The Psychology of Working with Elite Athletes

[Music]

good afternoon everybody thank you for

coming

joel fish is my name sports psychologist

licensed psychologist

run the center for sports psychology in

philadelphia and i’ve worked for over 25

years with athletes of all ages and

skill levels from little kids

through the olympic and professional

ranks and my goals here today

is i talk about the psychology of

working with elite and professional

athletes is a to bring you up to date on

what sports psychology and what sports

performance has to say about

working with professional and elite

athletes

b did i give you some idea about what

plan i use

with elite athletes that i hope gives

you a better understanding of how to

work with elite athletes and

professional athletes but also that

you’re able to apply to yourself

or to other recreational athletes or for

those of you that are weekend athletes

and see my other goal is that hopefully

you learn about more about yourself

and somebody else in this room because

if we’re going to talk about mental

preparation

confidence composure concentration what

we call mental skills

i’m hoping that you take what we talk

about today and apply it to yourself

learn something about somebody else in

this room and think about someone who

you may be working with

recreational athlete weekend athlete or

in a leader pro

athlete develop what we call in sports

psychology a mental skills game plan

to help and what i’d like to quickly

walk you through and this is based on my

experience

with working with elite athletes the

professional basketball players on the

left i’m on the right there in case you

need to see that

so all the experience i’m drawing from

with you revolves related to a team

revolves related to work i’ve been doing

with over 25 years

with different professional elite and

olympic athletes

and again i’m drawing on that experience

to help you come up with what we call a

mental game plan and that mental game

plan

is going to be the following the game

plan is i’m always

in terms of my program with athletes

step one helping them to understand what

their own attitudes are

about winning losing success failure

competition

step two identifying certain stressors

and challenges

maybe it’s after the athlete misses a

shot maybe it’s letting go of a bad play

maybe it’s having something somebody say

something to them from the audience

specifically let’s boil in let’s hone in

on specific situations that are

challenging

for you mentally so see we can come up

with a mental skills game plan

strategies techniques that you can apply

towards that challenging situation

and then step four is always to evaluate

tweak the formula if we need be

so i’m going to be going through quickly

this mental skills game plan with you

and again my goal is that it reinforces

certain things you already know

about working with highly talented

people

and that you can apply towards yourself

or be maybe through our conversation

together

gives you some new ways to approach

working with a talented person an elite

professional athlete

to help them with their mental part of

the game so step one

if i’m working with you or anybody else

but certainly when i’m working with

professional lead athletes

i’ll ask you a question that i’ve asked

hundreds maybe thousands

of elite athletes and that question is

what percentage of performance do you

think is mental

and we’re defining mental is confidence

composure concentration

communication teamwork is it ten percent

twenty percent thirty percent fifty

percent eighty percent

because if i’m going to spend time with

you elite athlete olympic athlete

professional athlete i need that buy-in

from you

i need to make sure that you think this

is important

and i can guarantee you just one thing

and one thing only in this talk i’m

giving you today if you ask that

question to an elite athlete

to a recreational athlete to a weekend

out there what percentage of performance

is mental

they’re going to say 30 50 80 percent

mental

so my comeback to that if the game is

largely mental if performance is largely

mental

let’s spend 10 15 minutes a week

10 15 minutes a week if not more talking

about the mental part of the game

thinking about the mental part of the

game strategizing for the mental part of

the game

because i’ll ask you to trust me if we

can improve the mental game three or

five percent

three or five percent i can show you

documentation up to the ceiling that’s

what we call the mental edge

three or five percent for an elite

athlete a pro

athlete any athlete there’s a difference

between going to the fat line

and the game’s on the line with

confidence or with your knee shake

three or five percent in an academic

setting a performance situation giving a

public talk like this is the difference

between standing up in a crowd

and feeling confident again or with your

knees shaking

three or five percent when we’re in a

crowd of people

maybe people we don’t know is the

difference between feeling comfortable

enough that when you’re with a crowd of

people you’re able to look them in the

eye and say hi joel fish nice to meet

you

or you’re with a group of people and you

don’t feel very confident so you spend

half your time looking at the ceiling

you’re looking at the floor

three or five percent is the mental edge

and so i will get the athlete what

percentage is mental it’s largely mental

let’s go to step two which is let’s

identify some specific situations

that are challenging to you mentally

