Why You Shouldnt Judge An Accent

[Music]

i judge a book by its cover once

and now i research why you shouldn’t do

it

it was late 2007 i just started

university

and all i could think was here are my

adulthood years i’m 18 years old now i

should own my life like all adults do

and read some non-fiction books that’s

what adult thing is right

my degree was in french so i went to

this french bookstore on a saturday

morning

and of all the books i was drawn into

senegal paris the little prince

i looked at the cover amazed by how

lightweight it was

and i slowly put it down and i thought

wow why did they leave a children’s book

in adult section

such an adult comment to make six months

later

the little prince was an assigned book

in my french literature class

when i read it aside from developing a

long-lasting addiction to each sentence

i felt ashamed i thought if i hadn’t

been given this opportunity to read the

little prince

i would have missed the most impactful

story of my life

now years later as a language scientist

i go after moments of snapshot judgments

such as judging up

by its cover but instead of trying to

understand how we judge books by their

covers

i try to understand how we judge others

accents by their looks

now an accent is a paradoxical element

in itself

it exists in all of us but most of us do

not want to have it

to say you have an accent is to

acknowledge that a part of you is

different than

others and in some ways

acknowledging this can make you stand

out in a crowd and we are all social

animals

we don’t like to be left out but i’ve

been most interested in accents when

they occur

as a result of bilingualism which is

when you acquire a second language

for instance if someone in finland

decides learning english as a second

language

they might have some reminiscence of

finnish in their english

this is an organic feature of learning a

second language it’s nothing to be

afraid of

and in fact it shows the unique paths

each and every one of us take

and thank goodness we sound slightly

different than each other

shows that we are humans and not

machines

as a multilingual adult i myself have my

unique accent and you’re already hearing

it

in fact it’s so unique that at the

beginning of each semester

it leads to a class long discussion i

often ask my students to guess where

they think i’m from

and i receive some of the most charming

place guesses

from brazil to japan my all-time

favorite is

mars i learned english when i moved to

canada from turkey in 2012.

