Your Monthly Dose of English Best of September 2019
access your free language gifts right
now before they expire here’s what
you’re getting this month
first the 24 hour survival phrases PDF
cheat sheet traveling and want to learn
a bit of the language then these
survival phrases will help you survive
the first 24 hours
second the ultimate listening video
master course honest question how good
are your listening skills well if you
can watch this free master course then
you’ll easily understand native speakers
so download it right now
third the 50 most common verbs all
beginners must know do you know all of
these verbs if not this lesson will
drill the 50 most common verbs into your
head just use the free audio slideshow
tool inside fourth 20 strategies for
learning language at home want to learn
a language from the comfort of your home
this one-minute lesson will give you all
the best tactics for learning languages
fifth free language learning audiobooks
for anyone that sees this video you’ll
get free access to our huge library of
language learning audiobooks save them
to your device and listen and learn
they’re yours to keep forever
and finally the deal of the month if you
want to finally master language with
lessons by real teachers and our
complete language learning program get
35% off premium or premium plus with the
powerup sale to get your gifts and
language learning resources click the
link in the lesson description below
download them right now before they
expire
and TV related words let’s go to shoot
to film the first expression is to shoot
or to film to shoot or to film actually
we use these words here to shoot to
shoot means to take video to record
video in a sentence this show was shot
in England hmm to shoot becomes shot to
shoot shot in past tense we can also use
to film film comes from kind of older
cameras where film actual physical film
was used now of course we use mostly
digital media but we use to shoot or to
film video or to shoot a TV show to talk
about recording something for use in
movies or TV to broadcast to air to
broadcast or to air so this these are
words which mean to to play a TV show on
TV to air a TV show to broadcast a TV
show recently I feel like two air is
more common like this TV show airs every
week on Friday in a sentence new
episodes air every Friday we use
actually we use broadcast for our live
streams on this channel like we could
say like a live broadcast every week at
10 p.m. est that’s true
so we can say broadcast or we can say
air
I feel like broadcast is a little more
natural for Internet things we don’t
really use airs every week for internet
things we use air for a TV but yeah
broadcast would be more for Internet
program anything to cast the next
expression the next vocabulary word is
to cast to cast there are a couple
different meanings of this word there’s
a fishing related word which means to
throw out like a fishing line to try to
get a fish this motion is called to cast
but if you’re reading something about
your favorite TV show and you see to
cast it means to choose someone to play
a character so you choose someone to
play a character is to cast so for
example in a sentence who was cast in
the role of the princess
so to cast someone as a character is in
the expression we use Jennifer Aniston
was cast
as Rachel in friends or Dean Cain was
cast as Superman in the Superman TV show
from the 90s to give an American pop
culture example cast
okay the next expression however is the
noun form cast so cast as a noun not as
a verb as a noun the cast is the group
of actors and actresses who play the
characters in the TV show or the movie
you’re watching
so that’s everybody all of the actors
and actresses are called the cast
together their group is called the cast
so for example that show has an all-star
cast season series the next expression
or the next word is season or series
depending on which country you may hear
let’s see let’s see season season is
usually used in the US and series I
think is used maybe in England and being
in Australia as well so season and
series these mean like the roughly the
years of a show in a sentence how many
seasons have you seen so the kind of
like the chapters of show’s over like
maybe ten weeks or twelve weeks or so
you might watch one season of a show it
usually has like eight to ten maybe
twelve episodes we’ll talk about later
so one season is like one year of a show
episode the next expression is episode
episode so episode is one usually for a
TV show one 30-minute or one 60-minute
block of time in a sentence every
episode of that show is so good so maybe
each week one episode airs from a TV
show or two episodes air every week so
an episode is one part of a season so
for example to use these words together
we could say there are 10 episodes in
every season of my favorite TV show so
episodes are these kind of small blocks
of time small parts of each story - run
- run - run - run is a verb that has
many different meanings in English oh we
can’t talk about them all in one video
or even a million video
but to run in this case means how long a
program is broadcast or how long a
program airs for so we would say that
show is running for six seasons it means
that show is going to be broadcast on TV
for six seasons so in another example
sentence that show ran for just three
seasons so to run a show refers to the
length of time that that TV program can
be viewed on TV maybe more example
sentences are better here so like this
show has a planned run of ten years four
