Why arent we using the most effective addiction treatments

if you live in the united states

then i likely don’t have to tell you

about the growing issue of opioid

overdose

in fact you may have lost someone

however if you’re unfamiliar

136 americans die every single day

to opioid overdose to put this into

perspective

you could almost fill a jumbo jet with

the amount of people that die

every single day what if i were to tell

you

that there is not one but two

medications that effectively

treat opioid use disorder and prevent

the rate of opioid overdose death by

nearly half

what if i were to tell you that

due to widespread medical negligence

that less than 20 percent

of people who are at risk for overdose

actually will receive these medications

this year

before i continue let me tell you a

little bit about myself

using illicit drugs saved my life

i grew up living with unrecognized and

untreated mental illness

things like ptsd severe anxiety a severe

mood disorder

illicit drugs is what helped me cope

until they almost killed me multiple

times

the first time i remember overdosing i

was on my bedroom floor

with my mom standing over me i’ll never

forget the look of horror on her face

or the subsequent shame that i felt

the next time i remember i was

underneath an apartment complex

staircase

this time with ems standing over me i

doubt they will ever forget the look of

horror on my face

naloxone is what saved my life naloxone

is a drug that reverses an opioid

overdose

you might have heard of naloxone as in

recent years

it’s become more widely available in

communities because of laws that have

been passed

making it easier for lay people to have

and distribute naloxone

however what made one of my overdoses so

peculiar

was that we didn’t use naloxone when i

was using

naloxone wasn’t yet widely available in

my community

in fact i’d never even heard of it we

used a different drug

it was a small orange film that we would

keep inside of our wallets

it’s a drug that’s not even proven

effective to reverse an overdose

it’s called buprenorphine actually

buprenorphine is a drug that treats

opioid use disorder

in fact it’s one of the most effective

treatments we have for opioid use

disorder

second only to methadone what makes

buprenorphine

and methadone work so well is that

they’re

agonists meaning they activate the same

receptors in the brain that illicit

opioids like heroin and fentanyl do

there are people that have been critical

of these medications

because of that reason however

what makes these drugs so special is

that the way they work

is that they’re only just mimicking

the natural opioids that are produced in

all of our brains

they’re also known as endorphins what

happens with people living with opioid

use disorder

is that they’re no longer able to

sufficiently produce enough opioids on

their own naturally

so we supplement them with medications

like methadone and buprenorphine

this is similar to how we treat someone

with diabetes

whose pancreas can no longer

sufficiently produce enough insulin

so we give them insulin to supplement

i was not fortunate enough to receive

methadone during my experiences as an

injection drug user

however i did receive a prescription to

buprenorphine

i consider myself so fortunate to have

received that

because so few have access to health

care

what i remember about the first time i

took buprenorphine

is not craving heroin which was

very unusual for me the other thing i

remember

more overwhelming but harder to put into

words

was this sense of normalcy one that had

been foreign to me for a long time

