How unexpected rolemodels make us human

[Music]

it’s 2002

and i’m four years into my first real

job

it feels like it’s the absolute

antithesis to

everything that i think i am one

cold gray winter’s morning i’m hurrying

along by the river thames

rushing to get on the tube with

thousands of other bleary-eyed commuters

i’ve just come back from the mountains

wide open spaces bright blue skies

hanging out with my brother and laughing

endlessly with friends

it makes the drudgery of the dirty city

and prospect of a 12-hour day staring at

a screen

feel even heavier my thoughts are racing

this is what life is all about is this

as good as it gets

i’m in a top job with a top employer

but i hate it it feels like it’s

smothering who i really

am and then it dawns on me

who have i become have you ever felt

like that

that you weren’t in the right place to

fulfill your potential

or even worse where you are is making

you someone you’re not

i didn’t always feel like this let me

paint you a picture

a one that i treasure it’s a bright

early summer’s day

and i’m sat on a picnic blanket with my

grandfather’s fedora drooped over my

tiny two-year-old head

and his thick rim glasses sat quicker on

my nose

he’s looking back at me my tiny little

hat

perched on top of his head my mom said i

put it there to make him smile that it

was the first time he’d laugh since my

nana had died

my whole family said i had a knack for

knowing what people

felt and needed and yet here i am today

and every day at work

feeling like that’s the last thing i’m

doing for anyone

including myself

it’s comforting to think of myself as

wise enough

at that age to know how to relieve my

grandfather’s grief

but what i’ve come to realize is i was

probably just doing what every little

human does

and mirroring his behavior that’s what

made him laugh

and that’s what made my whole family

think i had some special gift for

empathy

which was then encouraged and

unconsciously repeated and refined

research shows that neurons in a baby’s

brain fire in response to a smile from

their caregiver

they then smile back creating a virtuous

cycle to and fro

it’s believed that this is how empathy

develops and how many of our other

behaviors

develop through an iterative process

we all have great potential for empathy

which forms the foundation for emotional

wisdom

not only allowing us to understand

ourselves

but also to infer what other people are

thinking

it’s what makes us uniquely human

but it can only be developed through

interacting with others

all know nurture plays a role but we

don’t always fully appreciate the

gravity and depth that this effect has

on us

let me give you a startling example of

someone who didn’t have

our start in life oksana malaya

was born in a small rundown village in

ukraine in 1983.