welcome to the club you’re not machines

you’re not robots this is all part of

your player development this is all part

of your personal development

let’s normalize it if you will so

as i said earlier maybe that challenging

situation is letting go of a mistake

maybe it’s after missing a few shots

moving on to the next play

i was working with a field hockey player

very talented national level field

hockey player

the time she had most anxiety if you

will she would tend to overthink

was right before the game so what did we

practice that mental skill

of the sport part of sports psychology

which is mental skills training

we practice what we call positive

self-talk the messages that we give to

ourselves

do influence how we feel how we perform

so her words not mind she came up with a

key word key phrase that was going to

represent her positive self-talk

and before the national anthem and

during the national anthem she’d be

lined up there with all her teammates

take a deep breath and while that

national anthem was playing she would

say to herself

her key word here key phrase her

positive self-talk

just give me the courage to do the best

i can do give me the courage to do the

best i can do and then in a key moment

in a game

she wouldn’t shout it out loud but

sometimes when she’d be running up and

down the field

particularly after a mistake she’d say

to herself the word courage

carriage i can’t believe i carriage

official how could you make courage

sometimes

positive self-talk when we have a

keyword key phrase

that we can direct our thoughts to it

gives us an

anchor for our thoughts and a lot of

elite athletes a lot of professional

athletes olympic athletes

are playing under a big microscope i

would never say to you i’d never say to

any athlete

don’t feel anxiety don’t feel stressed

don’t feel anything but if you do

let’s talk about a plan help you manage

that emotion just a little bit better

be in control that emotion rather than

emotion be in control of you positive

self-talk

give me the courage to do the best i can

do other mantras that we help athletes

come up with is something that we

practice with them so in a key moment of

a game

when they’re in that challenging mental

situation they can redirect their

thoughts

back to that anchor gain perspective

stay in the moment other sports

strategies i work with elite athletes

and the sport part of sports psychology

the mental skills training

it’s just maybe relax

and how to take that deep breath

and slow down like i’m doing with you

right now

because when you slow down heartbeat

slows down blood pressure slow

blood rate slows down but a lot of us

especially competitors

competitor within us when things aren’t

going our way we don’t slow down because

we have these messages

i gotta bear down i gotta try hard try

harder sometimes we do but my work with

elite athletes

pro athletes talented people

nine out of 10 times it’s not about

trying harder

it’s about slowing down

regaining composure be in control of

those emotions rather

those emotions being in control of the

purse

maybe we’ll practice focus techniques

concentration techniques

okay how to improve that

because i really really believe that

there are strategies techniques

ways that we can teach our elite

athletes

to improve their concentration their

focus

and rather than me just talking about it

let me demonstrate with you what i do

sometimes with some elite athletes with

the goal

of improving focus concentration

so i’m going to give all of you five or

six different commands i’m going to ask

you to see something hear something feel

something

i’m going to ask you to shift your

attention and i want to see how well

you’re able to follow my commands and

direct your thoughts

direct your attention direct your focus

towards where i ask you to do it

okay choose to look me in the eye

choose to be aware of the sounds coming

from outside this room

choose to be aware of the feeling in

your right foot wherever it rests

wherever it lies

choose to shift your attention to your

left foot and be aware of your left foot

wherever it rests wherever it lies

choose to listen to the sound of the

ventilation system

choose to be aware of your right foot

choose to look me in the eye

at ease were you able to hang in there

with me

what word did i use more than any other

word choose to

because when you’re choosing to look me

in the eye you’re not aware of the

sounds coming from outside

when you’re choosing to be aware of your

right foot you know to wear the feelings

in your left foot we have tremendous

power

i believe a focused concentration when

we’re coming from a place of choice

choose to bear down choose to lighten up

choose to move on to the next play

choose to have an attitude of learning

and improving i would never say to any

athlete

and we talk about this a lot in the

psychology of working with the lead and

professional athletes

block this out block this out don’t

think that don’t think that because you

know what happens if i say to you block

that out don’t think about it don’t

think about it

all of a sudden you’re thinking about it

it’s like me telling you don’t think

about your belly button don’t think all

of a sudden you’re thinking about it but

when you’re choosing to be in the moment

choosing to move on to the next play

choosing to calm down that gives us

power us control

a really important concentration

technique that i think

we can teach recreational athletes

weekend athletes but that i do with

professional athletes with

olympic athletes with elite performers

