The day I turned down Tim BernersLee Ian Ritchie

well we all know the world wide web is

absolutely transformed publishing

broadcasting Commerce and social

connectivity the where did it all come

from

and I’ve quote three people Vannevar

Bush Doug Engelbart and Tim berners-lee

so let’s just run through these guys

this is Vannevar Bush Vannevar Bush was

the US government’s chief scientific

adviser during the war and in 1945 he

published an article in a magazine

called Atlantic Monthly and the article

was called as we may think and what

Vannevar Bush was saying was the way we

use information is broken we we don’t

work in terms of libraries and catalog

systems and so forth the brain works by

association with one item in its thought

is snaps to insulator the next item and

the way information is structured is

totally incapable of keeping up with

this process and so he suggested a

machine and he called that the Memex and

the Memex would link information one

piece of information to a related piece

of information and so forth now this was

in 1945 a computer in those days was

something that Secret Service’s just

used for code breaking and it was

absolutely you know nobody knew anything

about it so this was before the computer

was invented and he proposed this

machine called the Memex and he had a

platform where you linked information to

other information and then you could

call it up at will so spitting forward

one of the guys who read this article

was a guy called Doug Engelbart and he

was a US Air Force officer and he was

reading it in a library in the Far East

and he was so inspired by this article

it kind of directed the rest of his life

and by the mid-60s he was able to put

this into action when he worked at the

Stanford Research Lab in California

he built a system a system was designed

to augment human intelligence it was

called and in a premonition of today’s

world of cloud computing and software as

a service the system was called

nls for online system and this is a dog

anger bar he was giving a presentation

at the fall joint computer conference in

1968 when he showed he sat on a stage

like this and he demonstrated this

system he had his head make like I’ve

got and he watch this system

you can see his working between

documents and graphics and so forth and

he’s driving at all with this this

platform here with a Fivefinger keyboard

and the world’s first computer mouse

which he specially designed in order to

do this system so this is where the most

came from as well so it’s with Doug

Engelbart the trouble with Doug

Engelbart system was the the computers

in those days cost several million

pounds so for a personal computer you

know a few million pounds was like a

personal jet plane it wasn’t really very

practical but spin on to the 80s when

personal computers did arrive then there

was room for this kind of system on

personal computers and my company owl

built a system called gate for the Apple

Macintosh and we delivered the world’s

first hypertext system and this began to

get ahead of Steven Apple introduced a

thing called HyperCard

they made a bit of fuss about it they

had a 12-page subsequent in the Wall

Street Journal that they launched the

magazine started to cover it byte

magazine communications of the ACM had

special issues covering hypertext and we

developed a PC version of this product

as well as the Macintosh version and our

PC version became quite mature these are

some examples of the system in action in

the late 80s

you were able to deliver documents we

were able to do over networks we

developed the system so it had a markup

language based on HTML we call the HTML

hypertext markup language and the system

was capable of doing very very large

documentation systems over computer

networks so I do this system to a trade

