一样等待

几个快速

公告 我将带走

课程标题

有这个免费横幅免费横幅

屏幕底部的这个横幅

关于免费的

pdf 课程你可以获得一堆

免费的词汇表来做 wnload

这些是几个例子我只是

在看这个这个在线谈话的

一个我认为这对现在真的很有帮助

这些是备忘单所以基本上是一个

快速

参考或对话主题的快速指南

这个是关于在线谈话的

所以

您可以在这种情况下使用的词汇单词和表达

常用英语互联网词汇和

常用短语所以这

是我刚才在看的我

认为这是最近的一个

不错所以你可以查看这个

等等 稍后我会向您展示更多内容，

如果您在 youtube 上观看，您可以从视频下方的链接中找到此

内容

如果您对任何

与英语有关的问题有疑问 如果您有语法

问题 如果您想知道

一些相似词汇之间的区别 如果您

有与文化相关的问题 无论如何 r

你可以在这里把它们发给我 请把

它们发给我

，我们的英文 QA 系列叫做问

艾丽西亚

101 类 youtube 频道

嗯，你可以找到，在那里搜索 ask

alicia

，你会发现它应该很令人兴奋

，

所以今天的公告就是这样

facebook 我

来找你太好了 看起来

每个人都在那里 youtube 我会

先和你打个招呼 elvin new conway 你好 krish

wilbur 你好很酷 vishnu 你好 wahab 你好

非常感谢你的到来

和在 facebook 呃我看到很多 你们在

Facebook

嗨，黑手党，呃，

伊斯梅尔，你好，索菲亚，嗨，米格尔，你好，斯坦利·拉希德，你好，

感谢大家本周加入我们，

正如我本周所说，

我们将讨论过去

如何使用情

态动词，我将

介绍

本来可以 这周不能有

所以大家都在这里让我们现在

看看今天的课程流程如果你

最近没有看过我们的现场课程

我正在家里广播

这些天我正在使用更小的白板

让我们来看看

我们的课程 流程 如果我能正确按下按钮

我们就可以了 让我们先看看

我们的课程流程

提出问题以及

我们何时使用这些

和

最后的类型 那么请

我从这部分开始，一旦我

找到我的标记，我丢失了我的标记，

好吧，让我们先谈谈如何

使用这个语法

来做陈述，所以

首先让我们快速回顾一下

我们是如何制作这个语法的，我们该怎么做

当我们使用 co uld in the past

for this 本课这是

我们形成语法的基本方式 can

plus have 加上动词的过去分词

形式，

所以我们的主题将在这里

某处，所以我可以拥有他

可以拥有她可以拥有等等 为了

使其否定，

我们在这里使用 not before have

right here 那么这个语法是做什么的，

为什么我们应该使用这个语法，我们使用

could have 和 could not have to表达

过去的可能性过去的

可能性，这意味着我们想谈论

发生的事情或那个 过去没有发生，

我们只是想表达它是可能的

或不可能的，

所以想象一下这是一个时间线，所以

这是过去

，现在是我们的课程，然后是

未来，

所以当我们做出肯定时，它可能有

过去分词动词陈述

对于

过去可能发生的

事情是可能的，但这个

语法点的关键是

我们只想谈论它，这

意味着这件事

它没有发生它没有发生但我们

只是

想 nt去想象它是可能

的 从过去，

很多人问我，我可以改变一下吗？

我能不能

以同样的方式使用它们？答案是否定的，

它们传达的想法非常不同

如果您

对如何使用木材有疑问，我

会

在该视频的 youtube 说明中的流之后放置一个链接，

所以请

检查一下，如果您想

了解差异，

那么让我们练习

一些积极和消极的

陈述 如果你有，请

在聊天中发送，我会

尝试实时检查你的答案并给你

一些反馈，

所以让我们看看这句话，如果

我学习过，我可以通过测试，

如果我有 d 研究了我可以在这里通过

测试

我们看到一个非常常见的语法

模式

with this 可能有模式 with this

可能有结构

很常见的是用 if 语句看到这些类型的

结构所以如果

某事某事某事通常如果

加上过去完美 因为

我们谈论的是过去的情况，

是的，

或者过去想象的情况，所以

很常见的是，

如果我有什么东西，我可以

有

什么东西，所以这是一个非常

常见的

结构，你可以练习这个结构，

所以发生了什么 这句话