the other parts of sport from the sports

psychology it might be mental

preparation what do you like to do the

night before a game an hour before your

game 10 minutes before the game

individual differences let’s try to

learn from our experience to be able to

identify and then apply those ideas

visualization where you watch yourself

the night before a game

and you just imagine three scenarios

that might come up in that game that

next day or that performance

imagine a good scenario okay scenario

and not okay scenario how do you want to

look how do you want to feel

the idea behind visualization is when

you watch yourself perform in a certain

way when you’re in that situation you

feel like you’ve been there before

and if you feel like you’ve been there

before you’re going to be more in

control you feel more in control you’re

going to feel more self-confident

you feel more self-confident your

natural talent is going to flow

the athlete’s the one that’s told me

performance is 30

50 80 percent mental okay so we’re going

to spend 15 minutes a week or hopefully

more

talking about it thinking about it

developing strategies for it

because if we can improve that three or

five percent that’s the mental edge

that’s a sport part of sport performance

in psychology

the psychology part that i work with

with elite athletes has to do with

anything in their personal life

that can be impacting on their

performance so i’ve talked with elite

and professional athletes for 25 years

anxiety stress relationships real world

stuff

welcome to the club you’re not a robot

you’re not a machine

so for example i had an elite golfer a

pro golf or pga golfer just two weeks

ago said to me joel i’m in a slump

what’s your slump be more specific with

the stressor

let’s put together a mental game plan

for it he goes i’m leading these

tournaments in the 16th 17th and 18th

round i can’t close it out

well in five minutes i said tell me

about yourself in five minutes he’s

talking about his mother father his

family and to make a long story short he

left college

early in order to pursue a professional

golf career

and whenever against the wishes of his

parents against the wishes of

who became now his wife and whenever he

was in a position to close out a

tournament

prove to them i made the right decision

i made the right decision he would

tighten his

grip wasn’t able to pot

we ended up spending a lot of time

talking about his parents

about proving himself about his wife

that’s a psychology case

all normal stuff that we can’t just turn

it off on and off when we’re on the

playing field sometimes

there’s a sport part the mental skills

training part and sometimes it’s a

psychology part because if there’s some

underlying

issue that’s kind of there we need to

really address that understand it

help you with that so that your natural

talent can flow

there’s no magic to any of this stuff

but since that time he’s really really

improved

his finishing tournaments his putting

he’s the one that said to me i feel

freer inside

because in psychology we always say it’s

better to get things out rather than to

keep it in

so my work with elite and professional

athletes with people in general

it’s about sometimes trying to find out

what the root of their feelings are

that’s the psychology part

we can improve the mental game we can

improve

that three or five percent that’s what

the psychology of working with

athletes is all about think of it this

way if we improve one percentage point a

week

in the middle part of the game we can be

here two weeks later we’re here four

weeks later here

two months later we’re here we can

improve that three or five percent

we can train the mind i believe that we

can change

now an example just last march that

really

you know brought that to my own

attention i used to be very shy very shy

painfully shy sometimes it’s hard for me

to believe i can get up in front of a

group like this and do this and i went

to my 40th college reunion

and sure enough probably 10 people came

up to me at that point said something

like joel you’re still shy

you know speak up joel can’t hear you

we can change we can change you and i

can change

but it takes practice it takes work

it takes developing a mental game plan

it takes buy-in

step one what percentage is mental step

two let’s hone in on some specific

situations

so this step three we can develop a

mental skills game plan to address that

situation

okay improvement is gradual if we’re

working on positive self-talk

if one time out of ten this week you’re

getting down on yourself frustrated but

you click in and say something like

give me the courage to do the best i can

do and you know it helps

me to be in a moment let go of that play

good it helped you one out of 10 times

this week maybe it’ll help you two out

of 10 times next week

that’s the way mental skills training

works it’s little by little by little

but when we have that game plan and we

practice it and we’re committed to it

and we’re open to talking about the

sport performance part but the

psychology part this is what i feel this

is what i think

we can improve that three or five

percent to gain what we call the mental

edge

my wish to all of you watching this is

good luck in creating those positive

sports memories for yourself

good luck in creating all those positive

memories for all those people that you

work with

good luck moving forward and good luck

in gaining the mental edge thank you

very much

everybody really appreciate it thank you

[音乐]

