In the opioid crisis heres what it takes to save a life Jan Rader

For the past 24 years,
I have been a firefighter

in Huntington, West Virginia.

As firefighters, my team and I
are tasked with saving lives

and property

from such disasters
as car wrecks, house fires

and also life-threatening
medical emergencies.

I am a woman leading a department
in a male-dominated profession.

And 10 years ago,

I decided to increase my medical knowledge
and I received a nursing degree.

That was because it became clear

that the next big threat
facing not only my city,

but other cities around the country,

was not the one-and-done disaster,

where you can ride in
like the cavalry, as a firefighter,

put out the fire and leave,
feeling like you have made a difference

and everything is OK.

The next big disaster in my city
was and is the long, debilitating

and lethal disaster
known as opioid addiction.

We now call this a health epidemic,

and we have replaced the name “addiction”
with “substance use disorder.”

To give you some perspective

of how significant
this epidemic has become,

in 2017, in my county of 95,000 people,

we saw 1,831 overdoses

[and] 183 deaths from overdose.

This is the job of my firefighters,
as well as other agencies,

to respond to that.

(Coughs)

Excuse me.

So, watching this epidemic
unfold for several years,

I developed some insight.

For this disaster, we need to redefine
our job as a first responder.

We need to be more than just the cavalry.

We need to do more than just save a life.

We need to find ways to rebuild that life.

And it’s going to take
a lot of people to do that.

And that is exactly
what we are trying to do

in Huntington, West Virginia.

Now, let me give you some insight
as to what we do.

First, this is what happens
when somebody overdoses.

Imagine you are somebody who is suffering
from the brain disorder of addiction.

You are fragile.

You’re embarrassed, you’re ashamed.

And you overdose.

Maybe a friend
or a family member calls 911.

And then all of a sudden,

you are awakened by five or six
total strangers in uniform.

And they’re rubbing your sternum,

and they’re saying, “Wake up, wake up!

You overdosed, you could’ve died.”

Now, would you not be defensive and angry?

Because I know I would be.

And on top of that,

those strangers gave you
a dose of naloxone,

which has sent you into withdrawals,

or what is better known
as “dope sickness.”

Dope sickness makes you feel
absolutely horrible.

Some say it’s like the flu, times ten.

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, body aches.

So not only did we,
as strangers, wake you up,

but we also made you feel really sick.

So in turn, you, the patient,
are not going to be very kind to us.

And you’re going to refuse
further medical treatment.

OK, well, then that’s going to frustrate
the heck out of us,

and we’re going to be mad,

because you’re ungrateful
that we just saved your life.

This is not a good dynamic here.

What we are dealing with
is a brain disorder

that changes your thinking.

It convinces you
that you don’t have a problem.

So, this might have been not only
the first time you’ve overdosed,

it might have been the third,
fourth or fifth time

that we, personally, have revived you.

This is not a good situation.

Second,

first responders do not receive
much education

on what substance use disorder is.

Neither does the medical community.

We’re not trained how to deal with those
suffering from substance use disorder.

I am trained to put out
many different types of fires.

I am trained to save a life in the moment.

But I am not trained to deal
with the intricate interaction

between first responders,
the health care community,

social services

and the wider community that is necessary
to save a life long-term.

Thirdly,

and this hits home.

As a first responder,
I consider myself the cavalry.

We’re knights in shining armor.

We want to swoop in, do our job
and leave feeling satisfied

that we’ve made a difference
in somebody’s life.

But that just doesn’t happen

when we’re dealing with somebody
with substance use disorder.

We leave feeling frustrated and useless.

We deal with the same people
over and over again,

with no positive outcome.

And you know what?

At some point, I realized
that it is up to us as first responders

and as a community

to solve this problem,

to find better ways to deal
with those that are suffering.

So what I did is I started
observing more on overdoses.

I started talking
and listening to my patients.

I wanted to know
what led them to where they are.

What exactly are they experiencing?

What makes their situation worse?

What makes their situation better?

I began experimenting with my words

and paying attention to my own actions

and how it affected those of my patients.

The education that I have received

and continue to receive
on a street level in Huntington

has been both eye-opening
and life-changing for me.

So, in Huntington, West Virginia,
we have come together as a community,

and we are changing the way that we treat

those that suffer
from this horrible disease.

We have started many programs,
and it’s making a difference.

