Natural pest control ... using bugs Shimon Steinberg
but lover myself not from childhood by
the way but rather late when I bachelor
the major use ology Tel Aviv University
I kind of fell in love with butts and
then within Salah G I took the course of
the discipline of entomology the science
of incense then I thought myself how can
I be practical or or helped in the size
of entomology then I moved to the world
of plant protection plant protection
from insects for bedbugs and then within
plant protection I came into the
discipline of biological pest control
which we actually define as the use of
living organisms to reduce populations
of noxious plant pests so it’s a whole
discipline in Atlanta textured the a big
introduction of chemicals and biological
pest control by the way or these good
bugs that we are talking about they
existed the world for thousands of
thousands of years for a long long time
but only they happen in last hundred and
twenty years people started or people
view more and more how to explore to how
to use this biological controls
phenomenon or in fact natural control
phenomena to their own needs because
phenomena you can see it in your
backyard just take a magnifying glass to
see what they have here
that’s a magnifier times ten yeah times
ten just open it you just twist leaves
and you see a whole new world of by in
hood
or little spiders of 1 millimeter 1 and
1/2 2 meter meter mere millimeters long
and you can distinguish between the good
ones and the bad ones so this phenomenon
of of mental control exists literally
everywhere here in front of this
building got you just have a look at the
plans so is everywhere and we need to
know how to exploit it
well let us know just hand by hand and
browse through just a few examples
what is a pest what damage it actually
flips on the plant and what is the
natural enemy define a logical control
agent or the good bug that we are
talking about in general I’m going to
talk about insects and spiders or bites
let us call them insensitive select
organisms and spider or mice the eight
left organisms let’s have a look at that
here is the best devastating test a
spider bite because it has a lot of
weapon like a spider you see the mother
in between and two daughters probably on
the left and right and a single egg on
the right hand side and then you see
what type of damage it can inflict on
your right hand side you can see
cucumber leaves and in the middle
cotton leaf and on the left and tomato
leaf with these little stippling they
can literally turn from green to white
because of the sucky Piercy about parts
of those spiders but here comes nature
that provides us with a good spider
this is a predatory mud just as small as
the spider mite by the way what maybe
two two millimeter long not more than
that brawny quickly hunting chasing the
spider mites and here you can see this
lady in action on your left hand side
just pierces such the body fluids on the
left-hand side of the test might and
after five minutes
you see just typical dead corpse
shriveled sucked out their ports of the
spider mine and thanks to it to satiated
individuals of predatory minds a mother
on the left hand side a young lives on
the right hand side by the way a meal
for them for 24 hours are about five
individuals of the spider mites of the
bed mites and or 15 to 20 eggs of the
pest mites by the way they are hungry
always and there is another example 80s
by the way springtime now in Israel when
temperature rises sharply you can see
those red ones those aphids all over the
plants in your hibiscus in your Montana
the young fresh foliage of the spring
flush so cold by the way with a fees you
have only females like Amazon’s females
give you brystol females if you rise to
other females no bells at all
parthenogenesis was so cold and they are
very happy with that the parents here
you can see the damage because ages
secrete some sticky sugary liquid called
honeydew and this just flops the upper
part of the plant you see typical
cucumber leaf that turned actually from
green to black because it’s a black
fungus mold which is covering it
and here comes the salvation through
this parasitic wasp here we’re not
talking about the predator here we are
talking about a parasite not a
two-legged parasite but an eight-legged
parasite oh yeah this is a parasitic
wasps again two metres long slender and
very quick and it sharp
flyer and here you can see this parasite
in action like in an acrobatic maneuver
she stands visa fee in front of the
victim on the right hand side then
his abdomen and inserting a single egg a
single egg into the body fluids of the
18th by the way the ethic tries to
escape
chee-chee-chee kicks and brights and
secretes different liquids but nothing
will happen
in fact only the egg of the parasitoid
will be inserted into the body fluids of
the Enfield and after a few days depends
on temperature the egg will hatch and
the larvae of this parasite will eat the
a seed from the inside and after and
this is all natural
this is all natural this is mummies mu
mm why this is the visual result of a
dead egg filled you come to see inside
in fact a developing parasitoid that
after a few minutes you see half way out
the breath is almost complete you can
see by the way the food movies etc and
then it takes just a few minutes and if
this is a female she will immediately
mate with the male and off she goes
because time is very short this female
can be only three to four days and she
needs to give rise to around 400 eggs
that means she has 400 bad egg leads to
put her eggs into the body fluids that
is of course not the end of it there is
a whole wealth of other natural enemies
that this is just the last example again
we’ll start first with the test the
thrips what way all these weird names I
bother you with the last night of
okay just a popular names but this is a
nice slather very bad best if you can
see this sweet peppers this is not just
an exotic ornamental sweet pepper this
is a sweet pepper which is not
consumable because it is suffering from