大家下午好,谢谢你的

到来

乔尔·菲什是我的名字运动心理学家

持牌

心理学家在费城经营运动心理学中心

,我已经

与从小孩到奥运会的各个年龄段和技能水平的运动员一起工作了超过 25 年

和专业

级别以及我今天在这里的目标

是我谈论

与精英和专业

运动员合作的心理是为了让您了解最新

的运动心理学和运动

表现对

与专业和精英运动员合作的看法

b 我做了什么 让您了解我

与精英运动员一起使用的计划,我希望这能让

您更好地了解

如何与精英运动员和

职业运动员一起工作,而且

您也可以申请自己

或其他休闲运动员或

那些 你们是周末运动员

,看到我的另一个目标是希望

你们能更多地了解自己

和这个房间里的其他人,因为

如果我们要谈论心理

准备

自信 沉着 专注

我们称之为心理技能

我希望你把我们

今天讨论的内容应用到自己

身上 了解

这个房间里的其他人,想想

你可能会遇到的人 与

休闲运动员周末运动员

或领导职业

运动员一起工作 制定我们在运动

心理学中所说的心理技能游戏计划

以提供帮助以及我想快速

引导您完成的内容,这是基于我

与精英运动员合作的经验

左边的职业篮球运动员

我在右边,以防你

需要看到

所以我从你那里汲取的所有经验都

团队有关,与我

从事超过 25 年的工作有关

与不同的专业精英和

奥林匹克运动员一起

,我再次利用这些经验

来帮助您制定我们所谓的

心理游戏计划,而该心理游戏

计划将是 下面的比赛

计划是我一直

在与运动员一起制定我的计划

第一步帮助他们了解

自己

对赢得失败失败

比赛的态度

第二步确定某些压力源

和挑战

也许是在运动员错过一次

投篮之后 它放弃了一场糟糕的比赛,

也许它让

观众对他们说了什么,

特别是让我们沸腾,让我们磨练在

精神上对你有挑战性的特定情况,所以看看我们可以

想出一个心理技能游戏计划

策略技术 你可以申请

那个具有挑战性的情况

,然后第四步总是评估

调整公式,如果我们需要的话,

所以我会

和你一起快速完成这个心理技能游戏计划

,我的目标是它加强

你的某些事情 已经

知道与才华横溢的人一起工作,

并且您可以申请自己

或通过我们的conver sation

together

为您提供了一些新的方法来

与有才华的人一起工作 精英

职业

运动员帮助他们

在比赛中的心理部分所以

如果我与您或其他任何人一起工作,那么第一步

当然是当我与专业人士一起工作时

领队运动员

我会问你一个问题,我已经问过

数百甚至数千

名精英运动员,这个问题是

你认为多少百分比的表现

是精神上的

,我们正在定义精神上是自信

沉着 专注

沟通 团队合作 是百分之十吗

二十 百分之三十 百分之五十

百分之八十

因为如果我要花时间和

你在一起 精英运动员 奥林匹克运动员

职业运动员 我需要

你的支持

我需要确保你认为这

重要 我可以向你保证只有一个

我今天要给你的只有在这次谈话中的一

件事 表现的参与

是心理的,

他们会说 30 50 80% 的

心理,

所以我的回归是,

如果比赛很大程度上是心理上

的 游戏

的心理部分 考虑游戏

的心理部分 为游戏的心理部分制定策略,

因为如果我们能改进心理游戏,我会请你相信我

百分之

三或五 百分之三或五 我可以给你看

文档 达到上限,这

就是我们所说的精神优势

精英运动员的 3% 或 5%

职业

运动员 任何运动员

达到肥胖线

和比赛的上线与

信心或膝盖摇晃

3% 或 5% 之间存在差异 在学术

环境中,进行这样的公开演讲的表演情境

在人群中站起来

并再次感到自信或

膝盖颤抖

3% 或 5% 之间的区别 n 我们在一

大群

人中 也许我们不认识的人

是感觉

足够舒服以至于当你和一大群

人在一起时你能够直视他们的

眼睛并和乔尔鱼打招呼的区别 遇到

你,

或者你和一群人在一起,

你感觉不太自信,所以你把

一半的时间花在天花板上

你在地板上看

3% 或 5% 是精神优势

,所以我会得到 运动员

精神的百分比 主要是精神

让我们进入第二步,让我们

