The People Within Economies

the following

is a collection of reflections gleaned

over several months in my role as deputy

state treasurer for the state of

illinois a state

that has the fifth highest economic

output in our union

and reinforced by my upbringing in

poverty on the south side of chicago

and in working low-wage jobs

in my formative years as a young worker

the impact has been severe and

widespread

public health crisis short-term food

shortages

rising unemployment loan defaults

the very fabric of our society is at

peril

it has exposed issues of race and

ethnicity

of age and class inequality within our

humanity

our economy and the people within it are

not immune to these challenges

just as a pandemic has exposed the

inequities within our civic society

it is also revealing deep risk within

our local economies restaurants

are fighting for their survival schools

and other places of learning are

inaccessible

and many theaters are at risk of

permanently closing their doors

our state and local governments face

significant revenue shortfalls

as a result of reduced consumer

consumption increased unemployment

and diminished economic activity the

conclusion

our state’s revenue will fall somewhere

between 2 billion this fiscal year and

more than 8 billion

in the next several years depending on

the severity of the recession

this will inevitably impact critical

services such as our parks

our roads and our schools an engine

of the us economy small businesses are

driving on fumes

not only do they generate half of u.s

economic output

but they generate two-thirds of net new

jobs

small business is literally everybody’s

business

they are interwoven into the fabric of

our local communities

for example there is larry he’s one of

the many small businesses

that i’ve interacted with over the last

several weeks he has been

cooking up cuisine for the past 30 years

and devoting his sweat and tears

during past downturns in the past month

though

he’s had to close his doors lay off two

dozen staff

negotiate a ferment and figure out if

the government small business ratskey

plan is going to help him

the gut-wrenching decisions weigh on him

how to provide for his family how to

protect his employees

and how his business can endure in the

long term and nearly every other small

business in the us

is in the same set of shoes whether it’s

the restaurant’s truckers

the suppliers or the growers

multiplied by the thousands this helps

illustrate

how the pandemic has triggered the worst

recession in nearly a century

as the initial blows on both individuals

and small businesses

ripple out into the masses the speed and

scope of this downturn

is significantly worse than any

recession

since world war ii a recent fed survey

estimated that of families making less

than 40 000 a year i repeat

of less than 40 000 a year ladies and

gentlemen

a whopping 40 percent have said they

have someone

that has recently lost their jobs since

february

this means our citizens who are most in

need

bearing the brunt of this economic

shutdown

it has put the cost of not having a

social safety net

front and center case in point

debbie she was introduced to me by one

of my employees

she is 59 years old proud mother of four

and works at a meatpacking plant taking

that early morning drive

time and time again for the past 15

years today though

she feels ill she has a headache

fever difficulty breathing body aches

sinuses

her eyes hurt however

she’s unable to take any time off her

husband was recently laid off

these are the decisions that are being

contemplated daily

the lives lost under covet 19 and the

lives lost under an economic shutdown

these low-wage workers the backbone of

our society

they’re not working from home no they’ve

been laid off from affected industries

or they’re performing critical tasks

which means are highly more susceptible

to getting sick

yet we as a society cannot survive long

without them

in the city of chicago alone there’s

approximately 1.3 million workers

that tend to work in sectors that pay

hourly wages think

retail restaurants manufacturing

warehouses arts and entertainment just

to name a few

all together these sectors comprise

about 60

of chicago’s workforce yet these sectors

are the ones that are most at risk

do not have any paid time off and

they are more susceptible to loss of

income whether temporary or permanent

the chicago region has the fifth