we want to run this again next year for
example so that means how often you want
to broadcast to be set in the next
expression is to be set in to be set in
refers to the place where the story
happens in the TV show we can also use
this for books and for movies any
storytelling situation you can use to be
set in in this example sentence this
show is set in New York City the
expression to set in can refer to place
yes but it can also refer to the time
period of a show so for example maybe a
show is set in the past far in the past
you could say this show is set in the
Old West or this show is set in ancient
China this show is set in England in the
1600s so that’s the location and the
time when the TV show is set so place
and location we can use to be set in to
recur the next word is to recur to recur
so to require means to happen again
something that that continues something
that repeats to recur so we use this for
characters and themes in particular in
TV shows so we might see a recurring
character that character is a recurring
character in this series they repeat
they appear again and again from time to
time not as a regular character but they
they appear sometimes like supporting
characters in a sentence Joker is a
recurring villain in the back
and series he shows up from time to time
he’s a recurring character a recurring
villain in this case script the next
word is script script script is the text
for the show trips a script is the the
text that the actors and actresses read
to tell you the story it’s the stuff
that the writers create and yeah actors
will read that those are the words for
the show the script so in a sentence the
script of this show is really well
written
fun fact there is no script for this
show unscripted really there’s no script
sometimes people are like if they’re
surprised to find out there’s no script
for this some people like you’re not
reading anything I’m like no of course
not do you think that I was reading out
that it’s always so clear to me like the
episodes that come out and where I have
had to read something like for the post
card contest for example there’s this
it’s just everything just slows down and
it’s so weak like the vibe is so weird
anyway no script for this show ten words
for talking about space planet the first
word is planet planet so planets are
those really really big things that we
have in our solar system now there are
officially eight because Pluto is no
longer considered a planet in my example
sentence Pluto used to be considered a
planet star the next word is star star
so stars are those very very bright
objects that you can see in the sky
sometimes at night that’s the closest
star to us is the Sun the Sun is a star
and we can see a lot of other stars if
we look up into the night sky sometimes
in a sentence it’s hard to see stars
from big cities solar system the next
expression is solar system solar system
so solar system in our case here on
planet Earth
refers to the system of planets and
objects which are near our star so our
solar system now there are eight planets
in our solar system used to be nine
planets sorry again in Pluto eight
planets in our solar system and then we
can talk about other objects which maybe
enter our solar system like like comets
for example or a meteor or some other
events might happen in space
within our solar system so our solar
system is the area surrounding our Sun
and our planets that we know of in a
sentence mercury is part of our solar
system comet the next expression is
comet a comet is actually an icy body
that is slightly melting and then
releasing gases so that’s what produces
that look a comet
okay in a sentence comets are really
cool meteor alright so yes the next word
is meteor or meteor or just meteor so
essentially meteors are different from
comets because comets are made of ice
meteors however are made of rock so
these are two different kinds of objects
that can that move around in space in a
sentence lots of meteors burn up before
they pass through the atmosphere
meteorite the next word is meteor right
meteor right so this is an important
distinction that many people don’t know
about actually if this tries to be crazy
too so a meteor is the is the space
rockets in space or it’s in the
atmosphere a meteor rights however is
the rock if if the meteor makes it if
the meteor can pass through the Earth’s
atmosphere and fall to the surface of
the earth that rock then is called a
meteor right so in space in the
atmosphere it’s a meteor when it falls
to earth it is a meteorite that becomes
a meteorite when it hits the earth so
fun facts okay that’s the difference
between the two in a sentence have you
ever seen a meteorite supernova
supernova supernova so the explosion of
a star is a huge event a supernova is
the name of it so the star explodes and
that’s what we call it it’s called a
supernova a star explosion in a sentence
supernovas must be incredible things
black hole
alright the next expression is black
hole black hole black holes are the
subject of a lot of study they have
intense gravitational pull so meaning
they have very strong gravity black
holes will pull other objects into them
it is said that like time stops in a
black hole or in like if you get too
close to a black hole if you get too
close to the event horizon of a black
hole you yourself will be pulled into
that hole too it’s pretty crazy
so like the event horizon is the point
at which there’s no there’s no turning
back
from like you can’t you can’t escape
essentially the gravitational pull of a
