Feynman to Future Quantum Computing Solutions
[Music]
hi everybody
today i’m talking about the other end of
the line
director of product entertainment from
value momentum
and uh today sort of looking at
the computer revolution
and if you look at 18th century it
started off with like punch
and student cards and babbage killed the
calculator and that punch card system
was created in the end in the 19th
century people decade medicaid
at 1930s at universal machine by
annual turing and abc was the first
digital computer design
40s saw c3 and transistors it represent
and then the computer chip was created
in kelvin
in the 60s you had uh you got the
accessories for computers like malls and
ui in the c programming language
circuits around 1970s spreadsheets
this is interesting that the word star
was
created and the normal people remember
word style
before word came very powerful we had
afterwards star word perfect around in
1880s
operating systems created by apple and
microsoft that lisa and windows
1990s i think we’re all familiar with
mathematics
the extra hdmi like touchdown delta uh
supercomputer
and he had the pentium processor which
is created by intel
and google came out with search engine
first engine is
by created by sergey and larry
and around in 2000 to 2020
we will see mac osx and amd created
- the social media caught up in
facebook having 1 billion users and we
have 2016 which was a year
where quanta computer was first created
coincidentally i am the founder of the
first quarter computing startup
in india
so today uh the let’s start looking at
the quarter computing
right how it evolved you look at the
classical computing the
history and quantum equivalence
will be there but it’s very interesting
how
you see the evolution or the history
of quantum computing so uh
this particular picture i is going
straight from my book
quantum computing solutions and
it talks about solving real world
problems using quantum computing
algorithms you see the history in 1965
you had quantum electro dynamics
quantum physical
uh processes around 1980 then your dash
algorithm
which had concept like universal quantum
computer and you had peter shows
algorithm which was primarily focusing
on prime number of activation
and trapped ion concept which was found
first in
western california and they had quantum
teleportation and grover’s algorithm for
search in 1996
and if you look at the future like how
it’s going to evolve
and start with the quote the number of
bits in a 300 cubic quantity computer
will be more than
one atoms in the universe
so if you see what happened around 2016
we had ibm
uh having uh going starting with five
five qubits
from 2016 and 53 cubits in 2019
and now you see google tried 72 and
again came back to
53 cubits and now 20 times
right more like thousand cubics ibm is
going to try in
- so just imagine if 300 cubits can
simulate more than one atoms in the
universe
you have 1000 cubits into pretty much
what you call simulate multiple
universes
so how did this change moving from
cubit to cubic right you have multiple
cubits
we have started with secret sharing
quantum code processor then 53 we
thought quantum supremacy was achieved
in 150 cubits you saw quantum chemistry
and machine learning
algorithms can be used right we are
going to see that it’s going to happen
and in terms of the classical computer i
think everybody is familiar right you
heard
we have bits which has one of the two
states like zero or one
right you have quantum qubit which
can be zero one or
any quantum circle the superposition
between zero and one
you have different gates which are hard
mod gates and c naught gates and
x gate and you can have uh quantum
simulators algorithms and solvers
cryptographic algorithm using the
the what you call the quantum bit
systems to solve the
problems so
if you look at uh the evolution now
moving on to quantum computation right
and um so before that i just wanted to
emphasize
on the mood slam the process everybody
knows about the
mood the rules law states that
computational power of quantum computer
doubles every 12 months
now quantum computation right and you
see quantum parallelism
quantum hilbert space and water
entanglement but
you can see the famous course report
from david dodge quantum computers have
the opportunity to solve the problems
that will take a classical computer
longer than the age of the universe just
imagine
age of the universe where it took for a
classical company to solve some of the
problems
quantum chemicals can solve in real time
now the quantum cognition like the
quantum light brain brain everybody
knows that
biologically we have a neural network
and it consists of complex network of
neurons
now if you take the equivalent and the
quantum drain how the cubita
has managed states like one zero and
superposition
similar to that you see brain and what
we call acting
or being in state of one zero or in
superposition
so that’s where the superposition of
mental states right can be simulated
by using complex network networks of
neurons so one of the
community which is evolving is the
quantum cognition community
which is simulating vitamins in neural
network which is which is a biological
network and creating a quantum like
brain
on the hardware front right you have
quantum chips there’s another school of
thought
saying that the quantum computing will
have a super
you have a quantum computer which is
perfect and super computer
but there is there is another school of
thought which things that quantum chips
become really popular
like you have iot sensors like quantum
chips will be
in almost everywhere like nanoparticles
what your discovery is for chemical
design
used for drug design pattern recognition
right it can be used for space tech
genetic science and universe discovery
and biometrics and
iot devices can have quantum chips
embedded
right so who knows this can catch up
really faster
compared to the classical versus quantum
computing and number of keywords in
the whole another school of thought
now if you look at typical bottlenecks
in the industry
taking a step back what are the key
problems in computing you switch back to
the classical computing problems
there are computing problems which are