both of her parents were alcoholics and

one night

too drunk to realize they left

three-year-old oksana outside

looking for warmth she curled up with

stray dogs that roamed the area

no one came to look for her and she

stayed

living as a member of the pack for the

next five years

when eventually she was found at the age

of eight she’d become what’s known as a

feral

child she couldn’t talk

she walked on all fours she barked like

a dog

and scavenged through rubbish for food

this is a stark demonstration of

how the systems in our brain need a

model

in our environment to not only stimulate

but also perpetuate development

my empathy was developed thanks to my

parents encouragement

and perhaps unsurprisingly by the time i

was a teenager my aspiration

was to become a psychologist but when it

came time to entering the world of work

i found myself unwittingly pulled along

by what my peers were doing

i was at a good university i had good

grades

what seemed like the natural thing to do

was to go and work in finance or

management consultancy

indeed from the ages of 18 to 29 in a

period

known as emerging adulthood we do

unconsciously look to our peers to shape

our decisions

our brain continues to develop until our

late twenties

but social norms have a massive impact

on us throughout life

and here i am today on that gray day

heading for a job that doesn’t make me

feel like me

as i’m walking i realized that i chose

the wrong people to mirror when i left

university

it wasn’t that they were people i didn’t

like or respect

it’s just they weren’t the right people

to take me in the direction i wanted to

go

so i left my job i went back to

university

and studied a postgraduate in

occupational psychology

and then began learning from fellow

psychologists

as you can see one of the things that’s

really captured my attention

is how much we are shaped and learned

from those around us

i call this mirror thinking

but it’s not just for big life decisions

like which job we take

nor is it just for the behaviors that we

iteratively build over the course of

years

it’s happening all of the time

for example we evolved to catch others

moods

article published in the british medical

journal

which followed nearly 5 000 people

over the course of six years looking at

the spread of happiness

showed that if someone is happy it has a

positive impact on their friends

their friends and even their friends

friends

and the authors believe that this

extends to things like depression

anxiety eating habits drinking even

exercise

and we tend to be under the illusion

that

we’re conscious of how these things are

shaping us

but most of the time we’re not research

shows

that we’re only actually conscious of

about five percent of our cognitive

activity

meaning that the large percentage of our

decision making happens without our

conscious awareness

so you see little behaviors absorbed

from others

without us realizing add up to habits

and lasting behaviors that become part

of who we are

altering our beliefs and nudging our

values

who’s shaping you

through my work i’ve had the great

privilege of hearing hundreds of

people’s stories

many amongst the most successful in

their field

and one thing i’ve realized and seen

is how much these people have been

shaped by

relatives or parents early on in life

perhaps more than they

realize until they reflect on it

but another thing i’ve realized is

how much these people have consciously

chosen the people they want to mirror

when they’ve become adults

take for example one lady let’s call her

charlotte

who is the ceo of a multinational

company

and when i profiled her it was clear

that she’d been looking to her

peers and seniors from day one on the

job picking up on the nuances of

behaviour that she thought was

successful and resonated with her

and how for example more senior

colleagues negotiated with clients or

led

other people and she

gradually like a detective picked up on

the things that

would work for her and chose to counter

mirror the things that she thought

wouldn’t

and now she’s successfully running the

company

so you see it’s really worth thinking

about

whether we choose and how we choose

habits and beliefs and behaviors

that are going to be helpful to us or

unhelpful

but the problem is the modern world

is getting in the way of this natural

mechanism

first because we are less connected

communities are becoming more dispersed

which means we simply don’t have

the opportunities to connect which lies

at the heart of mirroring

it means we’re not nurturing what it

means to be human

second because of our accelerated pace

of life

let me ask you some questions i’m

currently asking myself

do you make time to have in-depth

meaningful conversations

do you curiously consider the other

person’s viewpoints

do you consciously explore how they see

the world

or are your exchanges rushed as you

jump on to the next thing

third our rapid development in science

and technology

we are creating solutions at an

incredible rate take for example the