首先是我们可以拥有的，

过去是动词的过去分词形式，

如果我学习过，我本可以通过测试

所以这是什么意思这意味着

我没有先学习我没有学习，

但我想想象

如果我 如果我学习过，

我可以通过考试，这意味着

过去有

通过考试的可能性，但

我没有通过考试，为什么可能是

因为

我没有学习 再次，我们想

想象

过去的可能性，好吧，

让我们看一个否定句，

然后我会

来聊天室尝试检查你的一些

例子，好吧

，

如果没有我们伟大的团队，我们不可能再次实现我们的目标

没有我们伟大的团队，我们不可能实现我们的目标，

所以这是一个否定的

不可能实现是实现的

过去分词形式，

我们无法实现我们的

目标，

那么这里发生的事情，所以我们

表示否定，是的，这意味着实现

我们的目标 这是行动

我们想要表达的活动类型

没有我们伟大的团队，我们

不会或我们无法实现

我们的目标，

所以这就像一条捷径，一种

非常

简短的快速表达方式

所以这就是我们如何使用它来表示

否定，

所以这是对我们团队的

赞美 有一个更好的英语

水平 很好

可以做最后一部分 我

本来可以有更好的英语水平 我们

可以说我

可以达到更高的英语水平

哦，jantani 说如果

我受过良好的教育，

我本可以过上美好的生活，所以请

确保你的动词是 have，然后下一个

动词是

have

去医院了

哦，我现在不会，那是一个木制的

例句好

我们今天正在练习很好我不会

有慢性疼痛这是正确的，

虽然很好的句子呃

让我们看看 jose 说我们无法

评估没有 a 的设施 udit

checklist

很好的完美和很棒的词汇

，好吧，

嗯，你的董事会发生了什么事，我在我

家教书，所以好吧，youtube 上的 um deepak 说如果我有足够的

钱，

也许如果我有，因为

我们又在谈论过去，是的，如果 我

有足够的钱

我可以购买一年的 netflix

订阅

一年很好很好很好的

例子大家

让我们再看两个更长的例子我

想展示

一些使用这种语法的自然长例子

然后我们会去 第二部分，所以另一个

积极的句子

，

如果你早点到达城里，

你可以和我们一起远足如果你早点到城，你可以和我们一起远足

所以这里发生的事情你可以

来这是我们的

结构 活动是远足

你本可以和我们一起远足

这是我们的如果再次如此这是一个非常常见的

模式

一个非常常见的问题

是我在学习者中看到一个非常常见的

错误

许多学习者说如果你早早到达

城里

的原因

必须是这一定是年初

是因为我们表达

的时间早于你实际到达的

时间 比你实际阅读的时间，

所以如果我下午两点到达

城里，但是为了去远足，

我必须在 12 点到达，

这比我实际到达的时间早，

所以我们必须使用

比较表

在这里，如果你早点到达城里，你可以和我们一起远足，

所以

这句话

只是把 if 部分

放在句子的最后，你可以切换它，所以 if

可以在开头出现，

好吧，再举一个反面例子，然后

我们就去part

2 我们的经理整个上午都在开会，

所以她没有

时间查看

我们再次发送的文件

我们的经理整个上午都在开会，

所以她没有时间查看

我们发送的文件，所以这里

发生了什么 句子

没有如果是正确的，所以

我们谈论的是过去的情况

，我们的经理正在

开会，所以在会议中意味着她

很忙，她

整个早上都在参加会议，

所以她不可能有

这意味着

她不可能有 是时候查看我们发送的文件了，

她没有时间查看

我们发送

的文件，在这里我再次使用 have

，下一个动词也是 have，但我

必须使用

动词的过去分词形式，所以

have had 她没有时间

查看

我们发送的文件好吧

还有什么你的

例句呃我正在寻找你的

通知

呃说如果我学会了一门新语言

我可以和新人交谈

很好很好的例句很好 例句

嗯，好吧，我想你们已经知道了

r 如果您之前

错过了它，如果您之前错过了它

，如果

您在 youtube 上观看，则在

视频下方的链接中快速打破；

如果您在 facebook 上观看，则在视频上方的链接

有一个

链接，您可以在其中下载免费

词汇

例如 pdfs 这个在

超市里

这个说唱歌 我知道，但这

实际上是关于

音乐 这里的主题是音乐 所以很关键，

比如

音乐词汇单词和短语，比如

音乐的会话短语，

所以这些 pdf 可以帮助你

