Refugee Care Displaced but Not Forgotten

who in your family

was a refugee a migrant

a foreigner think back in your history

and you’ll likely identify

one of your forefathers or mothers who

came to this country

because of war because of hunger

persecution

or natural disaster this was the

situation with my father george come

nellis in the upper left

he grew up in nazi occupied greece

a time when one athenian in five

died of starvation greece following

world war ii was not much better off

there was civil war being fought

throughout the country

and my father arrived in the united

states in 1952

with no money no english

and no friends and it’s a similar

situation today with some

70 million people the population of the

entire southern united states

fleeing from their homes because of

hunger

natural disaster persecution war

more refugees than at any other time

since the end of world war

ii now i use the word refugee

to mean someone who has passed from one

country across a border into another

country

refugees are protected by the united

nations convention of 1951

which specifies that refugees

are to be provided their human needs

and they are not to be forcefully pushed

back into the countries from which they

fled

most refugees today are women

and children they’re traveling with no

money

no documents no friends

now in the same breath we also have to

talk about idps

that is internally displaced persons

these are those who have been pushed

from their homes but they are still

within the same country

often the situation of idps is often

even worse than that of refugees

because they are not afforded the united

nations

defined rights of refugees

ours is today a world in motion

there are central americans fleeing

crime and poverty moving northward

in east africa and west africa those

al-shabab

and boko haram who kidnap their

daughters

who forced their sons to be child

soldiers

in myanmar there’s the six million

rohingya people

selected for ethnic cleansing expelled

from that country

moving eastward toward thailand and

westward toward bangladesh

to say nothing of today’s catastrophe

in syria yemen and the sudans i’m a

physician

with the institute for international

medicine

and my view on this is these are

problems of truly

biblical proportions some of you are

familiar with the

history of the ancient israelites the

patriarch jacob

was living in cana there was no food

was famine in the land and jacob was

hungry

he heard that there was food in egypt

and so he sent two sons down to see if

this was true

the boys came back with an encouraging

report yes there is

food and there’s also an invitation to

come

live in egypt and so jacob took his

entire family

about 70 persons and they traveled into

the land of the pharaohs

what happened next a new pharaoh came to

power

one who was not familiar with jacob and

he

pounced on the hebrew people he enslaved

them

for 430 years they worked the fields and

they did the construction

for the egyptians until under moses

they left egypt and back to the land of

the hebrews

it’s no surprise that hebrew scripture

is replete

with instruction about the treatment of

foreigners

leviticus declares when a foreigner

resides among you in your land

do not mistreat them the foreigner

residing among you must be treated as

your native born

love them as yourselves for

remember you yourselves were foreigners

in egypt

and i am the lord your god

the institute for international medicine

was founded

18 years ago with the mission of

equipping health care professionals with

the unique skills

to serve the world’s most forgotten

people

those who are disabled elderly

chronically ill veterans

victims of war and disaster my role at

the institute for international

medicine today includes the middle east

and this is a picture

of islamic state control five years ago

northern iraq great swaths of either

eastern syria

controlled by islamic state and

everywhere they arrived

the schools were closed the women were

shuttered

businesses shut down and anyone who

resist

executed some 12 million people the

population of

ohio fled eastward

toward iraq westward towards jordan

seeking refuge

one of them was amar i met amara at this

time last year

in northern iraq he is a yazidi

yazidi people are a unique