确定一些对你有挑战性的特定情况 精神上

欢迎来到俱乐部 你不是机器

你不是机器人 这都是

你球员发展的一部分 这是

你个人发展的所有部分,

如果你愿意,让我们把它正常化,

就像我之前说的那样,也许充满挑战的

情况就是放弃一个错误,

也许是在错过几杆

之后继续下一场比赛

我正在和一个

非常有天赋的曲棍球运动员一起工作 国家级

曲棍球运动员

,如果你愿意的话,她最焦虑的时候,

她往往会想得太多

,就在比赛开始之前,所以我们

练习

了运动心理学

的心理技能部分,即心理技能训练,

我们练习我们所谓的积极

自言自语我们给

自己的信息

确实会影响我们对自己表现的感觉,

所以她的话不介意她想出了一个

关键词,这将

代表她积极的自言自语

,在国歌之前和

在 国歌她会

和她所有的队友一起排在

那里深呼吸当

国歌演奏时她会对

自己说

她的关键词在这里她

积极的自我谈话

只是给我勇气去做最好的

我 can do 给我勇气去做我能做的

最好,然后在比赛的关键时刻

她不会大声喊出来,但

有时她会在场上跑来跑去,

尤其是在失误之后 ke 她会对

自己说勇气马车这个词

我不敢相信我马车

官方你怎么能鼓起勇气

有时

积极的自我对话当我们有一个

关键字关键

短语我们可以将我们的想法引导到它

给我们一个

锚点 想法和很多

精英运动员 很多职业

运动员 奥林匹克

运动员在大显微镜下比赛 我

永远不会对你说 我永远不会对

任何运动员

说 不要感到焦虑 不要感到压力

不要感到任何东西 如果你愿意,

让我们谈谈一个计划,帮助你

更好

地控制情绪

帮助运动员

想出一些事情是我们

与他们一起练习的,所以在比赛的关键时刻,

当他们处于那种充满挑战的精神

状态时,他们可以将他们的

思想

重新引导到那个锚点上,获得观点

留在其他运动的那一刻

我与精英运动员一起工作的策略

以及运动心理学的运动部分

心理技能训练

它可能只是放松

以及如何深呼吸

并像我现在和你一起做的那样放慢速度,

因为当你放慢心跳时

会减慢血压 缓慢的

血液速度会减慢,但我们中的很多人,

尤其是

我们内部的竞争对手,当事情不

顺利时,我们不会放慢速度,因为

我们有这些信息,

我必须忍受我必须

努力,有时我们会努力,但我的工作 与

精英运动员

职业运动员

10 次中有 9 次有才华的人 不是要

更加努力

而是要放慢速度

恢复镇定 控制

这些情绪,而不是

那些情绪 控制

钱包

也许我们会练习专注技巧

专注技巧

好吧如何 改进这一点,

因为我真的相信

有一些策略技术

方法可以教我们的精英

运动员提高他们的注意力 关于他们的

注意力

,而不是我只是谈论它,

让我向你们展示我

有时会与一些精英运动员

一起做什么,以

提高注意力集中度,

所以我会给你们所有人五

六个不同的命令我要去 让

你看东西 听东西 感觉

东西

我要让你转移

注意力 我想看看

你是否能很好地遵循我的命令并

引导你的想法

引导你的注意力 将你的注意力

指向我问的地方 你做这

行 选择直视我的眼睛

选择注意从房间外传来的声音

选择注意

右脚的感觉 无论它在

哪里

选择将注意力转移到

左脚 并注意你的左脚,

无论它在哪里休息

选择聆听通风系统的声音

选择注意你的右脚

选择放松地看着我的眼睛

如果你能挂在

我用什么词比任何其他

词选择的词都多,

因为当你选择看着我

的眼睛

时,当你选择注意你的右脚时,你并没有意识到来自外面的声音

你知道把感情用

在你的左脚上我们有巨大的

力量

我相信当

我们来自一个选择的地方时集中注意力

选择忍耐选择放松

选择继续下一场比赛

选择有一个态度 关于学习

和提高我永远不会对任何运动员说

,我们在

与领先和专业运动员合作的心理学中谈论了很多

阻止这个 阻止这个 不

认为那 不认为那 因为你

知道会发生什么 如果我对你说阻止

它不要考虑它不要

突然考虑它你正在考虑

它就像我告诉你不要

考虑你的肚脐不要考虑

所有 突然你在想它,但是

当你选择的时候 唱到当下