I’ll tell you about just a few of those.

Last year, we started
a Quick Response Team,

QRT for short.

The team consists of a paramedic,

a police officer,

somebody in the recovery community
and somebody in the faith community.

As a team, they go out
and visit people who have overdosed

within 72 hours of that resuscitation.

They talk.

They listen.

They build a rapport with that patient,

and they offer them treatment options.

Right now, about 30 percent
or up to 30 percent

of those that the Quick Response Team
have reached out to

have accepted some form of help.

And the wonderful thing about this

is the first responders
who are involved in this team,

they actually feel
like they can make a difference.

Positive change where there wasn’t any.

This year –

(Applause)

This year, we opened a free-standing
specialty clinic, called PROACT,

for those suffering
from substance use disorder.

It’s a one-stop shop, if you will.

A patient comes in,

they’re immediately assessed
by somebody who’s an addiction specialist.

They work with them
to provide treatment options

based on their own needs,
individual needs.

This does several things for us.

It gives first responders a place
to either take or refer our patients

who are no longer
in a life-threatening situation,

that have refused to go to the hospital.

And it also clears up

the overwhelmed emergency rooms
in hospitals that we have.

The third thing
that I want to tell you about

is very dear to me
and very important to my team.

We recently started
a first responders self-care program.

More and more …

first responders are experiencing
compassion fatigue and PTSD.

It is not uncommon for the average
firefighter in Huntington

to deal with or see
up to five young deaths per month.

These are their friends,
these are their classmates.

So this much-needed program
will not only recognize their hard work,

it’s going to give them a voice.

It’s going to provide them with training

that will help deal with the stress
that they are under.

And it will give them
more mental-health options

that they desperately need.

We now have yoga classes in fire stations.

(Laughter)

(Applause)

We’ve also provided on-duty
massages, which is fabulous.

(Laughter)

And we have some off-duty programs
that we’ve started,

like cooking classes for first responders
and their significant other

and pottery classes.

So a couple of months ago,

I walked out on the apparatus floor,
where I had some firefighters.

And half of them had had a massage,

and the other half were getting
ready to have a massage.

And I saw 10 firefighters
who were bantering

in a very positive, relaxed manner.

And I hadn’t seen that in years.

And that relaxed state is trickling down
to the community, to the citizens.

So a couple of weeks ago,
I had a neighbor overdose.

Twenty-two years old.

So of course, I hurried down
to help my firefighters and my neighbor.

And what I witnessed
was my firefighters being supportive.

Talking in a non-judgmental way.

I watched as one of my firefighters

showed the father
and another family member

how to provide rescue breaths,
should this happen again.

And left him with a bag valve mask.

Positive change.

Positive change.

Did I happen to mention

the two things that firefighters
dislike the most?

The way things are and change.

(Laughter)

You know, I recognize that there have been
drug epidemics before.

And I’ve seen what crack
can do to a community.

A lot of our critics think

that this new compassionate response
that we’re doing in Huntington

is because of race.

That because the overdoses are happening
so much to the white community.

And I understand that criticism,

because we as a country messed up.

And we treated black people poorly
during the crack epidemic.

We can’t forget that.

And we must do better.

But right now, what I know
is people are dying.

And we in Huntington deal with people
suffering from substance use disorder

of every color and every background,
on the streets, every day.

The job of a first responder:
prevent unnecessary deaths.

Period.

So …

Obviously, I’m a stubborn
firefighter and nurse.

And I refuse to believe that there isn’t
a way around every barrier.

One of the barriers that we have

dealing with the opioid
epidemic is stigma.

So …

We in Huntington, West Virginia,
are showing the rest of the country

that change can happen.

That there is hope
dealing with this epidemic.

Our current overdoses are down 40 percent.

(Applause)

Currently, our overdose deaths
are down 50 percent.

(Applause)

This epidemic is far from over.

But each and every one of us
has a part to play in this epidemic.

Just by listening
and being kind to somebody,

you have the ability
to make a difference in their lives.

Thank you and God bless.