black hole once you’re within the event
horizon of that space it’s like crazy
all this kind of stuff is so interesting
so in a sentence
black holes are mysterious galaxies okay
all right so the next word is galaxies
galaxies before we talked about the
expression solar system so solar system
is kind of our region of space the
region we’re familiar with but the next
step up so if you think of the solar
system is kind of your neighborhood a
little bit you could think of maybe the
galaxy as like your city or your country
maybe it’s sort of the next step out so
a galaxy is made up of lots and lots of
stars maybe other planets other solar
system many other solar systems in one
galaxy so I think yeah we belong to the
Milky Way galaxy I believe in a sentence
our galaxy is made of lots of different
stars and planets earth the next
expression is earth earth earth is our
planet Earth is the planet we live on
earth is habitable meaning humans can
live here this word I included it in
this vocabulary list because it is a
very good word to practice your
pronunciation it is the word Earth earth
that are and the th sound can be
difficult to pronounce together earth
earth so this is a great word to use to
practice your pronunciation earth so in
a sentence our planet is called Earth
nutritional facts the first word is
nutritional facts nutritional facts if
you look at the back of a food product
in this case it’s not written English
but in the back of a food product you
will often see in many countries
depending on the regulations in your
country a list of information numbers
and some words those are the nutritional
facts of that food product in a sentence
check the nutritional facts for
important dietary information
kaleri the next word is calorie so
calorie is the word that’s a sign which
means energy the energy in a food
essentially so some foods are high
calorie some foods are low calorie in a
sentence avoid eating lots of
high-calorie foods if you want to lose
weight
carbohydrate carbs the next word is
carbohydrate carbohydrate carbohydrate
is a very long word so we usually
abbreviate it we usually shorten it to
carbs carbs so carbs are foods for
example bread rice pasta sweets sugars
and things these are foods which will
give you like a quick burst a quick bit
of energy in a sentence I can’t help but
eat lots of carbs sometimes protein the
next word is protein protein is often
talked about when you want to build
muscle or lose weight protein relates a
lot to muscle it’s the it can help you
build muscle to when you want what if
that’s your goal so we use protein
protein is a much it takes your body a
longer time to access the energy in
protein than it does carbohydrates so
people say it’s important to have a
balance of protein and carbohydrates in
your diet for a quick energy and slow
release energy in a sentence it’s
important to get enough protein sugar
the next word is sugar so sugar we
talked about sugar and carbohydrates it
is pure energy it is but not usually it
is not a healthy type of energy
especially if it’s added to a food so
sugar is just it’s a it’s a carbohydrate
it’s just energy and it doesn’t have
really much other good stuff
nutritionally in it but it can help make
things sweet and it can help give quick
bursts of energy so it’s very commonly
found in candy and sweets in a sentence
eating too much sugar can be bad for
your skin fat the next word is fat fat
there’s of course animal fat so like
bacon for example is like kind of
famously delicious because it
is a fatty piece of meat there’s a lot
of fat in it so fat can make food taste
better and then fat also has a bad
reputation because it can of course the
word fat oftentimes people say I don’t
want to be fat but fat in food can make
things taste better there can be good
kinds of fats and trying to reduce bad
fats um so in a sentence fat helps make
things taste better sodium the next word
is sodium sodium sodium is essentially
salt salt so lots of sodium can be bad
for you it’s people tend to recommend I
think to keep low sodium levels in your
food so sodium is salt in a sentence
make sure not to consume too much sodium
vitamins the next word is vitamins so
vitamins are kind of good like body
boosting things so like they can give
you like extra extra good stuff for your
body essentially so like fruits and
vegetables have lots of vitamins in them
for example in a sentence fruit juice
has lots of vitamins diet the next word
is diet so be careful there’s the word -
diet which means to limit your food and
drink to limit your consumption in order
to lose weight but there’s also the noun
form of diet so in this case I mean diet
as in your eating habits your eating
lifestyle so for example I could say
it’s important to have a balanced diet
meaning it’s important to keep balance
in the foods that you eat and the thing
is that you drink so a balanced diet
refers to a balanced eating and drinking
lifestyle so diet when used in this way
means lifestyle not like intention to
lose weight so please be careful with
this word in a sentence keeping a
balanced diet is important for a healthy
lifestyle
ingredients the next word is ingredients
ingredients so if you check the
nutritional facts on the back of a food
product you’ll usually see a list of
ingredients so the ingredients are the
things inside that product the things
that are used to make
the product you’re looking at right now
the the ingredient list is created based
on the quantity of that item in that
product so if you’re buying candy for