i did good for a while until my provider

found out about another prescription

medication

that i’d been taking that had been

prescribed to me

instead of having a conversation with me

about it he just discontinued my

prescription to buprenorphine

the next day i injected heroin again

things continued for me somewhat

worsening

until i was coerced into inpatient

treatment for the first time

not all treatment is created equal

the first thing i remember about

treatment is someone very unkindly

telling me that

i would have to give up the very things

that saved my life

and they told me that i couldn’t use

buprenorphine or methadone

when buprenorphine was the only thing

that had helped me before

for 14 days i was there and while i was

there i experienced harassment

even assault and i told the staff about

it

they didn’t do anything i i wanted to

leave

but the medical staff they told me that

my insurance

would not cover my treatment if i were

to leave against medical advice

i later found out that that was a lie

i’d been held hostage there

so after 14 days i took matters into my

own hands and retaliated

i was invited to leave the very next day

i injected heroin like the majority of

people that leave abstinence-based

treatment

in fact studies show that 90 of people

with opioid use disorder

that even complete detox and

psychosocial treatment alone

will return to use they also didn’t tell

me that my risk for overdose would be

heightened

because i had a tolerance before i went

tolerance is what happens when someone

uses an opioid frequently

they need more and more of it to achieve

the same response

however when someone detoxes they lose

that tolerance

and it’s much easier for them to

overdose

so a few overdoses and arrests later

i ended up in inpatient treatment again

this time voluntarily

and this treatment was much different

the the people were kind to me

some of them had even experienced what i

had experienced

however they still wouldn’t let me have

buprenorphine or methadone

which i found curious

after that with exception to one

occurrence of use

i haven’t injected drugs in over seven

years

so what made me different what made me

different when ninety percent of people

that leave abstinence-based treatment

will return to use

i think there’s a number of things the

most important one being

my melanin deficiency

i was able to avoid getting in trouble

very well

because of the way that i looked and

where i lived

i was offered treatment instead of

incarceration

however our friends and neighbors who

are black or brown have a much different

experience

they are disproportionately targeted

incarcerated

the next thing i had was a number of

resources

i had insurance a lot of people don’t

have that privilege

not only that my parents had some money

they were able to pay a copay for me to

go to a nice treatment center

when leaving treatment i didn’t have a

record because they let me go to

treatment instead of jail

so i had access to gainful employment i

had access to safe and affordable

housing

i had access to resources to a whole

community

of people in recovery willing to help me

and that community did help me i learned

tons of life-saving information

and received tons of help over the years

however along the way these well-meaning

folks also

offered me some dangerous misinformation

they told me that buprenorphine the drug

that had once helped me

is bad and it’s cheating methadone as

well

they said that they discouraged people

from taking buprenorphine or methadone

and if they did they said that they

weren’t clean which i guess the

implication is that they’re dirty

