hi everybody welcome back to ask alicia

the weekly series where you

ask me questions and i answer them maybe

first question this week comes from

manuel carlos hi manuel manuel says hi

there

when it comes to inversions in formal

english to give emphasis i have two

questions

first i talked to an american english

native speaker about it and was told

these structures are no longer

used they were used back in the 1920s

what do you think

second in one of my books it says that

we can also use

once in a while and very often at the

beginning of the sentences for emphasis

the point is that these two expressions

are not listed in other books or video

classes

what are your thoughts some examples

very often

does she come here very often do they

arrive late

once in a while does he wash his car

once in a while do i drink alcohol

thank you very much interesting question

inversion is still used today though as

you've said

it's used more in like formal situations

or it's used in like poetic kinds of

writing

so situations where having control

over the rhythm and the feel of a

sentence is really strongly desired

so inversion it is still used today

um but a key point and this is in regard

to the second

part of your question a key point though

is to note that when we

when we make sentences that use this

inversion pattern

we're using negative adverbs and

negative adverbial phrases

at the beginning so perhaps this is what

you've seen in other textbooks and in

other videos

and this is what makes me think that

your examples or the sentences that you

provided are not

so natural this is because very often

and once in a while

are not negative adverbial expressions

so to make them negative you could say

not very often like not very often does

she

wash her car or whatever so but that's

not really something that i feel is so

natural we wouldn't really say that the

other example that you provided once in

a while

we could make that one negative by

adding only

like only once in a while do i drink

alcohol

so that's something that i feel might

actually be said

only once in a while do i that sounds

like a more natural pattern

i wouldn't i don't really feel that the

not very often pattern

would so often be used as like in in

kind of like these

inversion type sentences so to answer

your question

uh yes they are still used in some in

certain situations yes

perhaps not so much in everyday

conversation at least not in american

english you

maybe could hear it a little bit more in

british english i suppose

um and also the focus generally is on

using

negative adverbs and negative adverbial

phrases at the beginning of those

so i hope that this helps you thanks

very much for this interesting question

okay let's move on to your next question

next question

comes from nuria garayeva hello nuria

nuria says hello alicia can you explain

the difference

between which and that sure

i have talked about this topic many

times but not very recently

so let's refresh ourselves the

short answer is that the difference

between that and

which is that that is used for

restrictive clauses and which is used

for

non-restrictive clauses so what's a

restrictive clause what's a

non-restrictive clause

a restrictive clause is a clause in a

sentence

that gives us essential information

about a noun we

need that information about the noun in

order to understand the noun completely

a non-restrictive clause is a clause in

a sentence that gives us extra or like

bonus information about the noun

if we don't have that clause we can

still understand the noun

so there may be different words that are

used for restrictive or non-restrictive

like descriptive or non-descriptive

clauses

but they're talking about the same

things so let's take a look at an

example of a restrictive clause and a

non-restrictive clause

the phone that i bought at the apple

store works perfectly

this phone which i bought at the apple

store works perfectly

okay so these two sentences they have

essentially the same information so

why am i saying one is a restrictive

clause and why is one a non-restrictive

clause

so in this case we understand easily i'm

talking about this phone

yes like we know in both cases it's this

phone

but where restrictive clauses become

important