highest economic and racial segregation

in the country this is probably a

statistic we’ve all heard before

but it is of critical importance now why

although many people will suffer as a

result of this pandemic

people of color are particularly

vulnerable

our response must be swift yet equitable

otherwise issues of segregation and

inequality will only be exacerbated

just as kova 19 has ravaged

african-american

and latino neighborhoods due to chronic

health disparities

job and wage losses are hitting

african american and latino families the

worst

then there is linda she’s one of my

constituents

she’s a latina store associate at a

neighborhood store

linda does not have health insurance and

now her work hours have been reduced too

she doesn’t have the luxury of having

her groceries delivered to her

no as a matter of fact she’s the one

stacking the shelves so

not only is linda more stressed than

ever financially

but now she’s at heightened risk of

contracting the virus or even worse

dying from it

not to mention the lack of

transportation and lack of child care

that she’s also confronted with

you know 61 percent of latinos and 44

of african americans recently stated in

a survey that was conducted in april

that they themselves or someone in their

household

have suffered job or wage losses as a

result of the coronavirus

outbreak compared to 38 percent of their

white counterparts

ladies and gentlemen the response to the

pandemic is being crippled

by the same issues that have impacted

many of our lives

growing income inequality the rise of

misinformation

lack of trust in institutions

the rural urban divide and hyper

partisanship

this is neither a democratic nor a

republican issue

this is neither a rural nor a urban

issue this is neither a us

nor a them issue this is an issue of

humanity

we cannot let this threat drive us apart

what we do moving forward will dictate

the forthcoming future

just like the period following the great

recession

the current economic recovery is serving

the well-to-do and the wealthy although

we’ve enacted more than three trillion

dollars

in government stimulus and more than

three trillion dollars

in monetary stimulus six trillion

altogether

the resulting recovery is benefiting

those with capital

the glaring disconnect between

the real economy of workers with jobs

and bills to pay

and the investor economy of investors

with

stocks and bonds is one of those most

stark issues of this time

we must be the change that we seek

we must use this crisis to think bigger

we must recapitalize underserved

enterprises

with flexible low-cost sources of

capital

we must foster local economies with the

structures to support them

and we must employ strategies that

promote sustainable economic activity

that is why in my role here at the

treasury

for the fifth largest state with a

academic

output similar to that of the

netherlands i propose the five

following economic systems innovations

in order

to help build the foundations necessary

to expand the recovery to broad swaths

of society

number one access to capital small

businesses

in underserved areas are a powerful

economic engine

generating wealth and creating jobs in

areas where resources are scarce

entrepreneurship is a potent tool to

help

close the long-standing wealth gap just

as covent 19

threatens to permanently shutter many

small businesses

we need to consider and adopt policies

that promote

flexible low-cost sources of capital

from nimble institutions

such as community banks credit unions

community development corporations

community development financial

institutions micro lenders

and community land trust to name a few

as such

businesses such as larry’s restaurant

will have access to capital

and not just those big businesses with

the resources and the relationships

number two publicly supported financial

institutions

just like we have food deserts we have

banking deserts we have entire

neighborhoods

that don’t have access to affordable

basic banking services

much less access to capital these

neighborhoods have been deemed

not profitable or not profitable enough

which is the reason why

state and city supported financial

institutions are a key

to bridge this gap and boosting

banking services and available capital

to people like larry

that are not being well served by

traditional financial institutions

number three employee-owned enterprises