show in Versailles near Paris in late

November 1990 and it was a fruit by a

nice young man called Tim berners-lee

who say the you Ian Ritchie I said yeah

and he said I need to talk to you and he

told me about his proposed system called

the World Wide Web and I thought well

that’s kind of pretentious name it’s

basically the whole system ran out his

computer in his office but he was

completely convinced that his world wide

web would take over the world one day

and I tried to persuade me to write the

browser for it because his system didn’t

have any graphics or fonts or Lea or

anything it was just just plain text and

I thought well you know interesting but

a guy from Satan he’s not going to do

this so we we didn’t do it in the next

couple of years the hypertext community

didn’t recognize him either in 1992 his

paper was rejected for the hypertext

conference

in 1993 there was a table at the

conference in Seattle and a guy called

Marc Andreessen was demonstrating his

little browser for the World Wide Web

and I saw it and I thought yep

that’s it and the very next year in 1984

we had the conference here in Edinburgh

and I had no opposition and having Tim

berners-lee as the keynote speaker so

that puts me in pretty illustrious

company with a guy called dick Rowe who

was a Decca Records and turned down the

Beatles there was a guy called gary

kildall who went flying his plane when

IBM came looking for an operating system

for the IBM PC and he wasn’t there so

they went back to see Bill Gates and the

12 publishers who turned down JK

Rowling’s Harry Potter I guess on the

other hand there’s Marc Andreessen who

wrote the world’s first roser for the

world wide web and according to Fortune

magazine he’s worth 700 million dollars

but is he happy

好吧,我们都知道万维网

绝对改变了出版

广播商业和社交

连接这一切都是从哪里来

,我引用了三个人 Vannevar

Bush Doug Engelbart 和 Tim berners-lee

所以让我们来看看这些人,

这就是 Vannevar Bush Vannevar Bush 在战争期间

是美国政府的首席科学

顾问,1945 年他

在一本名为《大西洋月刊》的杂志上发表了一篇文章

,这篇文章

的名称与我们可能想象的一样,而

Vannevar Bush 所说的是

我们使用信息的方式被打破了。 我们

不是在图书馆和目录

系统等方面工作,大脑通过

与一个项目相关联来工作,它的想法

是快速绝缘下一个项目,

信息的结构方式

完全无法跟上

这个过程,所以 他建议使用一

台机器,并称 Memex

和 Memex 将信息

一条信息链接到一条相关

信息,并且 等等现在这是

在 1945 年,当时的一台计算机是

特勤局用来破解密码的东西,

绝对你知道没有人

对此一无所知,所以这是在

计算机发明之前,他提出了这

台名为 Memex 的机器, 他有一个

平台,您可以在其中将信息与

其他信息联系起来,然后您可以

随意调用它,所以

阅读这篇文章的人之一

是一个名叫 Doug Engelbart 的人,他

是一名美国空军军官,他正在

阅读它 在远东的一个图书馆里

,他对这篇文章的启发如此之大,以至于在某种程度上

指导了他的余生

一个系统 一个系统

旨在增强人类智能,它被

称为,在

当今云计算和软件即服务世界的预感中,

该系统被称为

在线系统的 nls,这是广告 og

anger bar 他

在 1968 年秋季联合计算机会议上发表演讲,

当时他展示了他坐在这样的舞台上

并演示了这个

系统,他的脑袋和我的一样

,他看着这个系统,

你可以看到他的 在

文档和图形等之间工作,

他在这个平台上开车,

这里有一个五指键盘

和世界上第一个电脑鼠标

,他专门设计

了这个系统,所以这也是大多数

人的来源,所以它是 Doug

Engelbart 系统的问题在于,当时的计算机要

花费数百万

英镑,因此对于一台个人计算机来说,您

知道几百万英镑就像一架

私人喷气式飞机,它并不是很

实用,但可以追溯到 80 年代 当

个人电脑确实到货时,个人电脑上有

这种系统的空间

,我的公司 owl

为 Apple Macintosh 构建了一个名为 gate 的系统

,我们交付了 wo rld 的

第一个超文本系统,这

开始领先于 Steven Apple 推出了一种

叫做 HyperCard 的东西,

他们对此有点大惊小怪,他们

在《华尔街日报》上发表了 12 页的后续

文章,他们推出了该

杂志,开始报道字节

杂志通讯 ACM 有

涉及超文本的特殊问题,我们

开发了该产品的 PC 版本

以及 Macintosh 版本,我们的

PC 版本变得相当成熟,这些是

80 年代后期运行的系统的一些示例,

您能够交付我们的文件

我们

开发了这个系统,所以它有一种

基于 HTML 的标记语言,我们称之为 HTML

超文本标记语言,该

系统能够在计算机网络上完成非常非常大的

文档系统,

所以我将这个系统用于贸易

展 1990 年 11 月下旬在巴黎附近的凡尔赛宫

,这是一个

名叫蒂姆伯纳斯李的好年轻人的水果,

他说你是伊恩里奇,我说是的

, 他说我需要和你谈谈,他

告诉我他提出的

名为万维网的系统,我认为

这是一个自命不凡的名字,

基本上整个系统都用完

了他办公室里的电脑,但他

完全相信他的世界

万维网总有一天会接管世界

,我试图说服我

为它编写浏览器,因为他的系统

没有任何图形或字体或 Lea 或

任何东西,它只是纯文本,

我想你知道很有趣,但是

一个来自撒旦的人 他

不会这样做 所以我们在接下来的几年里没有这样做

超文本社区

在 1992 年也没有认出他 他的

论文在 1993 年的超文本会议上被拒绝了

有一张桌子

在西雅图的会议上,一个叫

马克·安德森的人正在展示他

的万维网小浏览器

,我看到了,我想

是的,就是这样,就在 1984 年的第二年,

我们在爱丁堡举行了会议

, 我没有反对意见,让 Tim

berners-lee 作为主讲人,所以

这让我

和一个叫 dick Rowe 的人

成为了一个非常杰出的公司,他是 Decca 唱片公司的成员,拒绝了

披头士乐队,有一个叫 gary

kildall 的人驾驶他的飞机 当

IBM 来为 IBM PC 寻找操作系统时

,他不在,所以

他们回去见比尔盖茨和

拒绝 JK

罗琳的《哈利波特》

的 12 家出版商 万维网的第一位玫瑰人

,据《财富》杂志报道,

他身价 7 亿美元,

但他快乐吗