very complex and you have
qubit technology to solve this problem
so you have n cube is you can
model good poor open variables
so how do the how do the solutions work
typically you look at target market
your marketing what you call uh personal
to
market a particular solution for
customers and you see the solution
benefits
now let’s see how quantum machine
learning in quantum computing can solve
so the target market or the class of
problems which we are looking at is
like machine learning optimization
similar
simulations and cryptography machine
learning
techniques are like clustering scenario
analysis about immigration
logistics planning performance traffic
again cryptography is like cyber
security and post quantum
resistance
predictive maintenance optimization and
finance so you can use uh
you have portfolio optimization but it
will simulate the whole portfolio
for around 10 years and portfolio can
consist of mutual fund
stocks options commodities and so on
on the aeronautics side so the response
you have like aircraft design
some of the problems challenging
problems can be solved using quantum
computing
now what are the benefits using this
faster factoring faster search faster
simulation
it can save by creating better schedules
you plan properly
you can bring down the infrastructure
you can have significant
boost to the current techniques
now let’s look at how quantum ai is
being applied
if you have a quantum ei your quantum
methods come to cryptography
your quantum languages quantum vm and
latest quantum internet and quantum
network and quantum
i think everybody is willing to come to
computer you have quantum circuits and
quantum virtual machine
and a quantum processing unit
now let’s see how quantum ai is being
applied
what are the use cases you have resource
management scheduling
your optimization you can use some of
these algorithms to solve this problem
for predicting right you are generating
credit critical already
ready to unless you can use the quantum
ei algorithms
so what are the quantum a algorithms
which we can use we can use
quantum approximate of optimization
algorithms
variation quantum eigen solvents quantum
solutions classifiers
quantum neural networks and quantum
generative adversarial networks
moving on to quantum works everybody are
familiar with classical kind of one that
you have particle
which can move from left to right and
then the
probability of half point five by fifty
percent similar to a point flow
equivalently equal to in the classical
random walk you have a quantum work
which is a quantum analog to a random
walk
it can substantially reduce the time
consumption
you can simulate using monte carlo
methods and mix
markov chains you can apply quantum
algorithms and wealth management and
training now quantum perceptron
right in process of two different
dimensions whereas if you look at a
classical perceptron
can process only end dimensions of
glitter this is about the quantum
perceptron which is
very similar to the neural network we’re
talking about the neuron
here the perceptron connects to various
neurons
it almost creates a sub neural network
and the other key area are the post
quantum risk algorithms like quantum
history and
shows algorithms algorithm and various
new cryptographic systems
which are evolving like um merkel
history signatures like
ca encryption medical hellman knapsack
encryption and ecdsa and hev
ntru i think everybody
is familiar with the show’s algorithm
but there’s going to be a popular right
will different cryptographic algorithms
blockchain security everywhere where we
are using create cryptographic
algorithms we need to reassess
how will they perform when the quantum
computers come in
because it’s we’re going to have
almost like a high computing power and
that should be in the hands of not just
us but also the
hackers and if you could look at the
hackers they were not very
weight and what you call watch for
the best quanta computer to come but
they’re going to
quickly apply the whatever whatever is
the speed available
and then hack okay so that’s the other
side of the screen which we keep into
mind keep in mind we are only looking at
scientists and computational
experts who are developing algorithms
but we need to keep in mind the
attackers who are
not really worried about the science and
the philosophy
behind the quantum computer they might
just pick
a yet another computer which is faster
which is efficient
which can break break the cryptographic
algorithms
so that’s where we our immediate focus
needs to be
to prepare and then avoid some of the
cyber security attacks
we ensure that the post quantum
resistance is being
uh achieved right we all need to look at
the cryptographic algorithm and see
where things can break
when you have really high quantum
computing speeds
and uh if you look at the quantum
cryptography right you have quantum key
distribution
and you have uh nowadays quantum key
distribution of the service
so there are many many areas which are
evolving in the
contract uh
so the many many hours right we’re going
to talk about great things about
classical computing and quantum
computing
quantum chips quantum hardware but like
what’s next what’s going to happen
after all this so
the answer is and there is a lot which
which you can see
like they say right this is a lot too
yet to come we have generated quantum
machine learnings and hybrid quantum
algorithm which can use a
quantum burst machine and you have
quantum ram
right quantum random access and a deep
restricted host machine
like you have deep learning algorithms
like cnn and again and
you can have quantum cnn quantum year
and using
deep learning techniques and simulating
the what you call
under the cnn and again and using both
machines
so if you all remember the gold’s
machine it goes back to the quantum
mechanics and
it uses quantum techniques it has
algorithms it has techniques which can
be applied
to solve some of the challenges which
the classical deep learning is looking
at
and qram i think you’re all familiar
with ram pro qram will be more powerful
because it access it has power it has
memory and which can access incoherent
quantum superposition like we are
talking about one zero and handling
multiple states
you