is in cases where for example we have

many phones let's imagine the speaker

has

three phones and the speaker needs to

differentiate the speaker needs to

communicate

which phone he or she is talking about

in the conversation

we can use restrictive clauses to do

that so for example

the phone that i got at the apple store

works perfectly

the phone that i bought from a

second-hand shop is really slow

the phone that i received from my

company is a little old

so in those sentences we're using that

because we're giving some specific

identifying

information about each phone so in a

case like that

where we're talking about three

different objects and we need to make

the differences very clear

we would use a restrictive clause in

cases where it's not so important like

when we clearly know i mean this phone

right here

we can use which and a non-restrictive

clause to talk about the phone

so this is the basic difference between

that

and which of course native speakers

don't always get this correct

unfortunately so you may see people

using the two

interchangeably but that's actually one

very common way of differentiating the

two so if you want to know more about

this topic i made a video about this

please check out the relative clauses

which or

that video on the english class 101

youtube channel for some more examples

and for some more explanation i hope

that that helps you thanks for the

question

okay let's go to your next question next

question comes from

nicole hi nicole nicole says let me know

whether you can use

if i were you i will sure

you cannot use this pattern if you want

to begin

your if conditional statement with if i

were you

you need to use something in your main

clause that reflects an

unreal or an untrue situation this is

because

if i were you is unreal it's not true i

am not you

that's not real so our main clause needs

to match our

if clause our main clause needs to

include would

or wouldn't to match the were in

the if clause so if i were you i would

or if i were you

i wouldn't for example if i were you i

would take a vacation

or if i were you i wouldn't quit my job

so you cannot use

will in place of will please use would

or

wouldn't i hope that that helps you

thanks for the question okay

let's go to your next question next

question comes

from pandy hi pandy pandy says

authorization authentication what is the

difference

okay sure both are nouns uh

authorization

is the act of allowing someone to

do something authentication

is the process of proving that something

or someone is

true or real some examples

i need management authorization to enter

the secret room in the building

we finally got authorization to move

forward with a new product

the thief's paperwork didn't pass

authentication

unknown login detected user

authentication required

so the last example sentence there about

user authentication

is one that you might see online like if

someone tries to access your account or

maybe if you try to access your email

your social media account

from like a different place or something

strange happens with your account

you might be requested to do user

authentication which means proving that

you

are you which we usually do through like

checking an email address or phone

number or something similar

so authentication refers to checking to

see if something is true

authorization refers to the act or the

process of allowing someone to do

something

so i hope that that helps you thanks

very much for the question

okay on to our next question next

question comes

from silas fast hi silas

silas says hi alicia how's it going good

uh my question

is about the structure 2b 2

in the following sentences the queen is

to visit canada

you are to wear formal clothing to the

white house dinner

you are not to leave the room could you

explain how it works

yeah nice question we use this to be

plus the infinitive form of a verb when

we're talking about like official

rules or we're talking about like an

official schedule

so this is not something that we use so

much in everyday conversation in

american english

it's usually in a formal situation like

when we're taking a test

or we're talking about an official

schedule or we're talking about official

rules like

in an examination situation or maybe a