development of a successful vaccine for

covert 19

but we are creating problems at an even

greater rate

as technology insinuates itself between

all of our

interactions shifting beliefs behaviors

and attitudes one study

carried out in canada looking at 18 to

22 year olds

over the course of five years showed

that increases in texting

resulted in decreases in moral

reflectiveness

a decrease in the motivation for social

justice and equality

and a decrease in the belief of the

importance of

integrity and this extends further

we’re seeing it in all ways of life

political divide

hate crime extremism poor mental health

climate change they’re all underpinned

by disruption of this natural mechanism

people always ask what happened to oxana

and sadly she’s an example of where

we’re all headed

she’s made great strides she’s now able

to talk

and she lives in a home for the mentally

disabled

psychologist lynn fry went to meet her

as an adult and she describes her

interaction

saying that her conversation

is odd she speaks like it’s an order

there’s no rhythm or music or cadence to

her speech she has the cognitive ability

of a six-year-old and what fry describes

as a dangerously low boredom threshold

why because she grew up

mirroring feral dogs instead of humans

irrevocably damaging her ability to read

the nuances of human interaction in a

way that we would consider normal

so you see it’s really worth asking

ourselves who

and what we are mirroring and

are we mirroring enough to remain human

my brain your brain they aren’t static

they’re continually adapting and

changing in response to the interactions

we have

and the emotions we experience both

within ourselves

and in others our brain

is like a muscle that needs exercise

how much exercise are you giving your

brain

how many hours a day do you spend lost

in your computer screen

rather than looking at the faces of the

people around you

when you wake up in the morning what’s

the first thing you do

is it grab for your phone or have

an in-depth conversation with someone in

your family

every glance at a screen is a glance

away from the opportunity to grow

a neural network one is like nutrients

for your brain

the other like junk food if you want to

improve your emotional wisdom

you need to stop scrolling and look up

and out at the faces of the people

around you

and who is in your social ecosystem

remember that 95 percent of our

cognitive ability

is unconscious with that precious five

percent

it’s really important to choose the

right inputs to take you in the

direction that you want to go

i invite you to join me in some of the

steps i’ve begun taking

give yourself the space to connect with

the people in your life

at your work who you buy coffee from

that will stimulate your emotional

development

think about who you are mirroring in all

areas of life

from career work personal growth

to parenting family and health

these role models may seem unexpected

a child or someone in the local shop

they don’t have to be perfect

it’s looking at different aspects of

different people that you admire

and thinking about how you would like to

take that on into your own behavior

and i urge you to think about how

you are shaping others

you don’t realize how many people are

mirroring you

don’t miss the opportunity to have a

profoundly positive impact

we all shape the world that we live in

what role do you want to play in that

nowhere is that more important than when

it comes to our children

it’s not easy i struggle with it every

day but are we giving them enough

space are we slowing down and spending

time with them

or are we letting them stare at screens

instagram facebook twitter none of them

feed their neural networks and establish

the

enable the nuances of human interaction

to be effectively captured

they also involve false role models

whose main intent is often self-interest

they’re not looking to grow your child’s

development they don’t believe in your

child

they don’t connect with them

are we leaving our children out in the

cold

with the feral dogs of technology

and starving them of the stimulus they

need to properly develop

we need to connect with our children and

to help them

find role models that will enable them

to fulfill their potential

if we want to not only survive but

thrive as a species

we need to use the natural mechanism of

role modelling

to fulfill our potential

if we get this right we’ll have better

leaders

better run companies better run

countries

if we get closer to our children we’ll

improve our family’s well-being

and their prospects for the future

if you more intentionally mirror helpful

behaviors in others

you will make yourself happier and more

likely to fulfill your potential

if we all more consciously connect and

role model what we want to see in the

world

we have the opportunity to uplift the

whole of society

and it’s actually quite easy look up

look out look into the faces of the

people

around you that

is where you will find your best self

[音乐]