提高，就像 uh key 嗯

谈话要点 谈话的

关键话题 所以这些

只是几个 我之前给你看了这个

有一堆你可以选择一堆

休闲活动 所以看看这些

你可以从视频下方的链接或视频上方的链接中获取它们

englishclass101.com

嗯，你的语法应该

很好，

嗯，我们现在继续，

所以如果你只是加入今天的课程

是

关于情态动词的，我们可以练习使用吗？

在

本周的课程中，如果您还没有，

请

确保喜欢并分享该视频，以便

其他人

可以找到今天的课程，

所以让我们继续第二部分，我将

再次向您展示

今天的课程 课板，

如果你愿意

，你可以拍照所以我们可以和不能

有陈述这是

今天的第一部分

现在我要谈谈现在我要

谈谈第二

部分第二部分将涵盖

问题 问题，所以我要谈论的

是，否和信息

问题，让我们走吧，你们中的一些人

在问我关于

我显示的那些 pdf 的链接，如果你

在 youtube 上观看，请

检查描述而不是聊天框

检查描述

好吗 让我们进入第二部分问题

如何用它提出问题

我认为这有点棘手所以让我们

练习

好吧所以可以和不能有

问题我们如何

用这个语法提出问题

我在这里列出了一个模式

但实际上在那里 里面有两个问题

结构

，所以我们以 whq whq 开始这个问题

模式

，这意味着 wh

问题 who what when where why

how so

whq can 加上主语

加 have 和过去分词

动词，我们也可以在这里使用否定词法

不能主语 have 过去分词

动词，

但是

当我们在这里使用否定词时要注意这个

否定

问题模式通常用于提出

确认问题 那是什么

意思 ’t pattern 那通常是我们

使用的模式 我们通常

不使用这个 wh 问题加上

否定形式

我们通常使用这个否定形式来

检查

一些东西 好吧 让我们继续然后

我将介绍一堆

不同

的问题示例 是的 或者没有

问题

和信息问题第一个

这是我包括的一个因为你可以

使用这个问题

来获得反馈反馈特别是

如果你 你犯了一个错误你可以

在工作

中使用它你也可以在学校使用它

问题是

我可以做得更好

什么我可以做得更好所以这个

问题

有很多

实际上这个问题

中有很多信息就像 说我知道

我的表现有点低，或者我的

表现非常低，可能是在工作或学校里，

所以你问你的同事、老板

或你的队友

，我可以做得更好，这

意味着过去有什么选择或什么

我应该采取不同的行动，

所以我可以做得比我

做得更好，

换句话说，这是一个正面信息问题的例子，

好吧，另一个，这是另一个非常

常见的

问题，这是一个确认问题，你

可以

在很多情况下使用 不同的情况在这里我

选择了这个例子

你迟到了 你迟到了 你

不能发短信 你不能发短信 所以

to text 意思是拿起你的电话并

发送

短信说我迟到了 晚了我要走了 g to be

late

所以你迟到了 你不能发短信吗

这意味着

你

不可能给

我发短信

在这个例子中不能

改变 can 代表 will 所以你不能

使用 所以这是一个非常

常见的

负面问题

如果您可能在一个团队中工作，那么您可以使用另一个问题，

所以可能喜欢做研究

或查看数据

数据分析之类的东西，所以

这就是

我们可能在

哪里犯了错误 犯了一个错误，

所以又过去了

，我们问嗯，

这有点像我们再次在

寻找反馈，但是在一个像呃这样的小组中，

如果是这样的话，

我们做错了什么吗？ 这就像

小组反馈或小组

讨论问题

我们可能在哪里犯了错误我

不知道

好吧另一个这

是争论争论的好模式

呃让我们看看我

怎么知道你有一个新

电话号码你没有告诉我我怎么

能 知道你有一个新电话

号码，这意味着

我怎么不可能知道你有一个新电话

号码

我怎么

可能知道你没有告诉我所以

你可以改变这个 部分就在这里，所以

我怎么知道等等等等

，我怎么知道

你搬到了新公寓，或者

我怎么知道

你取消了预订，所以

某种呃，比如密钥更新，你可以

在这里放一个密钥更新 我怎么会

知道

你有一个新的电话号码，所以这表达

了一种沮丧的感觉，就像我很

生气我不知道一些信息，

但也许对方不太

合乎逻辑，就像他们生气

你没有' 不打电话，但你不知道他们

有一个新的电话号码，

所以这是一个 一个很好的争论

我怎么知道

