Negative and Interrogative Forms of HAVE TO
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hi everybody my name is Alisha in this
lesson I’m going to talk about how to
use have to I’m going to focus on using
have to to make negative statements and
to make two kinds of questions so let’s
get started first I want to begin with a
review point when we use have to we talk
about our responsibilities these are the
things we must do tasks we are
responsible for this can be at work at
home in our social lives whatever have
to is used to explain responsibilities
we often use have to for things we do
not want to do so things we have a
responsibility to do but maybe we’re not
interested in doing that thing let’s
look at some examples first I have to go
to school or she has to go to work these
are examples of things that are our
responsibility to do but maybe we don’t
want to do that thing or we’re not
interested in doing that thing at a
specific time or on a certain day then
when we use have to in the negative form
it means we don’t have a responsibility
to do that thing or in other words don’t
have to or doesn’t have to is used to
express a lack of responsibility lack of
something means know of something zero
of something no responsibility for
something so we use don’t have to or
doesn’t have to one important point
about using this for the negative to
make a negative statement we use this
for activities that we can reasonably be
expected to do so a mistake that I hear
students
a lot is when they’re practicing making
sentences with the negative form don’t
have to and doesn’t have to they’ll try
to make an example sentence using
something that yes they don’t have a
responsibility to do however it’s
something really strange a great example
is a student or many students actually
who’ve said I don’t have to drink
alcohol at work so this is a strange
example because yes
even though although it’s grammatically
correct it’s really strange to have a
job where you drink alcohol maybe if
you’re a bartender for example it’s
reasonable but in most jobs it’s not
reasonable to drink alcohol at work so
if you say I don’t have to drink alcohol
at work it sounds strange we use don’t
have to or doesn’t have to to talk about
things that we can reasonably expect to
do so let’s look at some natural
examples of this first I don’t have to
go to work today for example I took the
day off this is a reasonable expectation
I don’t have to go to work today it’s a
holiday for example he doesn’t have to
take out the garbage tonight he doesn’t
have to take out the garbage tonight
this is a task a household task that a
person can reasonably be expected not to
have to do maybe this one night in
particular maybe his sister is going to
do it or someone else is going to take
care of this so he doesn’t have to do
this activity tonight another one you
don’t have to pay me back this is a very
common expression we use among friends
so you pay for someone’s coffee or you
pay for someone’s lunch or a small item
and the friend says you don’t have to
pay me back
so I’ll pay you don’t have to pay me
back so it’s reasonable to expect
repayment but if you say this
so you don’t have to pay me back it
sounds quite natural there’s no
responsibility to pay me back in other
words so please make sure when you make
the negative with this grammar point
that you use it for reasonable
expectations only it sounds kind of
strange if you use it for something like
a little bit crazy or a little bit
strange okay with that then let’s move
on to the first of the two types of
questions I want to talk about the first
question pattern I want to mention is an
information pattern so you’re looking to
get some kind of information by this I
mean we use a wh question like who where
when why or how to begin our question we
follow that with do or does your subject
have or has depending on your subject
and two plus some verb or verb phrase so
we use this kind of question to ask
about someone’s responsibilities let’s
look at some examples first one what do
you have to do today this is a question
about the other person’s
responsibilities on this day only what
do you have to do today I have to go to
work I have to go to the post office I
have to pick up my son from school for
example those are the person’s
responsibilities for that day
what do you have to do today you’re
looking for information let’s look at
the next example where does he have to
go where does he have to go is a
question about a location so in this
case where does he have to go you’re
asking the question for another person
maybe there’s a student in a school
looking for a place or looking for
something some kind of information or
looking for a person I might say to
someone else what where does he have to
go maybe where does he have to go to
find this information
where does he have to go to get this
document for example so we’re looking
for information for this
the person in this case where does he
have to go I’m talking to a third person
in this situation one more example
sentence who do we need to meet who do
we need to meet so again in this case
there are probably three people in the
situation
there’s the speaker and then we know
there’s another person here at least one
more person because we’ve used we in the
sentence who do we need to meet so we’re
asking this question to someone else we
need to meet with someone about