example the first item in the ingredient
list is probably going to be sugar and
then after that the the item with the
next highest quantity will be in the
list so ingredients are the things used
to make that product ingredients in a
sentence I always check the ingredients
list access your free language gifts
right now before they expire here’s what
you’re getting this month
first the 24-hour survival phrases PDF
cheat sheet traveling and want to learn
a bit of the language then these
survival phrases will help you survive
the first 24 hours
second the ultimate listening video
master course honest question how good
are your listening skills well if you
can watch this free master course then
you’ll easily understand native speakers
so download it right now
third the 50 most common verbs all
beginners must know do you know all of
these verbs if not this lesson will
drill the 50 most common verbs into your
head just use the free audio slideshow
tool inside fourth 20 strategies for
learning language at home want to learn
a language from the comfort of your home
this one-minute lesson will give you all
the best tactics for learning languages
fifth free language learning audiobooks
for anyone that sees this video you’ll
get free access to our huge library of
language learning audiobooks save them
to your device and listen and learn
they’re yours to keep forever
and finally the deal of the month if you
want to finally master language with
lessons by real teachers and our
complete language learning program get
35% off premium or Premium Plus with the
power up sale to get your gifts and
language learning resources click the
link in the lesson description below
download them right now before they
expire
first question this week comes from
Nagarjuna hi Nagarjuna Nagarjuna says
what is the difference between being and
having okay let’s start with the word
having we use the word having in such
expressions that use the verb have
for example I’m having a good time or
I’m having trouble with this he’s having
a shower at the moment can he call you
back okay so then being has a lot more
uses than having we use being to talk
about temporary conditions we can use
this before adjectives keep in mind that
when we use being before adjectives
we’re using it to describe something
that’s temporary in cases where we use
the same adjective without being it’s
describing something that is a regular
condition so let’s compare these two
sentences he’s weird he’s being weird
the first sentence he’s weird
is a simple present tense sentence
there’s no being here that shows us that
weird is a regular condition so he’s
usually weird he’s always weird the
second sentence though he’s being weird
uses being in the progressive tense so
that shows us it’s a temporary condition
it means at this moment he’s weird only
this moment so usually he’s not weird
but for right now he is so when you see
being used before adjectives in this way
it’s referring to this temporary state
or this temporary condition so we can
use being before a noun as well but we
use it to talk about an ongoing
condition such as our job we want to
talk about like this state of being
something that’s like always like the
same for us that’s usually our job or
something that’s unchanging that’s a
regular condition for us so we can make
sentences that have the same meaning
that just use be in different ways for
example is being an artist difficult
and is it difficult to be an artist both
of these sentences use the verb to be
the first one uses being and just refers
to the ongoing condition of an artist so
is it difficult to be an artist and is
being an artist difficult those have the
same meaning they’re just slightly
different grammatical structures we can
also use being before verbs when we do
this we tend to use it in passive voice
and we use verbs in the past participle
form when we do this in present tense
it’s referring to an action that is
ongoing now when we’re talking about
past tense situations it’s referring to
an action that was continuing in the
past so an unfinished action in the past
sometimes there will be an interruption
that we can see in the sentence later in
the sentence but in some cases it’s just
referring to an unfinished action for
example present tense we are being
watched my lunch is being eaten by
someone else
so these show ongoing unfinished actions
that maybe we can see or we know about
but they’re continuing so we can use
being to talk about those so we use have
or having in the progressive form in set
expressions that use have I hope that
this helps you thanks very much for the
question
okay let’s move on to your next question
next question comes from Feist also I’ll
say it - saw Feisal says how can I talk
very quickly in English um don’t worry
so much about speaking quickly or like
as fast as you possibly can like
everybody speaks at a pace that’s
natural and comfortable for them but if
you want to work on improving the
smoothness of your speech something that
you might try is just reading text out
loud so something that you can do to
practice is find like an interesting
news article or maybe a blog or even a
short story to read something that’s got
a little bit of length to it you don’t
want to read just tweets but something
that you can read that you can follow
along with
practice reading this out loud so don’t
just read in your mind practice saying
the words and connecting the words to
one another so you can do this first
like slowly that’s fine it’s fine to
read slowly at first but then come back