好的，还有一个问题模式

呃这个可以

喝我咖啡的人我以为我是

今天办公室里

唯一可以喝我咖啡的人所以这

是一个很好

的使用 你自己在想

我不知道那个电话号码，所以你

当然可以改变这个动词，

因为当你想知道

在这种情况下谁可以做那个动作谁可以

喝我的咖啡时，

我以为我是办公室里唯一的人，

所以 这是当

你的咖啡奇怪地消失的时候我

不知道也许它发生在你身上

好吧所以这就是我们如何使用可以

也不能必须提出问题来

提出问题

好吧呃让我们看看

我正在寻找你的例子现在流氓

说 如何 我能知道

你在美国

吗 非常好 好的 呃 bhavna

谁可以吃我的披萨 很好

谁可以吃 可以

吃我的披萨 所以请

确保这个吃的是过去分词

动词形式 这里过去分词动词

呃什么 我能做些什么来弥补

我的错误吗非常好

非常好呃其他

可能偷了我的钥匙的例子很好

很好很好的例子

Facebook上的每个人我正在寻找你的例子

嗯让我们看看

raquel说我们可以说可以加上礼物吗

在这个语法中完美 uh 不，我们不能说

like could

uh has like he could have

something or other no 我们不能在此之后使用

现在完成时

，我们需要使用一半，

所以单独的语法点在那里好吧，

其他人，呃，拉奎尔说什么可以有

发生

在我的手机上 很好

很好 很好 很好 有问题

每个人都很好 所以我希望你在这里找到一个

有用的模式

这个再次适合反馈

这个适合你沮丧的时候

某人的沟通能力很差

呃 哦 其他例子现在出现了

太棒了 谁可能偷了我的书

非常好的例子 uh asiyasuki

说我怎么知道你

买了房子小心你买了房子

带来了

意味着带来带来房子也许不

带来

所以我怎么知道你买了房子

好吧

罗杰我怎么会知道 modal

动词在这里

通过学习也许是的很好例句

呃谁可以拿起我的圆珠笔

谁可以拿起我的圆珠笔

本来

可以给我发信息的

ple 动词形式，当你在

这里提出问题时，

让我们继续今天课程的最后一部分，

如果你刚刚加入今天的课程是

关于过去的情态动词，我们

关注的是我会告诉你课程标题

如果你

如果你刚刚加入，则重新加入今天的课程

重点是过去的情态动词我正在

谈论如何使用

可能有和不可能有所以

我们将进入

今天课程的最后部分呃真的很快 我将

再次向您展示

一些词汇资源，以帮助

您学习，您可以选择一个或

一堆 练习特定的词汇

或特定的对话这是

我知道的旅行，

但是有一个词汇列表，呃

，背面的短语列表，

呃基本短语，所以这些真的是

这个对初学者来说真的非常好

我认为呃还有另一个

很好

的 体育和电子 xercise 我知道这是一个

对我来说很重要

的话题，所以你可以

看看任何这些你可以下载所有

的有很多你可以免费下载的

商业对许多人来说总是很重要

你们中的我知道，所以

如果您在 youtube 上观看，请从视频下方的链接中查看描述，

如果您在 facebook 上观看，请查看聊天上方或此视频上方的内容

，以便一切顺利，

让我们进入最后一部分 今天的

课uh还有如果你是刚加入的

请一定要点赞分享

视频

让其他人可以找到今天的课

我给你看今天的课uh flow

再一次你喜欢的可以拍照

表示经常 被问的问题

常见问题 啊，

好吧，让我们去那个 让我把

这个从这

里弄出来 好吧 常见问题

你的常见问题是什么

如此常见的问题

我注意到你问我的事情是常见

问题 这里的问题

首先我想谈谈

could have和could not have

的这种

用法 动词 be

我们可以对一个条件进行陈述，

或者我们也可以用它来创建一个

被动句，所以我想分享

几个例子，

因为语法语法

与

我们在造句之前讨论的语法相同

以同样的方式，

但我们在动词

后面加上一些不同的信息，所以我们在动词后面

加上条件或状态或喜欢一份

工作，例如，如果我小时候学习更努力

，我可能会

成为一名医生

当我还是个孩子的时候学习更努力

我本可以成为一名医生，所以这里

可能是一名医生 这就像一种

情况，我们可以把它想象成

一种情况或一种状态 我的状态

可能是医生，所以这意味着

我不是医生 但我想我 gine

过去的可能性，所以我们可以

通过

在这里使用 bin 来做到这一点让我们看一个负面的

例子

这是一个对话，所以人 a

