How art gives shape to cultural change Thelma Golden

the brilliant playwright Audrey and

Kennedy wrote a volume called people who

have led my plays and if I were to write

a volume it would be called artists who

have led my exhibitions because my work

in understanding art and an

understanding culture has come by

following artists by looking at what

artists mean and what they do and who

they are JJ from good times significant

to many people of course because of

dynomite but perhaps more significant as

the first really black artists on

primetime TV jean-michel Basquiat

important to me

because the first black artists in real

time that showed me the possibility of

who and what I was about to enter into

my overall project is about art

specifically about black artists very

generally about the way in which art can

change the way we think about culture

and ourselves my interest is an artists

who understand and rewrite history who

think about themselves within the

narrative of the larger world of art but

who have created new places for us to

see and understand I’m showing two

artists here Glenn Ligon and Carol

Walker two of many who really formed for

me the essential questions that I wanted

to bring as a curator to the world I was

interested in the idea of why and how I

could create a new story a new narrative

in art history and a new narrative in

the world and to do this I knew that I

had to see the way in which artists work

understand the artists studio as

laboratory imagine then reinventing the

museum as a think tank and looking at

the exhibition as the ultimate white

paper asking questions providing the

space to look and to think about answers

in 1994 when I was a curator at the

Whitney Museum

I made an exhibition called black male

it looked at the intersection of race

and gender in contemporary American art

it sought to express the ways in which

art could provide a space for a dialogue

complicated dialogue dialogue with many

many points of entry and how the museum

could be the space for this contest of

ideas this exhibition included over 20

artists of various ages and races but

all looking at black masculinity from a

very particular point of view what was

significant about this exhibition is the

way in which it engaged me in my role as

a curator as a catalyst for this

dialogue one of the things that happened

very distinctly in the course of this

exhibition is I was confronted with the

idea of how powerful images can be in

people’s understanding of themselves in

each other I’m showing you two works one

on the right by Leon Golub one on the

left by Robert Cole Scott and in the

course of the exhibition which was

contentious controversial and ultimately

for me life-changing in my sense of what

art could be a woman came up to me on

the gallery floor to express her concern

about the nature of how powerful images

could be and how we understood each

other and she pointed to the work on the

left - tell me how problematic this

image was as it related for her to the

idea of how black people had been

represented and she pointed to the image

on the right as an example to me of the

kind of dignity that needed to be

portrayed to work against those images

in the media

she then assigned these works racial

identities basically saying to me that

the work on the right

clearly was made by black artists the