like a

big organization when we want to make a

negative rule

too we place not before the verb

so some more examples of this students

are not to exit the room until the exam

has finished

guests are to leave their shoes at the

door

employees are to check in when they

begin work

so i hope that this helps you this

structure is for formal or official

rules and schedules

thanks very much for the question okay

that is everything that i have for this

week

thanks as always for sending your

questions and remember you can send them

to me at englishclass101.com

ask hyphen alicia of course if you like

this week's lesson don't forget to give

it a thumbs up subscribe to our channel

if you haven't already

and check us out at englishclass101.com

for some other things that can help you

with your english studies

thanks very much for watching this

week's episode of ask alicia and i will

see you again

next week bye

{{}}

大家好，欢迎回来问

艾丽西亚每周系列，你

问我问题，我回答他们也许

本周的第一个问题来自

曼努埃尔卡洛斯你好，曼努埃尔曼努埃尔说你好

，

当谈到正式英语的倒位时，

我有两个

问题

首先 我和一位以美国英语为

母语的人谈过这件事，并被告知

这些结构已不再

使用，它们早在 1920

年代就被使用过 在

句子的开头

强调重点是这两个表达

在其他书籍或视频课程中没有列出

你的想法是什么你的想法一些例子

很频繁她经常来这里他们是否

偶尔迟到他洗他的

汽车偶尔我会喝酒吗

谢谢你非常有趣的问题

反转今天仍在使用虽然正如

你所说

的那样它更多地用于正式场合

或者它是你 sed 在像诗意的

写作中，

所以非常需要

控制节奏和句子感觉的情况，

所以倒置它今天仍然使用，

嗯，但是一个关键点，这是关于

你问题的第二部分的 但关键

是要注意，

当我们使用这种倒装模式造句时，

我们会在开头使用否定副词和

否定副词短语

，所以也许这就是

你在其他教科书和

其他视频中看到的

，这是 是什么让我觉得

你的例子或你

提供的句子不是

那么自然，这是因为经常

和偶尔

不是否定的副词表达，

所以要使它们成为否定的，你可以

说不经常像不经常

她

洗 她的车或其他什么，但这

并不是我觉得很

自然的东西，我们不会真的

说你偶尔提供的另一个例子

我们可以做那个 给定通过

只偶尔添加一次，我会喝酒，

所以我觉得

实际上可能

只会偶尔说一次，这听起来

像一个更自然的模式，

我不会，我真的不觉得

不是很常见的模式

会

像这些

倒置类型的句子那样经常被使用，所以回答

你的问题，

嗯，是的，它们在某些情况下仍然使用，

是的，

也许在日常对话中没有那么多

，至少在美式

英语中没有 你

也许可以在

英式英语中听到更多我想

嗯，而且重点通常是

在开头使用否定副词和否定副词短语，

所以我希望这对你有帮助

非常感谢这个有趣的问题

好吧让我们 继续你的下一个问题

下一个问题

来自 nuria garayeva 你好 nuria

nuria 说你好 alicia 你能解释一下

which 和 that 之间的区别

吗？ 图片很多

次但不是最近

所以让我们刷新一下

简短的答案是

that和which之间的区别

在于用于

限制性条款和用于

非限制性条款所以什么是

限制性条款什么

是非限制性条款

限制性从句是句子中的从句

，它为我们提供了

有关名词的基本信息，我们

需要有关名词的信息

才能完全理解名词

非限制性从句是

句子中的从句，可为我们提供额外或类似的

奖励信息 关于名词，

如果我们没有那个从句，我们

仍然可以理解这个名词，

所以可能会有不同的词

用于限制性或非限制性，

如描述性或非描述性

从句，

但它们谈论的是相同的

事情，所以让我们 看

一个限制性条款和

非限制性条款

的例子 我在苹果商店买的手机

可以完美运行

ib 应该在苹果

商店工作得

很好所以这两个句子它们具有

基本相同的信息所以

我为什么说一个是限制性

条款而为什么一个是非限制性

条款

所以在这种情况下我们很容易理解我在

谈论这个 电话

是的，就像我们在这两种情况下都知道的那样，这是一部

电话，

但是限制性条款变得

重要的地方是，例如，我们有

很多电话让我们假设说话者

有

三部电话，并且说话者需要

区分说话者需要与

他或她交流哪部电话

在谈话中谈论

我们可以使用限制性条款来做到

这一点，例如

我在苹果商店得到的手机

完美

运行我从

二手店买的手机真的很慢

我从公司收到的手机

有点旧，

所以在这些句子中我们使用它是

因为我们提供了一些

关于每部手机的特定识别信息，所以在这种

情况下

，我们正在 谈论三个

不同的对象，我们需要

非常清楚地说明差异，

我们将使用限制性条款，

如果它不是那么重要，例如

当我们清楚地知道我的意思是这个电话

在这里

我们可以使用 which 和非限制性

条款来交谈 关于手机，

所以这是两者之间的基本区别

，当然，不幸的是，哪个母语人士

并不总是正确理解，

所以你可能会看到人们

交替使用这两者，但这实际上

是区分两者的一种非常常见的方式，

所以如果你想 了解更多关于

这个话题我制作了一个关于这个的视频

请查看

英语课 101 youtube 频道上的相关条款或那个视频，以

获得更多示例

和更多解释，我

希望这对你有所帮助，谢谢你的

问题，

好吧，让我们走吧 你的下一个问题下一个

问题来自

nicole 嗨 nicole nicole 说让我知道

你是否可以使用

如果我是你我会确定

你不能使用这个 p attern 如果你想

以 if i was you 开始你的 if 条件语句，

你需要在主

句中使用一些反映

不真实或不真实情况的东西，这是

因为

如果我是你是不真实的，那不是真的

我不是你

那不是 真实的所以我们的主子句

需要匹配我们的

if 子句 我们的主子句需要

包含 will

or won't 以匹配

if 子句中的 were 所以如果我是你我会

或者如果我是你

我不会例如如果我 如果你我

会去度假，

或者如果我是你，我不会辞掉我的工作，

所以你不能用

will 代替 will 请使用 will

或

不希望这对你有帮助 谢谢你

的问题 好的，

让我们去你的 下一个问题 下一个

问题

来自 pandy 嗨 pandy pandy 说

授权 认证 有什么

区别

好的 确定两者都是名词 呃

授权

是允许某人做某事的行为

认证

是证明某事

或某人是

真实或真实的过程 示例

我需要管理授权才能

进入大楼的密室

我们终于获得

了使用新产品

的授权 小偷的文书工作没有通过

身份验证

未知登录 检测到

需要用户身份验证

所以关于用户身份验证的最后一个例句

是一个 您可能会在网上看到

有人试图访问您的帐户，

或者如果您尝试从不同的地方访问您的电子邮件

您的社交媒体帐户

，或者

您的帐户发生了奇怪的事情，

您可能会被要求进行用户

身份验证，这意味着证明

你

就是你，我们通常通过

检查电子邮件地址或电话

号码或类似的东西来完成，

所以身份验证是指检查

某事是否真实，

授权是指允许某人做某事的行为或

过程，

所以我希望这会有所帮助 你

非常感谢你的问题

好的，我们的下一个问题下一个

问题 co mes

from silas fast hi

silas silas say hi alicia how's it going good

呃，我的问题

是关于结构 2b 2

在下面的句子中 女王

要访问加拿大

你要穿正装去

白宫晚宴

你不要离开 房间 你能

解释

一下它是

如何

工作的吗

在美式英语的日常对话中，

它通常是在正式场合，

比如我们正在参加考试，

或者我们正在谈论官方

日程安排，或者我们正在谈论官方

规则，比如

在考试的情况下，或者可能

是一个

大组织 当我们也想制定

否定规则时，

我们将 not 放在动词之前

，这样学生的更多例子就是

在考试结束之前不要离开房间，

客人要把鞋子留在

门口

e 员工将在他们开始工作时签到，

所以我希望这对您有所帮助 这个

结构适用于正式或官方的

规则和时间表

非常感谢您提出的问题 好的

，这就是我本周所拥有的一切

感谢一如既往地发送您的

问题和 请记住，您可以通过englishclass101.com 将它们发送

给我

当然询问连字符艾丽西亚如果您喜欢

本周的课程，如果您还没有

订阅我们的频道，请不要忘记给它一个

赞，并在englishclass101.com 上查看我们

对于其他一些可以帮助

您学习英语的事情

非常感谢您观看

本周的 Ask alicia 剧集，我

下周再见