before then i was somewhat exposed to

english but i never experienced speaking

it

my first years of using english were

made up of sentences

in a yodesh way but without the wiseness

and i aside from the word order i had

difficulty pronouncing these th

sounds and i still clearly remember one

cold morning

even though all mornings are cold in

canada i walk into pharmacy and i ask

what can i use for this huge blister on

my thumb

and you know you never know what you did

wrong when people start laughing and

disapproving at the same time

well no matter what i do no matter how

embarrassing a mistake i make

i came to the conclusion that this is

who i am

and when i reached this conclusion i

realized with the

coldest truth i was privileged enough to

laugh at my accent

and constantly make fun of it because

i’m white

but in fact my accent was found to be

funny

charming and even sophisticated but an

indian english speaker’s accent is found

to be incomprehensible

unintelligible and not sophisticated and

this is the part where i realize that

the snapshot judgments that people had

of me

differ towards that they had towards

other people

and i didn’t like it because i didn’t

want to miss another impactful story of

my life

just because of our brains snapshot

judgments

as a scientist i i had to do something

about it so i delved into bilingualism

and let me begin with this being a

bilingual is awesome

a plethora of research shows that when

you acquire a second language your brain

turns into a giant gym

all of a sudden different parts of your

brain start exercising

research even shows that being a

bilingual protects from

neurodegenerative diseases such as the

alzheimer’s disease

learning a new language contributes to

happy and healthy aging

which makes sense because the older we

get the smaller our social circles

become

but with more languages we have access

to more individuals

if bilingualism is this awesome why do

we then stigmatize it so much by

focusing on accents or judging people’s

accented speech

well the answer is in our brains our

brains become experts of the information

that we provide to them

systematically once you acquire your

first language

that language invades and shapes a lot

of things in your brain

the fact that you can tell that i’m not

a native speaker of english is because

your brain knows what american english

sounds sound like

and any little variation can be detected

and probably by now you have these loud

alarms in your brain saying that he is

not a native speaker

which is fine i’m fine with that but

then the issue gets really complicated

when our brains start hearing

non-existing accents

in my dissertation research i work on

this illusion

i pair pictures of faces with american

british and indian english

imagine seeing someone’s face on a

computer screen and listening to

sentences

in one condition with a south asian face

another condition with a white face

in short the only thing that was

changing was the faces

participants task was to listen to those

sentences type them down

and judge if the speaker had an accent

or not

results show that when paired with a

white face it didn’t matter much what

type of variety they were listening to

they didn’t have any difficulty typing

down those sentences

but something strange happened when we

switched faces from white faces

to south asian faces all of a sudden

participants had really hard times

typing down those sentences

they even found american english as

being accented

faces impact how we hear others we judge

others

by their covers however the most

striking results show that

participants who had more racial

diversity in their social surroundings

did not differ in terms of their

judgments towards south asian faces and

white faces

which suggests that with more racial

diversity in our social surroundings

you can actually not use those snapshot

judgments

now these results have huge implications

for a place like florida

where a good portion of the population

grow in multilingual houses

can you imagine how you can judge

someone by just looking at their face

without listening to their voice would

that

future impact you your loved ones

we’re now living in a world where

machines take over some parts of our

lives by convenience

if you don’t acknowledge our accidents

now none of our accidents will be

acknowledged in the future

imagine calling 911 machine answers and

that machine cannot understand your

speech because

it was programmed by someone who assumed

that accidents are only funny things to

laugh at in tv shows

in fact during the times of health

crisis and pandemics such as covet 19

individuals who speak english as a

second language have faced some of the

harshest

outcomes of these crises what if your

children apply for jobs or

schools and their applications are

disqualified by algorithms that cannot

recognize their voices

what if your bank won’t identify your

voice

what if you try re-entering your home

country from abroad

and the automated custom service cannot

understand your speech

in fact some of these are already

happening in a different platform

there was a recent incident where face

recognition program couldn’t recognize

people of color’s faces

because it was only programmed for white

faces

before it happens to our voices let’s

make it count this time

what can we do about it well first let’s

not make fun of an accent

if somebody makes fun of an accent let’s

raise our voices

let’s have children listen to people

from more diverse backgrounds

let’s give our students more

opportunities to interact with our

international teaching assistants

let’s give our accents their

let’s allow accents to live their lives

in our lives

they’re not going to harm our language

they’re not going to change who we are

they should be allowed to stay with us

on our unique paths

and let’s not shy away from the reality

we all have accents

some may be more similar than others but

they don’t mean any harm

i would like to end on a personal note

with a challenging story

you’re looking at me right now seeing a

language scientist working on accents

maybe you wouldn’t see a struggling past

and maybe my face covers it all

but don’t judge me by my cover

what if i told you you just finished

listening to a trans person

who is fortunate to be alive let alone

to be on the stage

i struggled with my own voice for over

26 years

and now that i found it it’s my goal to

help others

to hold on to their voices

it might be hard for some to accept but

we can all exist in this world

the paradox begins when we question

whether we can coexist at all

the reality is we’ve been coexisting for

a very long time we just don’t want to

give ourselves the credit

as a language scientist and someone with

a struggling past i can assure you that

this is not hard at all

all we need to do is instead of using

words to describe our relationships

we experience our relationships so next

time when you look someone in the face

instead of thinking about all the labels

or words that you can use to describe

them

think about all the endless

opportunities that you can share with

them

just like senegal period did with the

little prince

[音乐]