some groups wouldn’t allow people using

buprenorphine or methadone to

participate or share

part of my privilege allowed me the

opportunity to go back to school

and not only finish my bachelor’s but my

master’s in social work

after they even let me become a licensed

social worker

i learned a lot while i was there but it

challenged me

i internalized those biases that i

learned in the recovery community

in fact i remember in my first social

work class we had a guest speaker

and he worked at a clinic that provided

buprenorphine to people with opioid use

disorder

and based on what i’d been told at the

end of the class i scoffed and told him

that he was killing people

i’ve come a long way since then through

formal education and

more importantly from people who are

directly impacted

some of the things i learned included

reading this study that was published in

the journal of american medicine

one of the world’s leading medical

publications

in this study they followed 40 000

americans with an opioid use disorder

for 12 months and what they found

is that the only treatments associated

with reducing

opioid overdose were buprenorphine

and methadone that is staggering

that should quash any moral or

philosophical arguments against the use

of medicine to treat opioid use disorder

alone

however what’s also staggering in the

study

is that out of the 40 000 adults

followed only 1 in 10 of them received

methadone

and less than one in five of them

received buprenorphine

the stigma against these medicines are

so ingrained in our society

that even the professionals we look to

to help our loved ones with opioid use

disorder will not utilize them

another study showed that out of all the

treatment providers in the united states

only 36 percent of them are even

offering just one of those medications

to treat opioid use disorder that is

because of the stigma

of the providers that do do this many of

them are for profit

people will pay as much as 12 to 20

dollars a day

to receive their medicine every morning

in my community

there is a non-profit that will provide

medicine to people

that are uninsured or without money to

otherwise pay for it

this is a great thing however there’s a

number of barriers in the way

for one for folks to be admitted into

the program

they have to have failed an

abstinence-based treatment before

and document that once they’re in

they have to show up every single

morning to receive their medicine

and wait in line behind others and have

their medicine administered to them

through a window

this is quite the barrier for people

with no transportation

also if they get accepted in the program

they have to do an intensive outpatient

treatment program

what this means is that four days a week

for three hours a day

they go into a group with other patients

and a licensed professional

this is a good thing right we want our

folks to

have their needs met with therapy as

well however when it’s required

it often serves as a barrier and

prevents access to the medication

i mean could you imagine having diabetes

and going to see your provider

and you’re expecting the standard of

care

insulin and they tell you well

you know before i provide that you’re

gonna have to try and manage your

nutrition

so you try that and it doesn’t work and

you go back to the provider and they say

okay well now i can give you some

insulin

but for me to give it to you you have to

go to these nutrition management classes

they’re four days a week for three hours

a day

and if you can’t go or you stop going

i’m gonna have to withhold your insulin

we would never allow that right that’s