work on the left clearly by a white

artist when in effect that was the

opposite case Bob Cole Scott

african-american artist Leon goal of a

white artist the point of that for me

was to say in that space in that moment

that I really more than anything wanted

to understand how images could work how

images did work and how artists provided

a space bigger than one that we could

imagine in our day-to-day lives to work

through these images fast-forward and I

end up in Harlem home for many of black

America very much the psychic heart of

the black experience really the place

where the Harlem Renaissance existed

Harlem now sort of explaining and

thinking of itself in this part of the

century looking both backwards and

forwards I always say Harlem is an

interesting community because unlike

many other places it thinks of itself in

the past present and the future

simultaneously no one speaks of it just

in the now it’s always what it was and

what it can be and in thinking about

that than my second project the second

question I asked is can a museum via

catalyst in a community can a museum

house artists and allow them to be

change agents as communities rethink

themselves

this is Harlem actually on January 20th

thinking about itself in a very

wonderful way so I work now at the

Studio Museum in Harlem thinking about

exhibitions they’re thinking about what

it means to discover arts possibility

now what does this mean to some of you

in some cases I know that many of you

are involved in cross-cultural dialogues

you’re involved in ideas of creativity

and innovation think about the place

that artists can play in that that is

the kind of incubation and advocacy that

I work towards in working with young

black artists think about artists not as

content providers though they can

brilliant at that

but again as real catalyst the studio

museum was founded in the late 60s and I

bring this up because it’s important to

locate

this practice in history to look at 1968

in the incredible historic moment that

is and think of the arc that has

happened since then to think of the

possibilities that we are all privileged

to stand in today and imagine that this

museum that came out of a moment of

great protest and one that was so much

about examining the history and the

legacy of important african-american

artists to the history of art in this

country like Jacob Florence Norman Lewis

Vermeer Bearden and then of course to

bring us to today in 1975 Muhammad Ali

gave a lecture at Harvard University

after his lecture the student got up and

said to him give us a poem and Muhammad

Ali said me we a profound statement

about the individual and the community

the space in which now in my project of

discovery of thinking about artists of

trying to define what might be black art

cultural movement of the 21st century

what that might mean for cultural

movements all over this moment the me we

seems incredibly prescient totally

important to this end the specific

project that has made this possible for

me is a series of exhibitions all titled

with an F freestyle frequency and flow

which have set out to discover and

define the young black artists working

in this moment who I feel strongly will

continue to work over the next many

years this series of exhibitions was

made specifically to try and question

the idea of what it would mean now at