a viral disease transmitted by those
three petals and you’ve got the natural
enemy my roots pirate bug my root
because it is rather small yeah you can
see the adult leg and two young ones and
again in action this adult pierces the
trips sucking it within just several
minutes just going to the other prey
continuing all over the place if we
spread those mighty private parts the
good ones for example in a sweet pepper
plot they go to the flowers and look
this flower is flooded with predatory
birds with the good ones after wiping
out the bad ones
that’s ribs so this is a very positive
situation by the way know how to be
developing fruit no heart to the fruit
set everything is just fine under these
circumstances but again the question is
superior Sultan what I want to want base
is a the best the natural remedy what we
do is actually this in the Northeast
Israel in kibbutz there now there is a
facility that mass-produces those
natural enemies in other words what we
do there we amplify we amplify the
natural control or the biological
control phenomenon in 30,000 square
meters of state-of-the-art greenhouses
there we are mass producing those
predatory mites those mighty pirate bugs
those parasitic wasps etc etc in many
different parts by the way they have a
very nice landscape sweety Jordanian
mountains on one hand and they D total
Valley on the other hand and a good
mild winter and a nice hot supper which
is an excellent
conditioned to mass-produce those
creatures hey by the way mass production
it is not genetic manipulation there are
no here of genetically modified
organisms whatsoever take them from
nature and the only thing that we do we
give them the optimal conditions under
the greenhouses or in the climate rules
in order to proliferate multiplied every
produce and that’s what we get in fact
you see under a microscope you see on
the upper left corner you see the single
predatory mite and this is the whole
bunch of predatory mites you see this
Apple you see this one I had one gram of
those predatory mites what grams
eighteen thousand individuals eighty
thousand individuals are good enough to
control one acre four thousand square
meters of his strawberry plot again
spider mites for the whole season
of almost one year and we can produce
from this believe you me several dozens
of kilograms on an annual basis so this
is what I’d call amplification of the
phenomenon and no we do not disrupt the
balance on the contrary because we bring
it to agricultural plot work the balance
or what’s already disrupted by the
Capitol’s here we talk with those
natural enemies in order to reverse a
little bit the wheel and to bring more
natural balance to the agricultural plot
by reducing those standards that’s the
whole idea then what is the impact in
this table we can actually see what is
an impact of a successful biological
control by good bugs for example in
Israel where we employed more than 1000
hectares 5,000 dunams
the Israeli terms of biological pest
control eat sweet pepper under
protection
75% of the pesticides were actually
reduced and Israeli strawberries even
wore 80% of the pesticide especially
those aid against
pest mites in strawberries so the impact
is very strong there was the question
especially if you ask the rowers
agriculturists why biological control
why good bugs by the way the number of
answers you get equals to the number of
people you ask but if we go for example
to this place southeast Israel they are
very about the Great Rift Valley where
the really top-notch control of the
Israeli agriculture is located
especially other greenhouse conditions
or other screenhouse conditions if you
drive all the way to a lot you see this
you see the because of the desert and if
you zoom in you can definitely watch
this bread Paris with her grandchildren
distribute the battle enemies the good
works instead of wearing special clothes
and gas mask and apply chemicals so
safety with respect to the application
this is not one answer that we get from
growers why biological control number
two many growers are infected petrified
from the idea of resistance that the
tests will become resistant to the
chemicals just in our case the bacteria
become resistant to antibiotics it’s the
same and it can happen very quickly
fortunately is the biological control or
interventional control the resistance is
extremely rare it hardly happens because
this is evolution this is the natural
issue
unlike resistance which happens in the
case of chemicals and thirdly public
demand public demand the more the public
the public demands reduction of
chemicals for growers
become aware of the fact they should
wherever they can and wherever possible
to replace the chemical control with
even here there is another grower you
see very interested in the birds the
dead ones in the good
wearing this magnifier already on her
head just walking safely in her prob
finally I were to get to activate to my
vision or in fact my dream because you
see this is their reality have a look at
the gap if we take the overall turnover
of the fire control industry worldwide
is 250 billion dollars and look at the
overall pesticide industry in all the
crops throughout the world
I think it’s times 100 or something like
that 25 billion so there’s a huge gap to
bridge so actually how can we do it how
can we bridge or that’s a narrow this
graph this gap in the course of the
years first of all we need to find more
robust good and reliable biological
solutions more robust that we can either
mass-produce or actually observed in the
field secondly to create even more
intensive and straight public demand to
reductive temples in every cultural
fresh produce and thirdly also to
increase awareness by the growers to the
potential of this industry and this gap
really narrows step by step with us
there so I think my last slide is all we
are saying we can actually see it give
nature a chance so I’m saying it on
behalf of all the biocontrol
practitioners and into matter
in Israel and abroad really did major a
chance