to the same article practice reading
that again like later in the week or a
couple days later and practice making
the sounds a little bit faster so do
this a couple times until you’re
comfortable with the grammar points
until you’re comfortable with the
vocabulary words and then when you’re
fine you can move on to another article
challenge yourself with another article
that uses different grammar points
different words and so on something that
I find interesting and fun kind of to do
when I practice this way is to try to
take recordings of myself so maybe on
one day I’ll practice for like an hour
or I’ll study for an hour or something
and at the end of my practice session I
will record myself and then I can listen
to or watch the recording later and see
maybe what parts weren’t so good or what
parts I was good at then at my next
practice session I can do the same thing
and compare it to my first practice
session after a few weeks of this then I
can look back at my first practice
session compare it to my last practice
section our session rather and see how
much I’ve improved so this is a really
good way at least I’ve found to kind of
track progress so this is something that
could maybe help you as you try to
improve your rate of speech so again
don’t worry so much about speaking super
fast like it’s going to sound unnatural
if you’re just pushing yourself to speak
super quickly all the time so just try
to find a comfortable pace that allows
you to communicate clearly and smoothly
so I hope that this helps you thanks
very much for the question all right
let’s move on to your next question next
question comes from you Soph
hi you Soph Yousaf says how can I
politely ask my teacher if it’s okay to
exit the classroom if you would like to
leave your classroom you can say
something like may I leave the room or
can I leave the room so some people are
really strict about the difference
between May
can historically may has been used to
ask for permission can has been used to
talk about possibility or ability rather
so if you want to be super strict May is
better but may could sound a little bit
more polite so may I leave the room is
okay it’s probably a good idea to
include the reason you would like to
leave the room for example may I go to
the restroom or may I go to the office
or may I go to the health center I don’t
feel well
so if you want to include a reason you
can do that may I go to some place so
this is how you would politely ask your
teacher if it’s okay to exit the
classroom I hope that this helps you
thanks very much for the question let’s
move on to your next question next
question is from our Tamiya Meyer to
Miam our Tamim says hi Alicia is it
required to put the indefinite article
in front of an adjective that follows an
uncountable noun for example hot milk or
neat writing or good education Thanks
aha no in most cases actually using the
indefinite article in this way would be
incorrect to refresh everybody the
indefinite article is a or an and we use
indefinite articles before countable
nouns in the singular form but I do want
to talk a bit about these examples that
you’ve introduced the first example that
you introduced was the phrase hot milk
so the only way that I can think of that
we would use an indefinite article
before an expression like this is if hot
milk is a menu item you go to a
restaurant or coffee shop and hot milk
is on the menu and when you order you
say a hot milk please or one hot milk
please in that case it’s okay the reason
for this is because hot milk as a set
phrase is understood as one unit so even
though milk is an uncountable noun yes
we understand hot milk is like one mug
or is one cup of something like that’s
one item I can order in that case using
the indefinite article is okay it’s
natural it’s much better in
fact than saying can I have some hot
milk which sounds very weird there in
that case when we’re ordering something
we understand hot milk to be one unit
like one cup one glass in that case fine
no problem
so another example of this might be it
like a bakery if you go to the bakery
and you’d say I’d like a sourdough bread
please
so in that case sourdough bread is
understood to be one unit one type of
bread like a menu item in that case fine
no problem your second example your
second example was about the expression
neat writing so this is one that I would
not use an article before I would say in
some very rare very uncommon cases
especially in like formal or maybe
religious texts some people would use
the word writing to refer to like a
script to refer to a text using writing
in this way to refer just to written
text sounds quite formal so in today’s
English we would probably just say a
neat piece of writing we would not use
the indefinite article in this case
finally then your last example was the
expression good education so the reason
that this one is a little bit tricky is
because we have an idiomatic expression
to get an education to get an education
means to receive education but in this
idiom we use the article we use the
indefinite article and before education
so because this is an idiomatic
expression it’s a set expression we
preserve that indefinite article and
just move it in front of good so in your
example good education we could say to
get a good education that would be fine
in that case because it’s an idiom and
because it uses an indefinite article
originally we keep it there some
examples that use this idiom she got a
good education at her university it’s
important that you get a good education