because in the united states

when we withhold the standard of care

for a medical condition

that has a name and that name is medical

negligence

yet this is common practice in opioid

treatment across the country

i’m so fortunate because for the past

few years i’ve had the opportunity to

provide harm reduction services to

people in the community

what this means is i distribute things

like syringes

and naloxone the drug that reverses an

opioid overdose

even more i’ve had the privilege of

meeting more than a thousand

amazing people in our community all of

them at risk for opioid overdose

and i can say confidently that if

tomorrow morning

we had a provider open up that had

accessible buprenorphine and methadone

we would have hundreds of people show up

the very next day

they wouldn’t end up like my friend josh

my friend josh lived in this community

and he was a special person

he saved countless lives with naloxone

so one day he got sick he was admitted

to the hospital

with an infection related to his

injection drug use

he would have to be there for six weeks

getting treated

soon after getting there he went into

withdrawal

withdrawal is what happens to someone

who is dependent on opioids

that is no longer taking them it’s like

having

the worst flu imaginable

in the hospital because of his injection

drug use

history wouldn’t give him medicine to

treat it

they wouldn’t even give him

buprenorphine or methadone

the standard of care in fact the

hospital

didn’t even have an order set to give

him that if they wanted to

well josh was resourceful so

he decided if they weren’t going to

manage his symptoms then he would

so he had a friend come in and bring him

some illicit opioids

when the hospital caught wind of this

they banned

josh from having any visitors so now

once again sick

and in the hospital and now alone

without any friends or family

he left and who could blame him

over time josh’s condition worsens

and he was readmitted to the hospital

only this time

he’d be leaving in a body bag

he died there sick without his symptoms

managed

alone not allowed to have friends or

family visit him

and likely very afraid

it is because of people like my friend

josh

and the many others that are denied

basic health care

that we have to have reform in our

policies with addiction treatment

we have to do what we know works

i personally am sick and tired of

burying people that i love

knowing that we have the means to

prevent this

but simply being unwilling to do it

there should be no one listening that’s

left wondering why it is

that we have a jumbo jet full of people

die every single day to opioid overdose

thank you

如果你住在美国,

那么我可能不必告诉

你日益严重的阿片类药物

过量问题事实上你可能已经失去了一个人

但是如果你不熟悉

每天有 136 名美国人死于

阿片类药物过量

从角度来看,

你几乎可以用每天

死亡的人数来装满一架大型喷气式飞机

如果我告诉

,没有一种而是两种

药物可以有效

治疗阿片类药物使用障碍并将

阿片类药物过量死亡率降低

近一半

如果我要告诉你,

由于广泛的医疗疏忽

,今年实际上只有不到 20%

的有过量服药风险的人

会接受这些药物

然后我继续让我告诉你

一些关于我自己

使用非法药物拯救了我的

我从小就生活在未被认识和

未经治疗的精神疾病中

像 ptsd 严重焦虑 严重的

情绪障碍

非法药物帮助我应对

直到他们 almos

我记得第一次过量服药

时,我在卧室的地板

上,我妈妈站在我身旁,我永远不会

忘记她脸上的恐惧表情

或随后我

下次记得我在

下面时感到的羞耻感。 这次是一个公寓大楼的

楼梯

,急救人员站在我面前,我

怀疑他们永远不会忘记

我脸上的恐怖表情

纳洛酮是救了我的命

的药物 纳洛酮是一种可以逆转阿片类药物

过量的药物

你可能听说过纳洛酮,因为

近年来

它是

由于已经通过的法律

使非专业人士更容易拥有

和分发纳洛酮,

因此在社区中变得更广泛可用,但是使我的过量服用如此

奇怪的

是,当我使用纳洛酮时我们没有使用

纳洛酮还没有 在

我的社区

中广泛使用 事实上我什至从未听说过它 我们

使用了另一种药物

这是一个橙色的小薄膜 我们会

放在钱包里

它是一种甚至没有 被证明可以

有效逆转过量服用

它被称为丁丙诺啡实际上

丁丙诺啡是一种治疗

阿片类药物使用障碍

的药物实际上它是

我们对阿片类药物使用障碍的最有效治疗方法之一,

仅次于美沙酮使

丁丙诺啡

和美沙酮如此有效的原因是

它们 re

激动剂意味着它们激活

大脑中

与海洛因和芬太尼等非法阿片类药物相同的受体

确实有人因为这个原因而

对这些药物持批评态度,

但是使这些药物如此特别的原因

在于它们的工作

方式是它们 只是模仿

我们所有大脑中产生的天然阿片类药物,

它们也被称为内啡肽

,阿片类药物

使用障碍患者的情况

是,他们不再能够自然

地自行产生足够的阿片类药物,