(Applause)

在过去的 24 年里,
我一直

在西弗吉尼亚州的亨廷顿担任消防员。

作为消防员,我和我的团队
的任务是


汽车残骸、房屋火灾

以及危及生命的
医疗紧急情况等灾难中拯救生命和财产。

我是一名女性
,在男性主导的职业中领导一个部门。

10 年前,

我决定增加我的医学知识,
并获得了护理学位。

那是因为很明显


不仅我的城市,

而且全国其他城市面临的下一个重大威胁

,不是一次性的灾难,

在那里你可以
像骑兵一样骑着马,作为一名消防员,

扑灭 解雇并离开,
感觉就像你有所作为

,一切都很好。

我所在城市的下一场大灾难
过去和现在都是一场长期、令人衰弱

和致命的灾难,
称为阿片类药物成瘾。

我们现在称其为健康流行病

,我们已将“成瘾”这个名称替换为
“物质使用障碍”。

为了让您了解

这种流行病的严重程度

,2017 年,在我县 95,000 人中,

我们看到 1,831 人服用过量

[和] 183 人因服用过量而死亡。

这是我的消防员
以及其他机构的工作,

以应对这一问题。

(咳嗽)

对不起。

所以,看着这种
流行病发展了几年,

我有了一些见识。

对于这场灾难,我们需要重新定义
我们作为第一响应者的工作。

我们需要的不仅仅是骑兵。

我们需要做的不仅仅是挽救生命。

我们需要找到重建这种生活的方法。


需要很多人才能做到。


正是我们

在西弗吉尼亚州亨廷顿试图做的事情。

现在,让我告诉你一些
关于我们做什么的见解。

首先,
当有人服用过量时会发生这种情况。

想象一下,你是一个
患有成瘾性脑病的人。

你很脆弱。

你很尴尬,你很惭愧。

而你过量。

也许是朋友
或家人拨打了

911。然后突然之间,

你被五
六个穿着制服的陌生人吵醒。

他们在揉你的胸骨

,他们说,“醒醒,醒醒!

你服药过量,你可能已经死了。”

现在,你不会防御和愤怒吗?

因为我知道我会的。

最重要的是,

那些陌生人给了你
一剂纳洛酮,

这让你戒断了,

或者更广为人知的
是“毒品病”。

毒品病让你感觉
非常可怕。

有人说这就像流感,乘以十。

恶心、呕吐、腹泻、全身酸痛。

因此,
作为陌生人的我们不仅唤醒了你,

而且还让你感到非常恶心。

所以反过来,你,病人
,不会对我们很好。

你会拒绝接受
进一步的治疗。

好吧,好吧,那会让

我们很沮丧,我们会生气,

因为你忘恩负义
,我们刚刚救了你的命。

这不是一个好的动态。

我们正在处理的

一种改变你思维的大脑疾病。

它让你
相信你没有问题。

因此,这可能
不仅是您第一次服用过量,

而且可能是我们个人第三次、
第四次或第五次

使您恢复活力。

这不是一个好情况。

其次,

急救人员没有接受
太多

关于什么是物质使用障碍的教育。

医学界也不行。

我们没有接受过如何处理那些
患有物质使用障碍的人的培训。

我受过训练,可以扑灭
许多不同类型的火灾。

我受过训练,可以在当下挽救生命。

但我没有接受过处理

急救人员
、医疗保健社区、

社会服务

和更广泛的社区之间复杂互动的培训,而这是
长期挽救生命所必需的。

第三

,这很重要。

作为第一响应者,
我认为自己是骑兵。

我们是穿着闪亮盔甲的骑士。

我们想一头扎进去,做好我们的工作
,然后

对我们改变
了别人的生活感到满意。

但是,

当我们与
患有物质使用障碍的人打交道时,这种情况就不会发生。

我们离开时感到沮丧和无用。

我们一遍又一遍地与相同的人打交道

没有积极的结果。

你知道吗?

在某个时候,我
意识到作为第一响应者

和社区

的我们有责任解决这个问题

,找到更好的方法来
处理那些受苦的人。

所以我所做的是我开始
更多地观察药物过量。

我开始
和我的病人交谈和倾听。

我想知道
是什么让他们走到了现在。

他们究竟在经历什么?

是什么让他们的处境变得更糟?

是什么让他们的处境变得更好?