okay so in sum if you’re looking at
adjective uncountable noun phrases that
are understood as a unit it’s okay to
use an indefinite article and it’s okay
to use an indefinite article
when the uncountable noun is part of an
idiom so I hope that this helps answer
your question thanks very much ok let’s
move on to your next question next
question comes from takuji sacimata hi
takuji takuji says hi Alicia please
teach me how to use you know in
conversation ok depending on the
positioning in the sentence and how we
feel when we say it meaning how our
voice feels when we say it it can have
slightly different meanings when we
position you know at the beginning of a
sentence it feels a little bit like by
the way so for example you know there’s
a three-day weekend coming up or you
know I have a big bonus coming in this
summer so in these sentences it means
like by the way and from the tone of my
voice it’s like there’s something
exciting there’s some exciting new
information I want to share there you
know if we position you know at the end
of a sentence it tends to sound like a
question and we use it to like get
agreement from people around us so we’re
like talking about a difficult situation
and we’re trying to get agreement from
the people around us for example I don’t
want to upset my parents you know or I’m
just not ready to move to a new city you
know so in those cases we use you know
to get listener agreement
so we’re saying you know as like a short
version of don’t you know what I mean or
do you understand what I mean so you can
think of you know used in that way with
that upward intonation to be looking for
like confirmation so that’s actually a
pretty good rule if you hear you know
used with that upward question
intonation it’s probably a good hint
that that’s looking for agreement the
speaker is looking for agreement if you
hear it with that downward intonation
you know it’s probably sharing some new
information that by the way feel so I
hope that this helps you thanks very
much for the question
ok so that’s everything that I have for
this week thank you as always for
sending your question first question
comes from Rizal : d hi again resolved
resolved says can you explain what modal
verbs
sure so a modal verb is a verb that’s
used to talk about possibility or
ability in English we have will and
would shall and should can and could and
may might and must I might come to the
office later we should look for a new
apartment can you help me move my sofa
so we use modal verbs in English to talk
about possibility yes and ability to as
with can and could but we also use them
in patterns relating to giving advice
and asking for advice as well as making
offers and requests too so there are a
couple of videos on the channel that you
can check out for some more information
about modal verbs first you can look at
the must for possibility whiteboard
video there’s also a video about wood
especially using wood for future tense
situations that’s coming out very soon
you can also look at the will vs. going
to video on the channel for some future
tense expressions there are some other
videos about modal verbs coming out and
some other information about may and
might and must in live streams so please
take a look around the channel for some
more information some detailed
information about some of these modal
verbs and of course there’ll be more
content coming up soon so I hope that
you check out those lessons and I hope
that you can get a good start on modal
verbs studies thanks very much for
sending this along I hope that helps
clear up what a modal verb is okay let’s
move along to your next question next
question comes from Trang hi trang trang
says hi Alicia what does get rid of mean
ah get rid of means throw away we often
use the word get rid of when we want to
throw something away quickly or when we
really don’t want that item or it was
really unnecessary we can also use the
phrase get rid of with people but this
is used when we want to cut someone off
of a group or an organization like when
someone loses their job for example I
finally got rid of
my broken blender our company finally
got rid of that employee who was
stealing things okay so I hope this
helps you understand the expression get
rid of something thanks very much for
sending it all right onward to our next
question next question this week comes
from Mohammed Al Daley heigen mahmoud
mohamed says hi Alicia what’s the
difference between supposedly and
supposably and can I use them
interchangeably no you supposedly
supposedly so supposedly means according
to something else this is true but we
use supposedly when we’re like a little
bit skeptical so skeptical means we
don’t quite believe something is true
like there’s a little bit of like
disbelief there like maybe someone is
lying or someone is hiding something so
there’s a feeling of suspicion but it’s
like saying according to this person
this situation is true but we might not
have all the information so supposedly
is the word that means this some
examples supposedly this is a good
company to work for supposedly he missed
his flight because of traffic so
supposedly the other word you introduced
means conceivable something we are able
to conceive up something that we can
suppose so it does not have this meaning
of according to someone plus disbelief
it doesn’t have the same meaning as
supposedly in American English speakers
will use this word but it’s a mistake
they’re intending they’re planning they
want to use the word supposedly but they