说是 risa

是那个 risa 人 b 说不

，那不可能是 risa

她是 今天在家工作 不

，这不可能是 risa 她

今天在家工作，

所以这表示那个人不可能

是 risa 所以当你在这里使用一个人的

名字时，当然

想象它就像一个条件有点奇怪

或者类似的东西，呃，所以是的

好吧，最后

再举一个例子，另一个偷

咖啡的例子，我的咖啡不见了，

说人 a 我的咖啡不见了，b

嗯，它可能被别人拿走了，

它可能被别人拿走了，

所以

这是一个被动结构，是的，

它可能被别人

拿走了 别人

或b y 某人也可以，所以我们也可以使用

这个

bin 来创建那些被动结构

，这将创建 yes

一个更 uh 我应该说什么 一个

更深的

uh 更复杂的句子

好的，这就是我们如何使用 bin 我想

覆盖

今天的最后一点很简单，

嗯，每个人都可以考虑

发音点，所以

本节课我可以有和不能有我

一直使用非常清晰的

发音

来关注今天的语法点

但是

在日常演讲中我们 不要说 could

have

和 could not have 或could not have

在日常用语中 可能有

类似 cana

cana 和不可能有类似的声音

kuda 和 kudna 写这篇文章是为了

你的英语口语，

所以我会读几个例子，

这样我就可以

以本地速度成为一名医生，听起来我

可以成为一名医生，

我可以成为一名医生，或者那

不能 吨 已经是 risa 听起来好像没有

那不可能

this could

this come in with thenegative form

不可能有听起来像can’t

can’t

所以你可能会想哦，天哪，

不可能

听起来如此不同，但

有不同的节奏，

可能不能听这个

嗯，在你的听力练习中，

小声音

会在日常演讲中产生负面形式，

好吧，

嗯，我们会在那里完成哇，这很棒

，但我想我们

明白了，嗯，我现在正在聊天中

寻找你的问题很好的例子

今天的句子每个人都

很好，有一些问题

来了，

如果你有拼写

问题，我如何拼写建筑，我建议

使用谷歌，但你的拼写很好，

只需删除一个 c，

呃，我在哪里可以获得免费的 pdf 课程

检查下面的链接 吨 他的视频，

如果你在 youtube 上观看，你是

youtube 一个人，如果你在

facebook 上观看，请查看视频上方的链接

以获取

您需要的人您的姓名和电子邮件地址

之后有

科目 可以 对 没错 没错 没错

所以我在今天课程的问题部分中

介绍了 我介绍了这个问题

模式

本来可以胡说八道的，

是的，你不必，

呃，你不需要在这里放一个主题

，

你有点想知道这件事是谁做

的，

但你不必总是这样，

这是正确的，

我不知道其他问题 没有

看到任何其他的例子

，

嗯，好吧，这对我来说很好，

所以我会在这周结束，谢谢

你一如既往

地加入我的现场，这很

有趣，很多很好的乐趣，嗯，我会的 给你看

下一课 详情 我

下周会像往常一样

下周回来 呃下周哦，天哪 8 月

12 日

这让我想起了本周的课程是

我们的直播三周年

哇

时间过得真快，你能相信吗，所以

下周我们将在

8 月回来 东部标准时间 8 月 12 日 8 月 12 日星期三晚上 10

点

15 个

用于工作和学校的短语动词 万岁短语

动词

每个人总是向我寻求有关

短语动词的帮助，

所以我将介绍 15 个

可以在工作中使用或你可以使用的短语动词

可以在学校使用，

我希望这些现在对你有帮助，

嗯，安娜露西亚，

非常感谢你在 youtube

聊天中的支持，这太棒了，超级酷，

嗯，所以这将是下周，请加入

我的

直播或在你方便的时候观看 您

可以

在我们的频道或 youtube 或 facebook 上设置通知，

以确保

您可以实时加入我们 facebook 上的一些人也在

询问 youtube 频道 是的，我们确实有一个

youtube 频道，您可以在其中查看

我们所有的 课程是 youtube.com

只需搜索

英语课 101

即可找到我们，所以我会在那里说再见

如果您在 youtube 或以上观看，请务必查看您可以从视频下方链接获得的免费内容

如果您在 facebook 上观看该视频，

这是练习

会话短语和词汇的所有免费内容，我

会说再见，非常

感谢您喜欢和分享这节课

很快再见