现在是 2002 年

,我的第一份真正工作已经四年了,

这感觉就像

我认为我是一个

寒冷灰色冬天的早晨的一切的绝对

对立面 与

成千上万的其他睡眼惺忪的通勤者

我刚从山上回来

广阔的空地 湛蓝的天空

和我的兄弟一起闲逛 和

朋友们无休止地大笑

这让肮脏的城市成为苦差事

和 12 小时一天盯着的前景

在屏幕上

感觉更加沉重 我的思绪在飞驰

这就是生活的全部意义 这是否

尽可能

好 我突然明白

我变成了谁

,你有没有觉得你没有在正确的地方

发挥你的潜力,

或者更糟糕的是,你现在的位置正在让

你成为一个你不是的人,

我并不总是这样让 我给

你画

一张我的照片 宝贝,这是一个明媚的

初夏

,我坐在野餐毯上,我

祖父的软呢帽垂在我

两岁的小脑袋上

,他的厚框眼镜在我的鼻子上坐得更快,

他回头看着我,我的小

帽子

栖息 在他的头顶上,我妈妈说我

把它放在那里是为了让他笑,这

是自从我的娜娜去世后他第一次笑

我全家都说我

知道人们的

感受和需要什么,但我在这里 今天

和每天工作的

感觉就像那是我

为包括我自己在内的任何人

做的最后一件事 认为自己

在那个年龄足够聪明,知道如何减轻

祖父的悲伤,

但我已经意识到的是 我

可能只是在做每个小人都会做的事情

并模仿他的行为,这就是

让他发笑的原因

,这就是让我的全家人

认为我有一些特殊的同情天赋

,然后鼓励并

无意识地重复和完善了

研究 sh 婴儿大脑中的神经元会因照顾者的微笑而放电,

然后他们会回以微笑,从而形成一个来回的良性

循环 同理心的巨大潜力,

它构成了情感智慧的基础,

不仅使我们能够了解

自己

,还可以推断他人的

想法

,这使我们成为独特的人,

但它只能通过

与他人互动来发展

我们

并不总是完全理解

这种影响对我们产生的影响的严重性和深度

让我给你举一个令人吃惊的例子,

这个人没有

我们的生活起点 oksana malaya

于 1983 年出生在乌克兰一个破败的小村庄

她的父母中的一些人是酗酒者,

一天

晚上喝得酩酊大醉,没有意识到他们把

三岁的奥克萨娜留在外面

寻找温暖,她和流浪狗一起蜷缩起来

在该地区漫游,

没有人来找她,在接下来的五年里,她

一直

作为狼群中的一员生活,但

最终她在八岁时被发现,

她变成了所谓的

野孩子,

她不能 说话

她四肢着地走路 她像

狗一样吠叫并从垃圾中搜寻食物

这是

我们大脑系统如何在我们的环境中需要一个

模型的鲜明证明

父母的鼓励

,也许不出所料,在我

十几岁的时候,我的愿望

是成为一名心理学家,但是当我

进入工作世界时,

我发现自己不知不觉地被

同龄人所做的事情拉住了,

我在一所好大学上学 好

成绩

似乎很自然的事情

就是在

18 至 29 岁

期间从事金融或管理咨询

工作 有意识地依靠我们的同龄人来塑造

我们的决定

我们的大脑一直在发育

直到二十多岁,

但是社会规范对我们的一生产生了巨大的影响

当我走的时候我意识到

当我离开大学时我选择了错误的人来反映

并不是因为他们是我不

喜欢或不

尊重的人只是他们不是

带我前进的正确人 我想去,

所以我离开了我的工作我回到

大学攻读了职业心理学的研究生

,然后开始向其他心理学家学习,

因为你可以看到

真正引起我注意的一件事

是我们是如何塑造和学习

的 我们周围的人

我称之为镜像思维,

但这不仅适用于

我们从事什么工作等重大生活决策,

也不仅仅是我们多年来反复建立的行为,

它一直在发生

例如,我们进化到捕捉他人的

情绪

发表在英国医学

杂志上的文章

在六年的时间里跟踪了近 5000 人,

研究幸福的传播

表明,如果一个人快乐,就会

对他们的朋友、

他们的朋友和 甚至他们的朋友

朋友

和作者都认为,这会

延伸到抑郁

焦虑饮食习惯饮酒甚至

运动

等事情上,我们往往会产生这样的错觉

,即

我们意识到这些事情是如何

塑造我们的,

但大多数时候我们并没有 研究

表明

,我们实际上只有

大约 5% 的认知

活动有意识,

这意味着我们大部分的

决策都是在没有意识的情况下发生的,

所以你看到很少有

从他人那里吸收的行为,

而我们没有意识到这些行为会累积成习惯

和持久的行为。

成为我们正在

改变我们的信念和推动我们的

价值观的

人的一部分,他们正在

通过我的工作塑造你我' 我

有幸听到数百

人的故事,

其中许多人在

他们的领域中最成功,

我意识到和看到的一件事

是这些人