选择继续下一场比赛

选择冷静下来 让我们有

能力控制

一种非常重要的专注

技巧 我认为

我们可以教休闲运动员

周末运动员 但我对

职业运动员和

奥运会运动员这样做 精英表演者

运动的其他部分 运动

心理学 可能是心理

准备

比赛前一小时你喜欢做什么 比赛前一小时

比赛前 10 分钟

个体差异 让我们尝试

从我们的经验中学习,以便能够

识别并应用这些想法

可视化你

在比赛前一天晚上观察自己的地方

,你只是想象第二天

比赛中可能出现的三个场景

或表现

想象一个好的场景 好的场景

和不好的场景 你想怎么做

看看你想如何感受

可视化背后的想法是当

你观察自己以某种

方式表现时 在那种情况下,您会

感觉自己以前曾经去过那里

,如果您感觉自己以前去过那里

,那么您将

更有控制力

  • 相信你的

天赋会

发挥 运动员的能力 告诉我的

表现是 30

% 50 80% 精神上还可以,所以我们将

每周花 15 分钟或希望

更多地

谈论它,考虑

为它制定策略,

因为如果 我们可以提高 3

% 或 5% 的心理优势

,这是心理学运动表现的一个运动

部分 我与精英运动员一起工作的心理学部分

他们个人生活

中可能影响他们

表现的任何事情有关,所以我 与精英

和职业运动员交谈了 25 年

或者是 Pga 高尔夫球手就在

两周前对我说,乔尔,我处于低迷状态

,你的低迷状态是什么?更具体地说

明压力源

让我们为它制定一个心理游戏计划

,他说,我将

在第 16 轮、第 17 轮和第 18

轮领先这些锦标赛 我不能

在五分钟内结束它 我说在五分钟内告诉我

你自己 他在

谈论他的母亲父亲 他的

家人 长话短说 他

提前离开大学以追求职业

高尔夫生涯

并且每当遇到反对 他

父母的意愿与

现在成为他妻子的意愿相反,无论何时

他能够结束一场

比赛

,都向他们证明了我做出了正确的决定

我们最终花了很多时间

谈论他的父母

,以证明自己关于他的妻子

这是一个心理学案例,

所有正常的东西我们不能

只是在比赛场地上打开和关闭它

有时

会有一个运动 t 部分心理技能

培训部分,有时它是

心理学部分,因为如果存在一些

潜在

问题,我们需要

真正解决,理解它会

帮助你解决这个问题,以便你的

天赋可以流动

,这些东西都没有魔法

但从那以后,他真的真的

提高

了自己的完赛

成绩 对一般人来说,

有时会试图找出

他们感受的根源是什么,

这是心理学部分

我们可以改善心理游戏 我们可以

提高 3% 或 5% 这就是

与运动员一起工作的心理学

的全部内容 想想看

这样,如果我们

在比赛中段每周提高一个百分点,我们可以

在两周后到达这里 我们在四周后到达这里

两个月后我们到了这里 我们可以

提高百分之三或五

我们可以训练头脑 我相信我们

现在

可以改变 害羞

害羞 害羞 有时 我

很难相信我能在

这样的一群人面前站起来做这件事 我参加

了我的第 40 次大学同学

会 果然当时大概有 10 个人

来找我说

joel you ‘仍然害羞

你知道说出来乔尔听不见你

我们可以改变我们可以改变你我

可以改变

但需要练习需要

工作需要制定心理游戏

计划需要支持

第一步心理的百分比是多少

第二步让我们在一些特定

情况下进行磨练,

所以第三步我们可以制定一个

心理技能游戏计划来解决这种

情况

如果我们正在

努力进行积极的自我对话,

那么改善是渐进的如果本周有十次你是

放下你的 自我沮丧,但

你点击并说

给我勇气去做我能做的最好的

事情,你知道这对

有帮助

下周会在十分之二的情况下帮助你

这就是心理技能训练的

工作方式 一点一点地进行,

但是当我们制定了游戏计划并进行

练习并致力于它

并且我们愿意谈论

运动表现部分,但

心理部分,这就是我的感觉,这

是我认为

我们可以提高 3% 或 5

% 以获得我们所谓的心理

优势的部分

我希望所有观看的人都能

在创造这些积极的

运动时好运 给自己的回忆

祝你好运,

为所有与你合作的人创造所有积极的回忆