Getting Serious About Human Rights

[Music]

2020 has been a staggering

year 2020 has made it abundantly clear

that the us

is not a human rights-based society

children in cages families separated and

forced into the shadows

asylum seekers casually sent home to

perilous fates

we’ve seen so much preventable suffering

around covet 19.

george floyd tortured and murdered in

broad daylight

having to ask how many more time after

time

and then activists treated like enemy

combatants in our streets

i’m a human rights and peace

practitioner i have a phd

in human rights and peace studies that’s

one of those titles that can invite some

some curious reactions

over the last decade i’ve had the

opportunity of working with some of the

most

marginalized but resilient people on the

planet

i work with local groups creating change

in the toughest of circumstances

when i moved home to the u.s to nebraska

i wasn’t sure how any of it would

translate

america has long had serious problems

when it comes to human rights and

violence

but i never thought there’d be a

willingness to actually tackle

those issues until 2020 author and

activist

kimberly jones captured weld the angst

behind the unprecedented civil unrest

we’ve seen this year

jones message resonated because it is

undeniable

our social contract has been

deliberately broken

over and over again today

our social contract feels broken beyond

repair

it’s hard to even imagine win wins in

this hour of global need

and as authoritarian regimes all over

the world gain strength in measurable

ways

america is drunk at the wheel

so how did we get here

it is not that democracy is failing in

the u.s

it is that the u.s is failing democracy

we have failed to live up to a standard

of achievement that we espouse

all over the world we go to war in the

name of human rights

we go to great lengths to promote human

rights in every other country

but at home we fall devastatingly short

we don’t know what human rights are how

they work or why they exist

we don’t teach human rights in our

schools

our human rights institutions are

impotent

we treat human rights as fluffy and

discretionary

and here we are so what

now the constitution is clearly

not getting the job done our legal

political and economic systems

elevate people with power and prey upon

those without it

we are surrounded by violence violence

is not only physical

but structural and cultural that

violence

undermines any chance of liberty and

justice for all

we desperately need a better road map

the good news is we already have one

in 1948 former first lady eleanor

roosevelt presented the universal

declaration of human rights to the world

it was a world

shifting document think of the backdrop

world war

ii brought humanity to its knees it was

a display of just how predatory

humankind can be with two world wars

front of mind

roosevelt and her team went to work they

went to work on producing a blueprint

to protect human beings from ourselves

that is the udhr the udhr is one of the

most important documents in human

history

championed by a former first lady and

very few

americans have ever heard of it we have

all but discarded it

our dismissal of the udhr and human

rights in general

has allowed poor discourse and practice

to proliferate human rights are about

protecting the species

and we treat this stuff like it’s a game

we neglect the reality that civil

political economic social and cultural

rights are all indivisible

and interdependent we treat freedom as

one-dimensional

it is not freedom restraint and

responsibility

all go hand-in-hand that is the only way

to realize collective freedom from fear

collective freedom from want

and collective freedom to take action on

one’s own behalf

only when everyone is equally free and

accountable

does liberty and justice for all become

possible

but we are not anchored in

accountability and i’m not only

referring to people in positions of

power

this is a collective problem i am

certainly guilty of not being

accountable enough

think about the things we consume we buy

from brands that are doing harm

all over the world and we know it

think about those boxes arriving on our

doorsteps

the story behind those boxes features

abuse

overseas and at home the people who make

those goods and fill those orders

are taking on great risk during this

pandemic to keep our economy afloat

companies are celebrating those workers

in their commercials

and at the very same time

actively prohibiting them from

collectively organizing and having a

voice

article 23 of the udhr makes it very

clear

that unionizing is a human right it is a

human right because it is often the only

way

that people who face power disparities

can protect themselves

and their interests it’s on us to get

accountable

and set these expectations where we

should see accountability we find

smokescreens

we are sold philanthropy as a substitute

for accountability

it is not on this point i’ll never

forget a conversation that i had with a

local elder in ethiopia

his name was handy so hundy was super

welcoming

but his message was sharp hundy had seen

his land stolen

his friends and family members killed

and starved

hundy watched as people preyed on his