religious minority identified by islamic

state as

satan worshippers

so of course you can do anything you

want to with the satan worshiper they

killed them by the tens of thousands

amar is one of the fortunate ones he

left with his family

five years ago and he’s been living in a

tent

hosted by the unhcr the united nations

high commission for refugees he’s an

attempt where it’s 140 degrees in the

summer

and below freezing in the winter a tent

among some other tents

among tens of thousands of

tents imagine yourself

being tasked with responsibility to

provide care for

ammar and thousands of his refugee

neighbors

where would you possibly begin

well international refugee care can be

divided into four phases

and we’re going to touch on these one by

one the first

phase is pre-emergent that is

you see a conflict brewing and before

people are forced from their homes it’s

time for intervention it’s time to send

in your negotiating team

find a just resolution to this potential

conflict before the most

vulnerable are forced from home it’s

also a time for you to develop your

teams

and to stage your supplies because if

this

fails then people will begin to arrive

hundreds a day thousands a day

you’re in the emergency phase what will

they immediately need

shelter food

water how much water does a refugee need

well we know the human body requires a

half a gallon a day

but you also need food for bathing

cooking toileting

in all at least five gallons per person

per day

these people will be sick what are the

diseases of refugees

they are the diseases of poverty

pneumonia dysentery

malaria in some regions they will have

chronic health problems

they’ll have myocardial infarctions and

strokes and asthma attacks

women will deliver their babies yes

refugee women will deliver at nine

months just like everyone else

so you as their leader must be prepared

to deliver their babies to manage the

obstetric complications

to care for the newborns

hunger will underlie all of this food

insecurity

is one of the definitions of refugee

status

and then there will be epidemic diseases

vulnerable people

living in close proximity they’ll get

scabies

measles covet

all of this will require your leadership

now let’s fast forward three or four

months

the crisis is abating fewer people are

arriving

but there’s no resolution no one’s going

home

and now it appears that these people

will be with you for months or even

years

you’re in the maintenance phase what

else will they need

well children will need school adults

will need

opportunity to earn income

communities will need to learn to live

together

security and conflict is a big problem

in refugee communities

we have traumatized people who are

living in close proximity with one

another

who are inevitably going to get into

arguments

they are also particularly susceptible

to influence from outside forces

forces will come in and try to recruit

refugee people

for their various factions this will

require

your attention and then where are you

going to locate these people

now amar lives in a desert there’s

plenty of space

but there’s no food there’s no water

there’s no jobs there’s no schools

these must all be trucked in or bust out

and for this reason many international

refugee care

leaders prefer to locate them in urban

areas

where there is infrastructure

but this is accompanied by host refugee

conflicts

local parents will begin to say there’s

too many refugee kids in the school and

my

children are not getting enough

attention

local workers will say oh we’ve got a

glut of

low income laborers and we’re losing our

jobs

you’ll have to attend to those kind of

relationships as well

and at the same time someone maybe even

you

is trying to find a long-term solution

to what caused these people to flee in

the first place

what are the options some refugees will

stay on

in their host country this is a mars

plan

islamic state doesn’t control territory

anymore but they continue to

control the minds of many people

and omar is convinced that if he returns

to syria he will be killed

he’ll stay on indefinitely

a very small number will immigrate to a

third country

western europe even the united states

but most refugees like ammar’s son

simply want to return

home in peace