this point in history to see art as a

catalyst what it means now at this point

in history as we define and redefine

culture black culture specifically in my

case but culture generally I name this

group of artists around an idea which I

put out there called post black really

meant to define them as artists who came

and start their work now looking back at

history but start in this moment

historically

it is really in this sense of discovery

that I have a new set of questions that

I’m asking this new set of questions is

what does it mean right now to be

african-american in America

what can artwork say about this where

can a museum exist as the place for us

all to have this conversation really

most exciting about this is thinking

about the energy and the excitement that

young artists can bring their works for

me are about not always just simply

about the aesthetic innovation that

their minds imagined that their visions

create and put out there in the world

but more perhaps importantly through the

excitement of the community that they

create as important voices that would

allow us right now to understand our

situation as well as in the future I am

continually amazed by the way in which

the subject of race can take itself in

many places that we don’t imagine it

should be I am always amazed by the way

in which artists are willing to do that

in their work it is why I look to art

it’s why I ask questions of art it is

why I make exhibitions now this

exhibition as I said 40 young artists

done over a course of eight years and

for me it’s about considering the

implications if considering the

implications of this generation has to

say to the rest of us it’s considering

what it means for these artists to be

both out in the world as their work

travels but in their communities as

people who are seeing and thinking about

the issues that face us it’s also about

thinking about the creative spirit and

nurturing it and imagining particularly

in urban America about the nurturing of

the spirit now where perhaps does this

end up right now for me it is about

reimagining this cultural discourse in

an international context so the last

iteration of this project has been

called flow with the idea now of

creating a

EAL network of artists around the world

really looking not so much from harlem

and out but looking across and flow

looked at artists all born on the

continent of africa and as many of us

think about that continent and think

about what it means to us all in 21st

century I have begun that looking

through artists through artworks and

imagining what they can tell us about

the future what they tell us about our

future and what they create in their

sense of offering us this great

possibility of watching that continent

emerge as part of our bigger dialogue so

what do I discover when I look at

artworks what do I think about when I

think about art I feel like the

privilege I’ve had as a curator is not

just the discovery of new works the

discovery of exciting works but really

it has been what I’ve discovered about

myself and what I can offer in the space

of an exhibition to talk about beauty to

talk about power to talk about ourselves

and to talk and speak to each other

that’s what makes me get up every day

and want to think about this generation

of black artists and artists around the