community year after year

decade after decade hundy spoke of

foreigners casually throwing around

money

and promises and leaving behind a trail

of frustration

and hostilities hunty had no interest in

a handout

he had no interest in being saved

handy wanted the people preying on his

community to be held accountable

hundy radiated frustration because for

decades he’d been pleading for some

semblance

of equality and accountability but all

he got

was more philanthropy

the problem with philanthropy is that it

leaves people subservient

it is not designed to address structural

and political problems no amount of

philanthropy can fix broken social

contracts

the agenda is always set by those with

cash

and clout and in this sense our

over-reliance on philanthropy conflicts

with another core tenet of human rights

agency agency is about being able to

take action on your own behalf

it’s about being an agent of your own

well-being

being in control of your own faith

when i was in myanmar i had a i was

talking with this villager near a

conflict zone in shannon state

this guy brilliantly captured how

immensely important

agency is he captured the idea that

there is no alternative to agency

so here’s what he said to me think of

being in a village

surrounded by land mines the locals know

where those land mines are

you don’t so are you going to follow the

villagers

are you going to ask them to follow you

it’s really that simple

as a country we miss the mark on

accountability

and agency all the time we

casually impose sanctions throughout the

world without giving a second thought to

the consequences

i spent a number number of years in

myanmar traveling the country

and talking with people about people

about sanctions including the american

sanctions against the

myanmar junta i wanted to understand

their perspective

what i heard was overwhelming resentment

and frustration

these people were scrapping every day to

create opportunities

and build their political muscles in any

way possible

they wanted information and resources

and relationships

they could use all of those things as

leverage

but sanctions gave them deprivation and

isolation

sanctions were soiled as our cure but

for the people trying to liberate

themselves from the military

dictatorship

sanctions were another disease a disease

that robbed them of their agency

and made them easier to oppress

sanctions are one of many examples where

we choose the convenient

feel good option and leave it to others

to shoulder the suffering

the result is not only frustration but

carnage

i’ve seen this firsthand in myanmar in

factories throughout

asia in the highlands of africa even the

fields of north korea

i have also seen how much savvy and

strength

and potential goes unseen and untapped

i watched as ordinary people in myanmar

mobilize themselves

they figured out how to manipulate local

officials

and then they started to figure out how

to manipulate the system

and ultimately they dislocated the

military dictatorship in myanmar

from below they turned themselves into

an

unrelenting force of change and they did

so

in spite of us we make similar mistakes

at home

there is so much enthusiasm around

combating human trafficking

it’s something of a collective obsession

but how much of that fight against human

trafficking

is about addressing vulnerabilities and

mobilizing people

how many of those efforts address the

structural violence

that pushes people into the shadows robs

them of their agency

and leaves them exposed to predators

where is the conversation about labor

trafficking

rather than confronting causes and

conditions

we treat trafficking as theater

this stuff is not theater it’s

structural

it’s a symptom of our systemic failures

to put people in a position to protect

themselves

and their families now think of how we

deal with america’s dark past

we don’t we help populations all over

the world recover from atrocities

we are the global champion of a field

called transitional justice

but at home we have yet to take the

first step towards a transition

we have yet to even start pursuing the

restorative justice

that is necessary to reckon with

america’s dark past

that past that past is something we will

never

outrun the wounds of slavery and the

native american genocide are open

and they are bleeding those wounds

cannot begin to heal until we initiate

an

actual transition built around

accountability and agency

if we confront our history become

students of the udhr

and evolve our systems accordingly we

can become

endlessly resilient and free and capable

of greatness

when human rights are properly put into

motion

when accountability is paired with

agency something beautiful and

incredibly powerful happens

every person is in a position to protect

themselves

their interests and their fellow human

beings

that is freedom that is democracy

that is what human rights are all about

and that is the only way

to overcome the predatory side of

humankind

2020 has been a reckoning but it has

given us an

opportunity to realize what america

could be

and we get there by elevating human

rights as if the fate of humanity

depends on it

because it does thank you

[音乐]