所以我们 用美沙酮和丁丙诺啡等药物补充他们,

这类似于我们对待

患有糖尿病的人的方式 糖尿病患者

的胰腺不能再

充分产生足够的胰岛素,

所以我们给他们胰岛素来补充

在我作为注射吸毒者的经历中,我没有足够的幸运接受美沙酮,

但是我确实收到了丁丙诺啡的处方,

我认为自己很幸运能

收到

因为很少有人能够获得医疗

保健

,所以我记得我第一次

服用丁丙诺啡

时并没有渴望海洛因,这

对我来说是非常不寻常的另一件事我

记得

更压倒性但更难用

语言表达的

是这种正常

感 对我来说很长一段时间都是陌生

的,直到我的提供者

发现我一直服用的另一种处方

给我开的,

而不是与我

谈论它,他只是停止了我

对丁丙诺啡的处方

第二天我再次注射海洛因,

情况继续

恶化,

直到我被强迫注射海洛因

第一次就医治疗

并非所有治疗都是平等

的 我记得关于治疗的第一件事

是有人非常不友好地

告诉我,

我必须放弃

那些挽救了我生命的东西

,他们告诉我我不能使用

丁丙诺啡 或美沙酮,

当时丁丙诺啡是唯一

对我有帮助

的 14 天,我在那里,当我在

那里时,我经历了骚扰

甚至攻击,我告诉工作人员

他们没有做任何事情,我想

离开,

但医务人员 他们告诉我,如果

我违背医生的建议离开,我的保险

将不包括我的治疗

我后来发现那是一个谎言,

我在那里被扣为人质,

所以 14 天后我

自己动手并报复了

我 第二天就被邀请离开

我像大多数离开禁欲治疗的人一样注射了海洛因

事实上研究表明 90

患有阿片类药物使用障碍

的人甚至完成了排毒 和

单独的心理社会治疗

将恢复使用他们也没有

告诉我过量服用的风险会

增加,

因为我在服用之前有耐受

性 耐受性是当有人经常使用阿片类药物时会发生的情况,

他们需要越来越多的阿片类药物才能达到

同样的反应,

但是当有人排毒时,他们会失去

这种耐受性

,而且他们更容易

过量服用,

所以后来几次过量服用和逮捕

我这次自愿再次接受住院治疗

,这种治疗有很大

不同,人们对我很友善

他们中的一些人甚至经历过我

所经历的,

但他们仍然不让我

服用丁丙诺啡或美沙酮,在那之后我觉得很好奇,除了有一次使用我已经七年多没有注射药物了,

所以是什么让我与众不同

当 90%

放弃基于禁欲的治疗的人将恢复使用时,这让我变得不同了,

我认为有很多事情

最重要的是

我的黑色素缺乏症

我能够很好地避免陷入麻烦,

因为我的长相和

居住地

我得到了治疗而不是

监禁,

但是我们

的黑人或棕色的朋友和邻居有很大不同的

经历

他们是不成比例的

被监禁

的目标 接下来我有很多

资源

我有保险 很多人

没有这种特权

不仅因为我的父母有一些钱

他们能够支付共付额让我

去一个不错的地方 治疗中心

离开治疗时 我没有

记录,因为他们让我去接受

治疗而不是坐牢,

所以我可以获得有报酬的工作

我可以获得安全和负担得起的

住房

我可以获得整个

社区的康复资源 愿意帮助我

,那个社区确实帮助了我,我学到了

很多拯救生命的信息

,多年来收到了很多帮助,

但是一路走来,这些都很好- 意思是

人们还

向我提供了一些危险的错误信息,

他们告诉我丁丙诺啡

这种曾经对我有帮助的药物

是坏的,它也是欺骗美沙酮

他们说他们不鼓励

人们服用丁丙诺啡或美沙酮

,如果他们这样做了,他们说

他们不是 我想这

意味着他们很脏,

有些团体不允许使用

丁丙诺啡或美沙酮的人

参与或分享

我的部分特权,这让我有

机会回到学校

,不仅完成了我的学士学位,而且完成了我的

硕士学位

他们甚至让我成为一名有执照的

社会工作者之后的社会

工作 我在那里学到了很多,但这

对我构成挑战

我内化了我

在康复社区中学到的那些偏见

事实上我记得在我的第一

堂社会工作课上,我们有一位客座演讲者

他在一家

为阿片类药物使用

障碍患者

提供丁丙诺啡的诊所工作

我嘲笑他,告诉

他他在杀人,

从那时起,我通过正规教育取得了长足的

进步,

更重要的是,我从那些受到

直接影响的人那里

学到了一些东西,包括

阅读发表

在《美国医学杂志》上的这项研究

作为这项研究中世界领先的医学出版物之一,他们跟踪了 40,000 名

患有阿片类药物使用障碍的美国人

12 个月,他们发现

与减少

阿片类药物过量使用相关的唯一治疗方法是丁丙诺啡

和美沙酮,这是惊人的

,应该可以消除任何道德或

反对仅

使用药物治疗阿片类药物使用障碍的哲学论据

然而,该研究中还令人震惊的

是,在 40,000 名成年人中,

只有十分之一的人接受了

美沙酮治疗

,不到五分之一的人

接受了丁丙诺啡治疗。

这些药物

在我们的社会中根深蒂固

,即使是我们希望帮助的专业人士

我们患有阿片类药物使用

障碍的亲人不会使用它们

另一项研究表明,在美国的所有

治疗提供者中,

只有 36% 的人甚至

只提供其中一种药物

来治疗阿片类药物使用障碍,这是

因为 这样做的提供者

很多都是为了盈利

人们每天早上要支付高达 12 到 20

美元

来接受他们的药物

在我的社区

有一个非营利组织将为

没有保险或没有保险的人提供药物 用

其他方式支付它的钱

这是一件好事,但是在人们被录取进入该计划的过程中存在

许多障碍,

他们必须之前未能通过

基于禁欲的治疗

并记录一旦他们进入

他们 必须每天

早上出现以接受他们的药物

并在其他人后面排队等候

并通过窗户给他们服用药物

这对于p来说是相当大的障碍

没有交通工具的人,

如果他们被接受在该计划中,

他们必须进行强化门诊

治疗计划

这意味着每周四天

,每天三小时,

他们与其他患者和有执照的专业人员一起进入一个小组,

这是一个 好的,我们希望我们的

人们

也能通过治疗来满足他们的需求,

但是当需要治疗时,

它通常会成为障碍并

阻止获得药物

我的意思是你能想象患有糖尿病

并去看你的提供者

并且你期待 胰岛素护理标准

,他们很好地告诉你,

在我提供之前你就知道,

你将不得不尝试管理你的

营养,

所以你尝试了它,但它不起作用,

你回到提供者那里,他们说

现在很好 我可以给你一些

胰岛素,

但我要给你,你必须

去这些营养管理课程,

他们每周上四天,每天三个小时

,如果你不能去或者你停止去,

我就去 na 必须扣留你的胰岛素,

我们永远不会允许这种权利,

因为在美国,

当我们扣留有名称

的医疗状况

的护理标准时,该名称是医疗

疏忽

,但这是全国阿片类药物治疗的常见做法

我很幸运,因为在过去的

几年里,我有机会为

社区中的

人们提供减少伤害的服务这意味着我分发

注射器

和纳洛酮之类的东西,这种药物可以逆转

阿片类药物过量服用

有幸

在我们社区遇到了超过一千名令人惊叹的人,

他们都面临阿片类药物过量的风险

,我可以自信地说,如果

明天早上

我们有一个提供丁丙诺啡和美沙酮的供应商开放,

我们将有数百人展示

第二天起来,

他们不会像我的朋友乔希那样结束,

我的朋友乔希住在这个社区

,他是一个特别的人,

他拯救了无数 ss 与纳洛酮一起生活,

所以有一天他生病了 他因注射吸毒而入院

他将不得不在那里待六周

到达那里后不久接受治疗 他进入

戒断状态

戒断是发生在某人身上

谁依赖阿片类药物

而不再服用它们就像

在医院里可以想象到的最严重的流感因为他的注射

吸毒

史不会给他

治疗它的药物

他们甚至不会给他

丁丙诺啡或美沙酮

的标准 关心 事实上,

医院

甚至没有下令给

他,如果他们想

好的话,乔希是足智多谋的,所以

他决定如果他们不打算

控制他的症状,那么他会,

所以他让一个朋友进来并带来

当医院得知此事时,

他们禁止

乔希接待任何访客,所以他现在

又生病了

,在医院里,现在独自一人,

没有任何朋友或

家人 英尺,

随着时间的推移,谁能责怪他 乔希的病情恶化

,他再次被送进医院,

只是这次

他会留在一个尸袋里,

他死在那里,生病了,没有单独控制他的症状

,不允许朋友或

家人探望他

,很可能 非常

害怕是因为像我的朋友乔希这样的人

以及其他许多被剥夺

基本医疗保健的人

,我们必须改革我们

的成瘾治疗政策

我们必须做我们知道的工作

我个人厌倦了

埋葬人 我很

高兴知道我们有办法防止这种情况发生,但只是不愿意这样做,

应该没有人在听,这

让我想知道为什么

我们有一架大型喷气式飞机,

每天都有人死于阿片类药物过量,

谢谢