我开始尝试我的语言

,关注我自己的行为

以及它如何影响我的病人。

我在亨廷顿街头接受并继续接受的教育让我大

开眼界
,改变了我的生活。

因此,在西弗吉尼亚州的亨廷顿,
我们作为一个社区走到了一起

,我们正在改变我们对待

患有这种可怕疾病的人的方式。

我们已经启动了许多计划,
并且正在发挥作用。

我会告诉你其中的几个。

去年,我们成立
了一个快速响应团队,

简称 QRT。

该团队由一名护理人员、

一名警官、

康复社区的人员
和信仰社区的人员组成。

作为一个团队,他们会

在复苏后的 72 小时内探访过量服药的人。

他们聊。

他们听。

他们与该患者建立了融洽的关系,

并为他们提供治疗选择。

目前,在快速响应团队联系的人中,约有 30%
或高达 30%

人接受了某种形式的帮助。

最棒的是参与

这个团队的第一响应
者,

他们真的
觉得自己可以有所作为。

没有任何积极变化。

今年——

(掌声)

今年,我们

为那些
患有物质使用障碍的人开设了一家名为PROACT的独立专科诊所。

如果您愿意,这是一个一站式商店。

一个病人进来,

他们立即
由成瘾专家进行评估。

他们与他们
合作,

根据自己的需要和
个人需求提供治疗方案。

这为我们做了几件事。

它为急救人员提供了一个地方
,可以接走或转诊

那些
不再有生命危险

、拒绝去医院的病人。

它还清理

了我们医院中不堪重负的急诊
室。

我想告诉你的第三件事对我

来说非常重要,对我的团队也非常重要。

我们最近启动
了一个急救人员自我保健计划。

越来越多的……

急救人员正在经历
同情疲劳和创伤后应激障碍。

亨廷顿的普通
消防员每月

处理或看到
多达五名年轻人死亡的情况并不少见。

这些是他们的朋友,
这些是他们的同学。

所以这个急需的项目
不仅会认可他们的辛勤工作

,还会让他们有发言权。

它将为他们提供培训

,帮助他们应对所承受的
压力。

它将为他们提供
更多

他们迫切需要的心理健康选择。

我们现在在消防站开设瑜伽课。

(笑声)

(掌声)

我们还提供了值班
按摩,非常棒。

(笑声

) 我们已经开始了一些下班后的项目

比如为急救人员和他们重要的其他人开设的烹饪班

和陶艺班。

所以几个月前,

我走出了仪器层,
那里有一些消防员。

其中一半做过按摩

,另一半正
准备按摩。

我看到 10 名消防员

以非常积极、轻松的方式开玩笑。

我已经好几年没见过了。

这种放松的状态正在逐渐渗透
到社区和公民身上。

所以几周前,
我有一个邻居过量服用。

二十二岁。

所以当然,我赶紧
下来帮助我的消防员和我的邻居。

我亲眼目睹的
是我的消防员的支持。

以非评判的方式说话。

我看着我的一名消防员

向父亲
和另一位家庭成员

展示如何提供人工呼吸,
以防这种情况再次发生。

并给他留下了一个袋阀面罩。

积极的变化。

积极的变化。

我是不是碰巧

提到了消防员
最不喜欢的两件事?

事情的方式和变化。

(笑声)

你知道,我承认以前有过
毒品流行。

我已经看到了破解
可以对社区做些什么。

我们的许多批评者

认为,我们在亨廷顿所做的这种新的富有同情心的反应

是因为种族。

那是因为过量服药
在白人社区中发生了很多。

我理解这种批评,

因为我们作为一个国家搞砸了。

我们
在裂纹流行期间对待黑人很差。

我们不能忘记这一点。

我们必须做得更好。

但现在,我
知道人们正在死去。

在亨廷顿,我们

每天都在街头与各种颜色和背景的物质使用障碍患者打交道

急救人员的工作:
防止不必要的死亡。

时期。

所以……

显然,我是一个固执的
消防员和护士。

我拒绝相信
没有办法绕过每一个障碍。

我们

应对阿片类药物
流行的障碍之一是污名。

所以……

我们在西弗吉尼亚州的亨廷顿,
正在向全国其他地区

展示变化可能发生。 应对

这种流行病是有希望的

我们目前的过量服用量减少了 40%。

(掌声)

目前,我们的过量死亡
人数下降了 50%。

(鼓掌)

这次疫情还远没有结束。

但我们每个人
都可以在这场流行病中发挥作用。

只要倾听
并善待某人,

你就有
能力改变他们的生活。

谢谢你,上帝保佑。

(掌声)