2020 年是令人震惊的

一年 2020 年已经非常清楚地

表明,美国

不是一个以人权为基础的社会

笼子里的孩子 家庭分离并

被迫陷入阴影

寻求庇护者被随便送回家中的

危险命运

我们见过太多

乔治·弗洛伊德(George Floyd)在光天化日之下遭受酷刑和谋杀

不得不问还有多少次

,然后激进分子

在我们的街道上被视为

敌对战斗

人员 在过去的十年里,和平研究

是那些可以引起

一些奇怪反应的标题之一

我有

机会与地球上一些

边缘化但最有韧性的人一起

工作

当我搬家到美国内布拉斯加州时,

我不知道它会如何

翻译

美国在人类 ri 方面长期以来一直存在严重问题

ghts 和

暴力,

但我从没想过会

愿意真正解决

这些问题,直到 2020 年作家和

活动家

金伯利·琼斯捕捉到我们今年看到

的前所未有的内乱背后的焦虑

琼斯的信息引起了共鸣,因为

不可否认

我们的社会契约

今天

我们的社会契约被一次又一次地被故意破坏

,甚至难以想象在

这个全球需要的时刻赢得胜利

,随着

世界各地的威权政权以可衡量的方式获得力量,

美国醉倒在方向盘上,

所以如何 我们到这里

了吗 不是民主在我们身上失败

而是我们在民主

失败了 我们没有达到

我们在全世界拥护的成就标准

我们以人权的名义开战

我们不遗余力地

在其他每个国家促进人权,

但在国内我们却严重不足,

我们不知道什么是

人权 ork 或它们为什么存在

我们不在学校教授人权

我们的人权机构

无能为力

我们将人权视为蓬松和

随意的

,现在我们就是这样

现在宪法显然

没有完成工作 我们的法律

政治和经济 系统

提升有权力的人并掠夺没有权力的人

我们被暴力包围

暴力不仅是身体上的,

而且是结构性和文化上的

暴力

破坏了所有人的自由和正义的任何机会

我们迫切需要一个更好的路线

图 好消息是我们已经有了

1948 年,前第一夫人埃莉诺·

罗斯福向世界介绍了

《世界人权宣言》,

这是一份改变世界的

文件,想想二战的背景,

让人类屈服,

它展示了

人类在两个世界之间的掠夺性

罗斯福和她的团队开始工作,他们

开始

制定保护人类的蓝图 从我们自己

来说,这就是《世界人权宣言》,《世界人权宣言》是人类历史上

最重要的文件之一,

由一位前第一夫人倡导,

很少

有美国人听说过

它 允许糟糕的言论和实践

来扩散人权是关于

保护物种的

,我们把这些东西当作游戏

我们忽视了公民

政治经济社会和文化

权利都是不可分割

和相互依存的现实我们将自由视为

一维的

它不是 自由 克制和

责任齐头并进,这是

实现集体免于恐惧的唯一途径

成为

可能,

但我们并没有以

问责制为基础,我不仅

指的是处于 p 位置的人

如果

这是一个集体问题,我

当然会因为没有

足够的责任而感到内疚

想想我们消费的东西 我们

从在世界各地造成伤害的品牌那里购买的

东西 我们知道它

想想那些到达我们

家门口

的盒子 这些盒子背后的故事 特征

海外和国内的虐待 制造

这些商品并完成这些订单的

人在这场大流行中冒着巨大的风险

来维持我们的经济运转

公司在他们的广告中庆祝这些工人

,同时

积极禁止他们

集体组织和 拥有

发言权

《世界人权宣言》第 23 条非常清楚地

表明,加入工会是一项人权,这是一项

人权,因为这往往是

面临权力悬殊的人

保护

自己和利益的唯一

途径。 这些期望 我们

应该看到问责制 我们发现

烟幕

我们被卖给慈善事业 作为替代品

问责制不是在这一点上我永远不会

忘记我与

埃塞俄比亚当地一位长老的谈话

他的名字很方便所以亨迪非常

热情

但他的信息很尖锐亨迪看到

他的土地被盗

他的朋友和家人

被杀 饥饿的

hundy 看着人们年复一年地掠夺他的