something but we don’t know who is the
person who do we need to meet okay so
when you ask with this kind of pattern
you’re looking for some extra something
that you’re looking for there’s some
kind of information you need to get so
you can use a pattern like this to get
that let’s move on though to the second
question pattern that I want to talk
about today that is questions for
confirmation confirmation means like
check how to check using a question to
check the information that you have to
make sure you are correct or maybe
incorrect
confirmation questions when we make a
confirmation question the pattern is
quite different from the information
question pattern we looked at a moment
ago here we will begin the question with
don’t or doesn’t depending on the
subject so don’t or doesn’t plus your
subject plus have to plus your verb or
verb phrase let’s look at some examples
here first what don’t you have to leave
will typically use this kind of
intonation pattern don’t you have to
leave so it’s a question this question
means the speaker thinks the listener
has to leave the speaker thinks it’s the
listeners responsibility to leave but
perhaps the listener is not leaving is
not making motioned like they are
planning to leave so the speaker wants
to confirm don’t you have to leave like
the speaker thinks there’s some
responsibility here we’ll talk about
responses to this in just
a moment let’s look at another example
of this confirmation question though
second doesn’t he have to finish his
homework doesn’t he have to finish his
homework so perhaps this is a parent
talking to another parent like about the
student or about someone’s son doesn’t
he have to finish his homework they’re
trying to confirm something so again the
speaker thinks that this person this he
in the situation has a responsibility to
finish his homework but maybe there’s
been some kind of change so the speaker
asks this question to another person
maybe another parent or a teacher
doesn’t he have to finish his homework
so again we’re confirming I think this
but is it correct is another way to
understand this let’s look at one more
example don’t we have to get up early
don’t we have to get up early get up
early means get out of bed early wake up
early so don’t we have to get up early
so this might be between like a married
couple for example don’t we have to get
up early tomorrow for example so again
the speaker thinks I have a
responsibility or we have a
responsibility to wake up early tomorrow
is that correct
so that’s a confirmation question so
let’s take a look at some ways that we
can answer confirmation questions let’s
look at some sample responses first
let’s go back to this question don’t you
have to leave to respond to this
question we might use something like
this yes I do yes I do
so this yes I do is like a short way to
say yes I do have to leave so in other
words yes it’s a yes response to make a
full answer yes I do have to leave but
most of the time we just say yes or yes
I do
if however the answer is no we can say
no I don’t have to in this case leave
yet so you might use something like yet
or already as we see here but no I don’t
have to leave yet this yet shows the
speaker is going to leave has to leave
but
not quite so not quite it’s not quite
the time to leave in other words so yes
I do or no I don’t these two are kind of
like the basic yes or no responses and
we can add some extra information at the
end let’s move on to the second sentence
doesn’t he have to finish his homework
so to respond to this question we could
say yes he does
similar here yes I do but because the
subject is he yes he does in no response
we could say for example he finished it
already he finished it already so I
mentioned we could use already or yet to
talk about the status of an activity he
finished it already so that means no he
doesn’t have to like in the future
because he finished it already so the
action is done it’s completed it’s
finished so this is a sample answer ok
let’s move on to one more don’t we have
to get up early we could answer this
with yes we do
or simply no we don’t so if you were
ever not sure of the best way to answer
one of these confirmation questions you
can just say yes or no and you can
follow it with like a repetition of the
thing that was in the question so I
showed you this here like yes I do have
to leave you can use the same thing that
you heard in the question to answer that
we see that down here don’t we have to
get up early yes we do have to get up
early of course if the answer is no just
use the negative and the same pattern
like no I don’t have to leave no we
don’t have to get up early so to tell
the difference between these
confirmation questions and these
information questions you can focus on
the beginning of the sentence is there
this WH style question at the beginning
of the sentence or do you hear a don’t
or it doesn’t at the beginning of the
sentence this is a pretty good hint that
I hope can help you tell the difference
between these two so I hope that this
helps you in
negative statements and questions with
have to of course if you have any
questions or comments or want to
practice making sentences please feel
free to do so in the comment section of
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thanks very much for watching this
lesson and I will see you again soon bye
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