make a mistake and use supposably
instead so please use supposedly not
supposedly I hope that this helps you
thanks very much for the question all
right let’s move on to your next
question next question comes from Mota
had a motoharu yo hello mother honey
well Tejada says hi Alicia is it true
that we use of for something that
belongs to a thing or animal but
apostrophe s for something that belongs
to a human ah no it is not true while
yes it does sound more natural to use
apostrophe s for something that belongs
to a human
it is not a rule to use of to show
possession for something that belongs to
a thing or an animal some examples let’s
compare the cars steering wheel came off
in my hands and the steering wheel of
the car came off in my hands my
computer’s screen is broken the screen
of my computer is broken so these pairs
of sentences actually mean the same
thing we’re just showing possession in
like different ways I would say that
native speakers will probably use
whatever is the shortest way to describe
whatever it is they want to say
so probably the apostrophe s pattern is
most common it’s certainly not incorrect
to use the of pattern both are fine to
use here when you’re talking about
people however it does sound much more
natural to use the apostrophe s pattern
using the of pattern to show possession
for something we own or something we
have sounds very weird when you’re
talking about people examples my friends
hair is beautiful the hair of my friend
is beautiful
your brother’s shirt is so funny the
shirt of your brother is so funny
very weird so in these pairs the second
example sentence that uses of while
grammatically correct sounds very
strange so when you’re talking about
people use the apostrophe s pattern to
talk about their characteristics or the
things that they have if you’re talking
about an object or an animal you can
choose whichever you prefer
as I said native speakers tend to use
the shortest expression possible so in
most cases that’s the apostrophe s
pattern also note that in some formal
situations when we want to make
something sound a bit more like grand or
exciting we will use that of pattern
instead of the apostrophe s pattern like
the palace of the king instead of the
king’s palace so that’s going to make it
sound a little bit more exciting so in
those cases and like those formal really
exciting like luxurious expensive cases
you might hear of used more often okay I
hope that that helps you thanks very
much for your question let’s move along
to our next
question for this week next question
comes from bhai bhai
but he says what’s the difference
between if I and if I will for example
if I do that and if I will do that if
there’s a difference where is it ah this
is a good question but the answer is
that we use if I and not if I will
actually this relates back to our first
question from this week’s episode about
modal verbs when you’re making a
conditional sentence that means a
sentence that uses an if clause and a
main Clause we do not use a modal verb
in the if clause if you want to use a
modal verb your modal verb needs to come
in your main clause so that means if you
want to make an if sentence and you want
to use will you can use them in the same
sentence but you have to separate the
clauses that they’re in
that means if I something something
something I will something something
something that’s the pattern that you
need to use you cannot use if I will
together in that way you have to
separate these two some examples if I
have the day off tomorrow I’ll go to the
movie theatre if we save enough money
this month we can go to Hawaii this
summer so the second example sentence
uses a different modal verb I used can
there instead of will so just make sure
that when you’re making these
conditional sentences that you don’t use
your modal verb in your if Clause use it
in your main Clause also remember you
can swap the order you can switch the
order so that it’s main Clause first if
clause second that’s fine the same rule
still applies we can go to Hawaii this
summer if we save enough money this
month so that’s also fine you can choose
whichever you prefer so I hope that that
helps you use if I not if I will hi
everybody my name is Alicia in this
lesson I’m going to talk about the
difference between someone everyone and
anyone and somebody anybody and
everybody let’s get started by looking
at the meanings of these words and how
we use them okay let’s begin with
someone and somebody to begin with you
can remember someone in somebody and
and anybody follow very similar rules as
some and any if you’ve seen the video on
our channel talking about some and any
maybe you remember the rules that I’m
going to explain here you can check that
video for some extra information about
those grammar points too so let’s start
with someone and somebody we use someone
and somebody in positive statements so a
simple statement not a question in other
words when we make a positive statement
we use someone and somebody in that
sentence structure we also use these two
words in requests and in offers so keep
in mind these are two categories of
questions so a request question or an
offer question let’s take a look at some
examples of this now first of all
there’s someone at the office
so here I’ve chosen someone there’s
someone at the office this is a positive
statement so not a question just a
statement it’s a positive here
the next example can you send someone to
help me can you send someone to help me
this is a request so a specific type of