社区 十年又一年

hundy 谈到

外国人随便扔钱

和承诺,留下一连串

的挫败感

和敌意

掠夺他的

社区以追究责任的

人们感到沮丧,因为

几十年来他一直在恳求一些

表面上

的平等和问责制,但

他得到的

只是更多的慈善事业慈善事业

的问题在于它

让人们屈从

它并非旨在 解决结构

和政治问题 再多的

慈善也无法修复破碎的社会

契约 他的议程总是由那些

有钱有影响力的人制定的,从这个意义上说,我们

对慈善事业的过度依赖

与人权机构机构的另一个核心原则发生冲突,

即能够

代表你自己采取行动,

这是关于成为你自己的代理人

当我在缅甸的时候,我在控制自己的信仰时感到幸福,我在香农州的

一个冲突区附近与这个村民交谈,

这个人出色地捕捉到了

机构的重要性,他捕捉到了除了机构别无选择的想法

所以这就是他对我说的

想在一个

被地雷包围的村庄里 当地人

知道那些地雷在哪里

你不知道 所以你要跟着

村民你要不要让他们跟着你

真的就这么简单

作为一个国家,我们总是在

问责制

和代理权方面

落空我们在世界各地随意实施制裁,

而不

考虑后果

我花了很多钱 在缅甸旅行多年,

与人们

谈论制裁,包括美国

缅甸军政府的制裁,我想了解

他们的观点

,我听到的是压倒性的怨恨

和沮丧,

这些人每天都在为

创造机会

和建立他们的政治而放弃 肌肉 以任何

可能的方式

他们想要信息、资源

和关系

他们可以利用所有这些东西作为

杠杆

但制裁给了他们剥夺和

孤立

制裁被弄脏了作为我们的治疗方法 但

对于试图摆脱军事独裁统治的人们来说,

制裁是另一种疾病 一种

疾病剥夺了他们的代理权

,使他们更容易受到

制裁,这是

我们选择方便的

感觉良好的选择并让其他

人承担痛苦

的众多例子之一,结果不仅是沮丧,而且是

大屠杀

我见过 缅甸

工厂第一手资料 在整个

亚洲,在非洲的高地,甚至在

北朝鲜的田野,

我也看到了有多少智慧、

力量

和潜力没有被看到和开发

为了弄清楚

如何操纵这个系统

,最终他们从下层

推翻了缅甸的军事独裁政权,

他们将自己变成

了一股

无情的变革力量,

尽管我们在国内犯了类似的错误

但他们还是这样做了。

贩运

这是一种集体的痴迷,

但打击人口贩运的斗争中有多少

是关于解决脆弱性和

动员人们

的这些努力中有多少是解决

将人们推入阴影的结构性暴力剥夺了

他们的代理权

并使他们暴露在捕食者的面前

是关于劳动力贩运的

谈话吗? r 不是直面原因和

条件,

我们将贩卖人口视为戏剧,

这不是戏剧,它是

结构性的,

它是我们系统性

未能让人们能够保护

自己

和他们的家人的症状现在想想我们如何处理我们不知道

的美国的黑暗过去

” 我们帮助

世界各地的民众从暴行中恢复过来,

我们是过渡司法领域的全球拥护者,

但在国内,我们尚未

迈出过渡的第一步,

我们甚至还没有开始追求必要的

恢复性

司法 考虑到

美国的黑暗

过去,过去是我们

永远无法

摆脱奴隶制创伤的事情,而

美洲原住民种族灭绝是开放的

,他们正在流血

,除非我们发起

围绕

问责制和代理的实际过渡,否则这些创伤无法开始愈合,

如果我们面对 我们的历史

成为 udhr 的学生

并相应地发展我们的系统 我们

可以变得永无止境

当人权得到适当落实

时,当问责制与代理相结合

时,就会发生一些美好而令人难以置信的强大的事情,

每个人都能够保护

自己的利益和他们的同胞

,这就是自由,就是民主

,就是自由 什么是人权

,这是

克服人类掠夺性一面的唯一途径

2020 年是一个清算,但它

让我们有

机会认识到美国

可能是什么

,我们通过提升人权来实现这一目标,就

好像人类的命运一样 人类

依赖它,

因为它确实感谢你