world thank you

you

才华横溢的剧作家奥黛丽和

肯尼迪写了一本书,名为“

领导我的戏剧的人”,如果我要写

一本书,它会被称为“

领导我的展览的艺术家”,因为我

在理解艺术和

理解文化方面的工作是通过

跟随艺术家 看看

艺术家的意思和他们的所作所为以及

他们是谁 JJ 从美好的时光

对许多人来说当然是因为

dynomite,但也许更重要的是作为

黄金时段电视上的第一批真正的黑人艺术家 jean-michel Basquiat

对我来说很重要,

因为第一个黑人 实时的艺术家

向我展示了

我将要进入

我的整个项目的人和内容的可能性是关于艺术,

特别是关于黑人艺术家,非常

普遍地关于艺术可以

改变我们对文化

和我们自己的看法的方式我的兴趣是

一位理解和改写历史的艺术家,

他们在

更大的艺术世界的叙述中思考自己,但

他们创造了 让我们

看到和理解的新地方 我在这里展示了两位

艺术家 Glenn Ligon 和 Carol

Walker 两位真正为

我形成了我想作为策展人向世界提出的基本问题 我

对为什么的想法很感兴趣 以及我

如何创造一个新故事 一个

艺术史上的新叙事和世界的新叙事

,为此我知道我

必须看到艺术家的工作方式

将艺术家工作室理解为

实验室想象,然后将

博物馆重塑为 一个智囊团,

将展览视为终极

白皮书,提出问题,提供

空间来寻找和思考

答案 1994 年,当我在惠特尼博物馆担任策展人时,

我做了一个名为“黑人男性”的展览,

它着眼于种族的交集

与当代美国艺术中的性别,

它试图表达

艺术可以为对话提供空间的方式

复杂的对话对话与

许多入口点以及博物馆

如何 e 这场思想竞赛的空间

这个展览包括 20

多位不同年龄和种族的艺术家,但他们

都从一个非常特殊的角度看待黑人男子气概,

这个展览的重要意义

在于它让我扮演了

策展人作为这次对话的催化剂

在这次展览过程中发生的一件非常明显的事情

是,我遇到了这样一个

想法:图像

在人们相互了解自己方面有多么强大

我正在向你展示两件作品

右边的一幅是 Leon Golub

左边的一幅是 Robert Cole Scott 在

展览过程中

引起了争议,最终

改变了我的生活

地板表达她对

图像的强大本质

以及我们如何相互理解的担忧

,她指着左边的作品

  • 告诉我这张图像有多有问题

因为这与她

有关如何代表黑人的想法有关

,她指着右边的图像

作为一个例子,向我展示了

需要描绘的那种尊严,

以对抗她随后分配的媒体中的那些图像

这些作品种族

身份基本上对我说

,右边的作品

显然是由黑人艺术家

创作的,左边的作品显然是白人

艺术家创作的

艺术家 对

我来说,那一刻的意义是在那一刻

说,我真的比任何事情

都想了解图像是如何

工作的,图像是如何工作的,以及艺术家如何提供

一个比我们当时所能想象的更大的空间

—— 今天的生活

快速地处理这些图像,我

最终在哈莱姆的家中为许多美国黑人提供了

非常多的黑人体验的精神中心,

真正

的哈莱姆文艺复兴存在的地方 d

哈莱姆现在有点像

在本世纪的这个部分解释和思考自己,

回顾

过去和

向前看 就

在现在,它总是它曾经是

什么,它可以是什么,在思考

这个比我的第二个项目时,我问的第二个

问题是,一个博物馆能否通过

社区中的催化剂来

容纳艺术家并允许他们成为

变革推动者 当社区重新思考

自己时,

这实际上是哈莱姆区,实际上在 1 月 20 日

以一种非常

美妙的方式思考自己,所以我现在

在哈莱姆区的工作室博物馆工作,思考

展览他们正在思考现在

发现艺术可能性

意味着什么这对 你们

中的一些人 在某些情况下 我知道你们中的许多人

都参与了跨文化对话

你参与了创造力

和创新的想法 思考

艺术家可以在其中发挥作用的地方是我在与年轻的黑人艺术家合作时所致力于

的那种孵化和宣传,

他们认为艺术家不是内容提供者,尽管他们可以

在这方面表现出色,

而是再次作为工作室

博物馆成立的真正催化剂 在 60 年代后期,我

提出这一点是因为重要的是要

在历史中定位这种做法,看看 1968

年那令人难以置信的历史性时刻

,想想从那时起发生的弧线,

想想

我们都

有幸获得的可能性 站在今天,想象一下这个

博物馆是在强烈抗议的时刻出现的,

而且它非常

关注

重要的非裔美国

艺术家对这个国家艺术史的历史和遗产,

比如雅各布·弗洛伦斯·诺曼·刘易斯·

维米尔 比尔登当然是

把我们带到今天的 1975 年,穆罕默德·阿里

在他的演讲结束后在哈佛大学做了一次演讲,学生站起来

对他说 gi 给我们一首诗,穆罕默德

·阿里对我说,我们

对个人和社区

进行了深刻的陈述,现在在我的

发现项目中,思考艺术家

试图定义什么可能

是 21 世纪的黑人艺术文化运动

可能意味着

此时此刻的文化运动我们

似乎具有难以置信的先见之明

对此非常重要

使这对

我来说成为可能的具体项目是一系列

以F自由式频率和流动为标题的展览,

这些展览已经开始探索 并

定义在这一刻工作的年轻黑人

艺术家,我强烈认为他们将

在接下来的许多

年里继续工作这一系列展览

是专门为了尝试质疑

在历史上的这个时刻看到艺术意味着什么的想法 作为

催化剂,

在我们定义和重新定义

文化时,它在历史上的这个时刻意味着什么 我

这群艺术家围绕着我

提出的一个名为 post black 的想法,真正

意味着将他们定义为来

并开始他们的工作的艺术家,现在回顾

历史,但从历史的这一刻开始

,我真的是在这种发现的意义上 有一组新的问题

我要问这组新的问题是

什么现在

在美国成为非裔美国人意味着

什么艺术品可以说明这一点在哪里

可以存在博物馆作为我们

所有人拥有这个的地方 真正

最激动人心的谈话是思考

年轻艺术家可以为我带来他们的作品的能量和

兴奋不仅仅是

关于

他们的思想想象他们的愿景

创造并在世界上推出的美学创新,

而是更多 也许重要的是通过

他们创造的社区的兴奋

作为重要的声音,这

将使我们现在了解我们的

情况以及未来我

不断

对种族主题可以在

许多我们认为不

应该的地方出现的方式感到惊讶我总是

对艺术家愿意

在他们的作品中这样做的方式感到惊讶这就是为什么我期待 艺术

这就是我问艺术问题的原因 这

就是我现在做展览的原因 这个

展览正如我所说的 40 位年轻

艺术家在八年的时间里完成

我们其他人正在

考虑,对于这些艺术家来说,

他们的作品在世界各地

旅行,但在他们的社区中,作为

看到和思考

我们面临的问题的人,这意味着什么?这也是

对创造性精神的思考和

培养 尤其是

在美国城市想象现在精神的培养,

对我来说,这可能会在哪里结束,这是关于

在国际背景下重新想象这种文化话语,

所以

这个项目的最后一次迭代被

称为流动,现在的想法是

创建一个

由世界各地的艺术家组成的 EAL 网络,

真的不是从哈林区

和外面看,而是看过去,流动

着眼于出生在

非洲大陆的艺术家,就像 我们中的许多人都会

想到那个大陆,并

思考它对我们所有人在 21

世纪

的意义 他们的

感觉为我们提供

了观看该大陆

作为我们更大对话的一部分出现的巨大可能性所以

当我看艺术品时我会发现

什么当我想到艺术时我在

想什么我觉得

我作为一个有特权的人 策展人

不仅仅是新作品的

发现 激动人心的作品的发现,而是

我对自己的发现

以及我在展览空间中可以提供

的谈话 ut beautiful to

talk about power to talk about our own

and to talk and talk to each other

这就是让我每天起床

并想想想这

一代黑人艺术家和世界各地艺术家的原因

谢谢你们