question a request question can you send
someone to help me
the third example sentence is an offer
would you like to talk to somebody would
you like to talk to somebody so here we
have request offer positive statement we
can use someone or somebody in each of
these examples so I’ve used someone
someone and somebody here but actually
we can change each of these to the other
choice both are fine in each of these
example sentences I’ll talk more about
the difference between one and buddy a
little bit later for now however let’s
move on to the difference between anyone
and anybody okay so this is a key
difference between someone and somebody
anyone and anybody this is used in
negative statements these are used in
negative statements someone in somebody
used in positive statements so this
follows the same rule as some and any
so in negative statements and we use
anyone and anybody in information
questions so that means that not
requests not offers but you’re looking
for some kind of information we use
anyone and anybody in these cases so
let’s look at a few examples of this
first I don’t think anyone is at the
office don’t think anyone is at the
office so here we’ve used any one
because it’s a negative here’s my
negative it’s in the do not so not right
here this is my negative therefore I’ve
used any one here one more example
sentence a question this time has
anybody seen my keys here I’ve used
anybody I’ve used this because this is
an information question I’m looking for
some information I don’t have now this
is not a request it’s not an offer so I
shouldn’t use someone or somebody I need
to use anyone or anybody I’m looking for
information this third example sentence
is the same why hasn’t anyone returned
my calls here anyone and I’m looking for
information in this case a why this is a
why question so again not a request not
an offer I’m looking to find something
new I’m looking for information so I
should use anyone again just as I talked
about with someone and somebody I can
change this anyone anybody and anyone to
the other word it’s fine to use the
other word here for example anybody
anyone anybody that’s perfectly fine
again I’ll explain more a little bit
later here but remember anyone and
anybody is used in negative statements
someone somebody used in positive
statements this is one key difference
okay but let’s move along now to
everyone and everybody everyone and
everybody
this will fall out kind of a different
rule than someone and anyone we use
everyone and everybody to refer to all
people related to a situation or related
to a group so this could mean a class it
could mean every person in an office
that could mean in a city in a country
so it just depends on the group or the
situation we use this word when we want
to talk about all people related to that
group or related to the situation so
let’s look at some examples okay
first one everyone in our class
graduated so here everyone in our class
graduated refers to all the people in
our class so everyone in that group of
people in this case the group is the
class so all people in the class another
example it was great to see everybody at
the Reunion so everybody here shows us
again all people and this could be a
class reunion it could be a family
reunion
a company reunion so this just means it
was great to see all the related people
so the people related to the situation
at this reunion event one more example
then everybody had a great time
so here everybody shows us everybody in
the situation so maybe everybody who
attended the event had a great time
everybody who attended the party had a
great time this is quite a common
expression after an event of some kind
so again as we saw with the first two
groups we can actually change each of
these words to the other word so
everyone can be replaced with everybody
same thing here everybody and everybody
can be replaced with everyone so I want
to end this lesson with a quick
introduction or a quick overview to the
difference between these two endings one
and buddy
what is the difference here really one
the words that end in
someone anyone and everyone they sound
more formal than the words that end in
buddy so we can actually use these
interchangeably interchangeably means we
can mix and match them we can choose
which one we prefer so that means the
meanings are the same like their purpose
is the same it’s just up to us to choose
so why would we do this why would we
choose one word and not the other word
you can choose according to the
syllables if you remember syllables is
the number of beats a syllable is a beat
of a word so for example somebody
somebody has three beats someone has
only two beats two syllables this is
important when you are writing
especially like writing poetry writing
lyrics for music or maybe you’re trying
to write a nice essay for example we are
listening for which words sound nice to
our ears so sometimes the word somebody
sounds nice sometimes the word someone
sounds better so it’s up to us meaning
we can decide we can choose which word
we prefer to use so you just have to
listen and kind of feel which you prefer
there’s no difference in meaning it’s
just a sound preference and a little bit
of a formality difference so I hope that
this lesson helped you understand the
differences between these words a little
bit as I said if you want some more
information about the difference between
some and any you can search the YouTube
channel for that video as well
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