我曾经通过封面来判断一本书

,现在我研究为什么你不应该这样做

那是 2007 年底我刚开始上

大学

,我能想到的就是我的

成年岁月我已经 18 岁了,现在我

应该 像所有成年人一样拥有我的生活

并阅读一些非小说类书籍,这

就是成人的正确

我的学位是法语所以我

在星期六早上去了这家法国书店

,在所有书籍中我被吸引到

塞内加尔巴黎小王子

我看着封面,惊讶于它的

轻巧,我慢慢放下它,我想

哇,为什么他们在成人部分留下一本儿童读物

这样一个成人评论六个月

后小王子是我的法语指定书

当我读文学课时,除了

对每句话产生持久的沉迷外,

我感到很

惭愧 作为一名语言科学家,

我会追求一些快照判断的时刻,

例如

通过封面来判断,但不是试图

理解我们如何通过封面来判断书籍,而是

试图理解我们如何

通过外表来判断别人的口音

现在口音是一个自相矛盾的元素

它本身

存在于我们所有人中,但我们大多数人

不希望

它说你有口音是

承认你的一部分与

其他人不同,

并且在某些方面

承认这一点可以让你

在人群中脱颖而出 我们都是社会

动物,

我们不喜欢被排除在外,但

我对双语导致的口音最感兴趣,

也就是

当你获得第二语言

时,例如,如果芬兰的某个人

决定学习英语作为 第二

语言

他们的英语可能会让人想起

芬兰语

这是学习

第二语言的一个有机特征 它没有什么好

害怕的

,事实上它展示了每一个独特的路径

y 我们中的一个人接受

并谢天谢地,我们听起来

彼此略有不同

表明我们是人类而不是

机器

作为一个多语种的成年人我自己有我

独特的口音,你已经听到

它实际上它是如此独特以至于在

开始时 每个学期

都会引发一场长时间的讨论 我

经常让我的学生猜猜

他们认为我

来自哪里 我收到了一些从巴西到日本最迷人的

地方的猜测

我一直

最喜欢的是

火星 我搬家时学了英语

2012年从土耳其到加拿大。

在那之前,我有点接触过

英语,但我从来没有经历过说英语。

我使用英语的第一年是

用约德什语的句子组成的

,但没有智慧

,除了词序之外,我有

困难 发出这些

声音,我仍然清楚地记得一个

寒冷的早晨,

即使在加拿大所有的早晨

都很冷 现在你永远不知道你

做错了什么,当人们开始同时开始大笑和

不赞成时,

无论我做什么,无论我

犯了多么尴尬的错误,

我得出的结论是这

就是我

,当我得出这个结论时,我

最冷酷的事实意识到,我有幸

嘲笑我的口音

并不断取笑它,因为

我是白人,

但实际上我的口音被发现很

有趣

迷人甚至老练,但

印度英语使用者的口音被

发现难以理解

难以理解且不复杂,

这是我

意识到人们对我的快照判断

与他们对其他人的不同的部分

,我不喜欢它,因为我

不想错过我生命中另一个有影响力的故事

只是因为我们的大脑

作为科学家的快照判断 ii 不得不对此

做点什么,所以我深入研究了双语

,让我从这个开始,成为一名

双语者真是太棒

了 大量研究表明,当

你获得第二语言时,你的大脑

会突然变成一个巨大的健身房

,你

大脑的不同部分开始锻炼

研究甚至表明,

双语可以防止

神经退行性疾病,如

阿尔茨海默病,

学习一门新语言有助于

快乐和健康的老龄

化是有道理的,因为我们越老,

我们的社交圈就越小,

但是

如果双语如此出色,

我们可以接触到更多

人 说

得好 答案就在我们的大脑中 我们的

大脑成为

我们系统地提供给他们的信息的专家

一旦你掌握了你的

第一

语言 语言会侵入并塑造

你大脑中

的很多东西 你可以说我不是

以英语为母语的人是因为

你的大脑知道美式英语听起来像什么,

并且 任何微小的变化都可以被检测到

,可能现在你的大脑中有这些响亮的

警报,说他

不是母语人士

,这很好,我对此很好,但是

当我们的大脑开始听到

不存在的声音时,问题变得非常复杂 口音

在我的论文研究中我致力于

这种错觉

我将面部照片与美国

英国和印度英语配对

想象在电脑屏幕上看到某人的脸

在一种情况下用南亚人脸听句子

简而言之是另一种情况下的白脸 唯一

改变的是面孔

参与者的任务是听这些

句子把它们打下来

并判断说话者是否有口音

结果表明,当与一张白脸配对时,

它们是什么类型并不重要 听

他们打出这些句子没有任何困难

但是当我们

将面孔从白人面孔转换

为南亚面孔时,发生了一些奇怪的事情 突然之间,

参与者真的很难

输入那些

他们甚至发现美国英语

因为带有口音的

面孔影响我们听到别人的方式我们

通过他们的封面来判断别人但是最

引人注目的结果表明

参与者

在他们的社交环境中具有更多的种族多样性

在他们对南亚面孔和白人面孔的判断方面并没有什么不同,

这表明随着

我们社会环境中更多的种族多样性,

你实际上不能使用这些快照

判断,

现在这些结果对

像佛罗里达这样的地方有很大的影响,

其中很大一部分 人口

在多语种的房子里增长

你能想象如何

只看他们的脸

而不听他们的声音来判断一个人

未来会影响你你的亲人吗?

我们现在生活在一个

机器接管我们生活的某些部分的世界里

方便起见,

如果你不承认我们的事故

现在我们的事故都不会

是 未来被承认

想象一下拨打 911 机器回答

并且机器无法理解您的

讲话,因为

它是由一个

认为事故只是

在电视节目中嘲笑的有趣事情的人编写的

,事实上在健康

危机和流行病(如 covet 19)期间

将英语作为

第二语言的个人面临

着这些危机的一些最严重的后果 如果您的

孩子申请工作或

学校并且他们的申请被

无法识别他们声音的算法取消资格

如果您的银行无法识别您的

声音

怎么办 如果您尝试从国外重新进入您的祖国

并且自动定制服务无法

理解您的语音

,事实上其中一些已经

在不同的平台

上发生了最近发生的事件,面部

识别程序无法

识别有色人种的面部,

因为

在它发生在我们的声音之前,它只是为白人面孔编程的,让我们

让它成为现实吧 这次

我们能做些什么首先让我们

不要取笑口音

如果有人取笑口音让

我们提高声音

让我们让孩子们倾听

来自不同背景

的人让我们给我们的学生更多

机会与我们的

国际交流 助教

让我们赋予我们的口音

让我们让口音

在我们的生活中生活

他们不会损害我们的语言

他们不会改变我们的身份

他们应该被允许

在我们独特的道路上

与我们在一起,让我们 不要回避现实,

我们都有口音,

有些口音可能比其他口音更相似,但

它们并不意味着任何

伤害 处理口音

也许你不会看到挣扎的

过去也许我的脸掩盖了一切

但不要以我的掩饰来评判

我如果我告诉你你刚刚

听完一个幸运的跨性别

者怎么办 宁愿活着

更不用说站在舞台

上 我为自己的声音奋斗了超过

26 年

,现在我发现它是我的目标,

帮助其他

人保持他们的

声音可能有些人难以接受,但

我们可以 一切都存在于这个

世界上 当我们质疑我们是否可以共存时,悖论就开始

了 现实是我们已经共存

了很长时间 我们只是不想

把自己

当作语言科学家

和挣扎中的人 过去,我可以向你保证,

这一点都不难,

我们需要做的就是不要用

文字来描述我们的关系,

而是体验我们的关系,所以

下次当你看着某人的脸时,

不要考虑所有标签

或词 你可以用来形容

他们

想想

你可以与他们分享的所有无尽的机会,

就像塞内加尔时期对小王子所做的那样