now what can you do on behalf of amar

and his family

first up track the international news

choose a source that regularly updates

you on what’s happening

around the globe especially with

vulnerable people

and then as you are informed express

your values

to your political leaders that our

nation reflects care towards these

most vulnerable people on the planet

look for opportunities to serve those

who have been resettled in your

community

now in recent years we haven’t had many

new international refugees

but those who are already here continue

to need

assistance with improving their language

skills

finding a job helping their children do

well in school

you could volunteer your service

two half days a month with a reputable

refugee resettlement agency in your city

providing direct care and intervention

on their behalf

now you could even step it up even more

you could get an advanced

degree in refugee care

and then pursue a career with one of

these

renowned healthcare refugee

resettlement organizations like the

united nations

refugee agency and as you do all of

these things

on behalf of the world’s most vulnerable

remember the admonition

to love them as yourself for you

or someone in your family like my father

was once a migrant a foreigner

or a refugee

you

你家

中谁是难民

移民 外国人 回想你的历史

,你可能

会认出你的祖先或母亲中的一个,他们

因为饥饿、

迫害

或自然灾害而因战争来到这个国家 这是

我父亲的情况

左上角的 George Come nellis

他在纳粹占领的希腊长大,

当时五分之一的雅典人在

二战后死于饥饿 希腊也好不到

哪里去 全国都在打内战

,我父亲抵达美国

1952

年没有钱、没有英语

、没有朋友的州,

今天的情况

也是如此,美国南部约有 7000 万人因

饥饿

自然灾害、迫害战争逃离家园,

难民人数比自二战以来的任何时候都多

二战

结束现在我用难民这个词

来表示从一个

国家越过边境进入另一个

国家的人

难民受到

1951 年联合国公约的保护,

该公约规定

难民将得到满足他们的人类需求,

并且他们不会被强行推

回他们逃离的国家。

今天大多数难民是妇女

和儿童

没有文件 没有朋友

现在 同呼吸 我们也不得不

谈论

国内流离失所者 国内流离失所者

这些是那些被

赶出家园但

仍在同一个国家的人 国内流离失所者

的情况往往

比国内流离失所者更糟 难民的

权利,因为他们没有得到联合国规定的难民权利

我们今天是一个运动的世界

中美洲人逃离

犯罪和贫困,

在东非和西非向北迁移

那些绑架他们女儿的青年党和博科圣地

在缅甸强迫他们的儿子成为儿童兵 有六百万

罗兴亚人

被选中进行种族清洗 被驱逐

出那个国家

,向东向泰国移动,

向西向孟加拉国移动

更不用说今天在叙利亚也门和苏丹

灾难了 你

熟悉

古代以色列人的历史

族长

雅各住在迦拿 那里没有食物 当地

饥荒 雅各

很饿

他听说埃及有食物

所以他派两个儿子下来看看

这是不是

确实,男孩们带着令人鼓舞的

报告回来了

一位不熟悉雅各布的权力者,

突然袭击了他奴役他们 430 年的希伯来人

埃及人的拖拉,直到他们在摩西的统治下

离开埃及并回到希伯来人的土地,

毫不奇怪,希伯来

圣经充满

了关于外国人待遇的说明

利未记宣称,当外国人

居住在你们的土地上时

,不要虐待他们外国人

居住在你们中间必须被视为

自己出生的人,

爱他们,因为

记住你们自己

是埃及的外国人

,我是上帝,你们的

上帝国际医学研究所

成立于

18 年前,其使命是

为医疗保健专业人员提供独特的装备

为世界上最被遗忘的人服务的技能

那些残疾人

长期患病的退伍军人

战争和灾难的受害者 我今天

在国际医学研究所的角色

包括中东

,这是

五年前伊斯兰国家控制的画面

伊拉克北部大片地区

由伊斯兰国控制的

叙利亚东部和所有国家 在他们到达之前

,学校已经关闭,妇女被

关闭,

企业关闭,任何反抗的人都

被处决了大约 1200 万人

俄亥俄州的人口向东

逃往伊拉克,向西逃往约旦

寻求避难,

其中一个是阿马尔,我在去年的这个时候遇到了阿马拉

伊拉克北部 他是一个 yazidi

yazidi 人是一个独特的

宗教少数群体,被伊斯兰

国家认定为

撒旦崇拜者,

所以你当然可以对

他们杀死数以万计的撒旦崇拜者做任何你想做的事情

amar 是他的幸运者之一

五年前和家人一起离开,他一直住在

联合国难民事务高级专员办事处联合国难民事务高级专员署主办

的帐篷里 成千上万的

帐篷想象着

自己肩负

着照顾

阿马尔和他成千上万的难民

邻居的

任务 e 你能开始

很好吗 国际难民护理可以

分为四个阶段

,我们将逐一讨论这些

阶段,第一阶段是紧急阶段,即

你看到冲突正在酝酿,在

人们被迫离开家园之前,这是

是时候进行干预了 是时候

派出你的谈判

团队了

每天到达

数百人 每天数千人

您处于紧急状态 他们将

立即需要什么

避难所 食物

水 难民需要多少水

我们知道人体

每天需要半加仑,

但您还需要食物来洗澡

做饭

厕所 每人每天至少 5 加仑

这些人会生病

难民的疾病是什么

他们是贫困的疾病

肺炎 痢疾

m alaria 在某些地区 他们将有

慢性健康问题

他们将患有心肌梗塞、

中风和哮喘发作

女性将分娩她们的孩子 是的,

难民女性将

像其他人一样在 9 个月大时分娩,

所以作为她们的领导者,您必须准备

好分娩她们的孩子 管理

产科

并发症 照顾新生儿

饥饿将是所有这些食物不安全的基础 这

是难民身份的定义之一

,然后会有流行病

居住在附近的易受伤害的人 他们会感染

疥疮

麻疹 觊觎

这一切 现在需要你的领导,

让我们快进三

四个月,危机正在减轻,到达的人越来越少,

但没有解决办法,没有人回家

,现在看来,这些人

会和你在一起几个月甚至

几年,

你正处于维护阶段

他们还需要什么

孩子需要上学 成年人

需要有

机会赚取

收入 社区需要学会共同生活

安全和冲突是难民社区的一个大问题

我们给彼此靠近的人造成了创伤

他们不可避免地会陷入

争论

他们也特别

容易受到外来力量的

影响 会进来并试图

为他们的各个派系招募难民 这将

需要

你的关注 然后你

将在哪里找到这些人

现在阿马尔住在沙漠中 有

足够的空间

但没有食物 没有水

没有工作 没有

这些学校必须全部用卡车运进来或拆除

,因此许多国际

难民护理

领导人更愿意将它们安置

在有基础设施的城市地区,

但这伴随着难民

冲突,

当地父母会开始说那里有

太多难民孩子 学校和

我的

孩子没有得到足够的

关注

当地工人会说哦,我们已经 有大量的

低收入劳动力,我们正在失去

工作,

你也必须处理这种

关系

,同时有人甚至你可能

正在试图找到

导致这些人的原因的长期解决方案 首先逃离

一些难民将有哪些选择

在东道国 这是一个火星

计划

伊斯兰国不再控制领土

,但他们继续

控制许多人的思想

,奥马尔坚信,如果他回来

到叙利亚 他会被杀

他会

无限期地待下去 极少数人会移民到

第三国

西欧甚至美国

但大多数像 ammar 的儿子这样的难民现在只想安安静静

地回家

你能代表 amar 做什么

和他的家人

首先跟踪国际新闻

选择一个定期向

您更新全球正在发生的事情的来源,

特别是与

弱势群体有关的信息

,然后在您获悉时表达

您的

价值观 o 你们的政治领导人,我们的

国家反映了

对地球上这些最脆弱的人的关心,

寻找机会为

那些在你们社区重新安置的人提供服务

。近年来,我们没有很多

新的国际难民,

但那些已经在这里的人继续

提高他们的语言

技能方面需要帮助

找到一份工作 帮助他们的

孩子在学校取得好成绩

您可以

每月

在您所在城市的知名难民安置机构提供两次半天的志愿服务

,代表他们提供直接照顾和干预

现在您甚至可以踏上 更重要的是,

您可以获得

难民护理的高级学位

,然后在

这些

着名的医疗难民

安置组织之一(如

联合国

难民署)从事职业,当您

代表世界上最脆弱的人做所有这些事情时,

请记住

告诫他们像你自己一样爱他们

或像我父亲这样的家人 呃

曾经是移民外国人

或难民