在生命早期受到亲戚或父母的影响,

也许比他们

意识到的要多,直到 他们对此进行了反思,

但我意识到的另一件事是

,这些人在成年后有多少有意识地

选择了他们想要反映的

人,例如,一位女士让我们称

她为跨国公司的首席执行官夏洛特

,什么时候 我向她介绍了她,很明显

,她从工作的第一天起就一直在寻找她的

同龄人和上级,以了解

她认为

成功并引起她共鸣的行为的细微差别,

以及例如更资深的

同事如何与客户谈判或

带领

其他人,她

逐渐像侦探一样发现了

对她

有用的东西,并选择反击那些她认为不会的东西

, 现在她成功地经营着这

家公司,

所以你

知道我们是否选择以及我们如何选择

对我们有帮助或无帮助的习惯、信仰和行为真的值得

思考,

但问题是现代世界

正在阻碍这一切 自然

机制

首先因为我们的联系较少

社区变得更加分散

这意味着我们根本

没有机会联系这

是镜像的核心

这意味着我们没有

培养成为人类的意义

其次因为我们的加速

生活节奏

让我问你一些我

目前在问自己的问题

你是否抽出时间进行深入而

有意义的对话

跳到下一

件事 我们在科学

和技术方面的快速发展

我们正在以

令人难以置信的速度创造解决方案 以举例 e

为隐蔽 19 岁开发成功的疫苗,

但我们正在以更快的速度制造问题,

因为技术在

我们所有的

互动之间暗示自己改变了信念行为

和态度

在加拿大进行的一项研究在整个过程中观察了 18 至

22 岁的

儿童 五年的研究

表明,发短信的增加

导致道德

反思

的减少,社会

正义和

平等的动机减少,对正直重要性的信念的减少

,这进一步扩大了

我们在政治生活的所有方式中看到的

分裂

仇恨犯罪 极端主义 糟糕的心理健康

气候变化 他们都

以这种自然机制的破坏为基础

人们总是问奥克萨娜发生了什么事

住在智障心理学家的家中

互动

说她的谈话

很奇怪 她说话就像是命令

她的演讲没有节奏、音乐或节奏 她有六岁孩子的认知

能力 弗莱

描述的无聊门槛低到危险的程度

为什么因为她长大了

模仿野狗而不是人类,

不可逆转地损害了她以我们认为正常

的方式阅读人类互动细微差别的能力,

所以你看到真的值得问问

自己,

我们正在镜像谁和什么,我们是否

足够镜像以保持人类

我的大脑你的 大脑 它们不是静止的

它们不断地适应和

变化以响应我们的互动

以及我们在自己和他人身上所经历的情绪

我们的

大脑就像一块需要锻炼的肌肉

你给你的

大脑

多少锻炼 每天早上醒来时,您会花几个小时

在电脑屏幕上消磨时间,

而不是看着周围人的脸

你做的第一件事

是拿起你的手机或

与家人进行深入

交谈 就像垃圾食品一样,如果你想

提高你的情感智慧,

你需要停止滚动,抬头看看

你周围的

人和你的社会生态系统中的人的脸,

记住我们 95% 的

认知能力

是无意识的

选择

正确的输入以将您带到

您想要的方向真的很重要

我邀请您加入

我已经开始采取的一些步骤

给自己空间与

您生活

中的人联系 工作 你买咖啡的

人会刺激你的情感

发展

想想你在生活的各个领域都在模仿谁

从职业工作个人成长

到养育家庭和健康

这些角色 这些模特可能看起来

出乎孩子或当地商店的某个人的意料

他们不必完美无缺

它正在观察

您欣赏的不同人的不同方面

并思考您希望如何

将其融入自己的行为中

,我敦促 你去思考

你是如何塑造他人的

你没有意识到有多少人在

模仿你

不要错过产生

深远积极影响的机会

我们都在塑造我们生活的世界

你想在其中扮演什么角色

没有什么

比对我们的

孩子更重要的了 他们

为他们的神经网络提供信息,并建立

能够有效捕捉人类互动的细微差别的方法。

他们还涉及虚假的角色模型,

其主要目的通常是为了自身利益,

他们不看 促进孩子的

发展 他们不相信你的

孩子

他们不与他们建立联系

我们是否让我们的孩子

与技术的野狗一起被冷落,并让

他们缺乏

适当发展

所需的刺激 我们需要 与我们的孩子建立联系

并帮助他们

找到榜样,使他们

能够发挥

潜力 如果我们更接近我们的孩子,我们将有更好的

领导者

更好地经营公司更好地经营

国家

我们将

改善我们家庭的福祉

和他们对未来的前景

如果您更刻意地反映

他人的有益行为,

您将使自己更快乐,更多

如果我们都更有意识地联系

和树立我们希望在世界上看到的东西,

我们就有机会提升

整个社会

和 其实很简单 抬头

看看周围的人的脸

,你会发现最好的自己