these are businesses

that are owned and governed by their

employees they tend to share to common

characteristics

member owners invest and own these

businesses

and they share in the enterprise’s

profits

and since many of the workers are

residents of the community

they tend to employ sustainable business

practices that do not harm people like

debbie

and the profits they stay and

recirculate within the local economy

number four complementary currencies

they are a tool for community economic

empowerment

and development towards self-reliance

they help

maximize the flow of goods services and

capital within a predefined region

thereby strengthening a local economy

commonplace in the early 1900s they are

once again being recognized as a tool

for local economic development when a

individual makes a conscious commitment

to buy local they are taking an interest

in their community

and in people like linda thereby helping

create the foundations for a truly

vibrant local economy and lastly

stakeholder capitalism if there is a

positive consequence resulting from this

pandemic

it is the acceleration of the shift to

stakeholder capitalism and away from the

singular emphasis on shareholder profits

the importance of customers and

suppliers of employees and the

communities in which they operate

have brought forth stakeholder

capitalism into sharper focus

when companies do things like increased

health care benefits

hike pay for farmland workers lower

executive compensation

in order to avert layoffs and take

additional precautions to protect

their workers like linda this will

inevitably result in a more

engaged and productive workforce and a

more loyal

customer base following the recovery

on a concluding note we need to drive

towards a more

fair free just and equitable society

the work is more important than ever now

we need to work together in partnership

to rebuild our communities

and address the historical and

structural inequities

that have persisted in our society in

light

of the new and evolving challenges that

lay ahead

and if we don’t it may be the imminent

last straw

that finally breaks this great american

experiment of ours

thank you

以下

是我在担任

伊利诺伊州副

财务主管几个月来收集

的一些感想

作为一名年轻工人,在我成长的岁月里从事低薪工作

影响严重且

普遍

公共卫生危机 短期粮食

短缺

失业率上升 贷款

违约 我们社会的结构正

处于危险之中 它暴露

了 我们人类内部的年龄和阶级不平等

我们的经济和其中的人们也

不能幸免于这些挑战,

就像大流行暴露了

我们公民社会中的不平等一样,

它也揭示

了我们当地经济中的深层风险 餐馆

正在为生存而战 学校

和 其他学习场所

无法进入

,许多剧院面临

永久关闭大门

的风险

由于消费者

消费减少、失业率上升

和经济活动减少,州和地方政府面临严重的收入短缺。

结论

本财政年度本州的收入将下降

到 20 亿

到未来几年超过 80 亿,具体取决于经济活动

的严重程度 经济衰退

这将不可避免地影响关键

服务,例如我们的公园

我们的道路和我们的学校是

美国经济的引擎小企业

在烟雾中行驶,

它们不仅产生了我们一半的

经济产出,

而且还创造了三分之二的净新

就业机会

业务实际上是每个人的

业务,

它们与

我们当地社区

的结构交织在一起,例如,拉里

是我过去几周接触过的众多小企业之一,

在过去 30 年里一直在烹饪美食,

并且

在过去的低迷时期,他付出了汗水和泪水,

尽管

他 不得不关门解雇 2

打员工

谈判一场闹剧并

弄清楚政府的小企业鼠疫

计划是否会帮助他

这些令人痛苦的

决定让他感到压力 如何养家糊口 如何

保护他的员工

以及他的 企业可以长期持续下去,美国

几乎所有其他小

企业

都处于同样的境地,无论

是餐厅的卡车司机

、供应商还是

种植者,数以千计,这有助于

说明大流行如何引发近来最严重的

衰退 一个世纪以来

,对个人和小企业的最初打击

波及大众

,这次衰退

的速度和范围比二战以来的任何衰退都要严重得多,

美联储最近的一项调查

估计,在年收入

低于 4 万的家庭中 i

每年重复不到 40 000 名女士和

先生

们 高达 40% 的人说他们

有一个人

最近失去了工作 自

2 月以来,

这意味着我们最

需要帮助的公民

首当其冲受到经济停摆的影响,

这使得没有社会安全网的成本成为

前沿和中心案例,

黛比是我的一名员工介绍给我的,

她是 59 岁 4 岁的骄傲母亲

,在肉类加工厂工作,

在过去 15 年里一次又一次地早上开车,

尽管

她感觉不舒服,但她有头痛

发烧呼吸困难身体疼痛

鼻窦

她眼睛受伤但

她无法采取任何措施 休假她

丈夫最近被解雇了

这些是每天都在考虑的决定

在垂涎 19 下失去的生命和

在经济停摆下失去的生命

这些低薪工人是我们社会的支柱

他们不在家工作不他们 “

已经从受影响的行业下岗,

或者他们正在执行关键任务

,这意味着更

容易生病,

但我们作为一个社会无法生存 长期

没有他们

,仅在芝加哥市就有

大约 130 万

工人倾向于在支付

小时工资的行业工作 想想

零售餐馆 制造

仓库 艺术和娱乐只是

仅举几例

这些行业

占芝加哥劳动力的大约 60 人,但这些行业

是那些最危险的

人 没有任何带薪休假,

他们更容易受到

暂时或永久性收入损失

的影响 芝加哥地区的

经济和种族隔离

在全国排名第五 这可能是

我们的统计数据 以前都听说过,

但现在至关重要的是为什么

尽管许多人将

因这场大流行而受苦

,但有色人种特别

脆弱,

我们的反应必须迅速而公平,

否则种族隔离和不平等问题

只会像科瓦 19 那样加剧

由于长期的健康差异,非洲裔美国人和拉丁裔社区遭受蹂躏

j ob 和工资损失对

非裔美国人和拉丁裔家庭的打击

最严重

然后是 linda 她是我的

选民之一

她是附近商店的拉丁裔商店助理

linda 没有健康保险

现在她的工作时间也减少了

她没有 可以让

她的杂货送到

她手上

提到她也面临的缺乏

交通工具和缺乏托儿服务

你知道

最近

在 4 月进行的一项调查中,有 61% 的拉丁美洲人和 44 名非洲裔美国人

表示,他们自己或

家里

的某个人遭受了工作或工资损失

由于冠状病毒的

爆发,与 38% 的

白人同行相比,

女士们先生们,对大流行病的反应

c

受到影响我们许多人生活的相同问题的影响

日益严重的收入不平等 错误信息的增加

对机构缺乏信任

农村城市鸿沟和高度

党派

主义 这既不是民主问题也不是共和问题

这既不是农村问题也不是 城市

问题 这既不是我们

也不是他们的问题 这是人类的问题

我们不能让这种威胁将我们分开

我们前进的方向将

决定即将到来的未来

就像大

衰退之后

的时期 当前的经济复苏正在

为 尽管

我们已经制定了超过 3 万亿

美元

的政府刺激计划和超过

3 万亿美元

的货币刺激计划 总共 6 万亿美元,

但由此产生的复苏正在使

那些拥有资本

的人受益

工人的实体经济之间的明显脱节 有工作

和账单要支付

,而持有股票和债券的投资者的投资者经济

是其中之一

解决这个时代最严峻的问题

我们必须成为我们寻求的变革

我们必须利用这场危机来思考更大的问题

我们必须通过灵活的低成本资本来源对服务不足的企业进行资本重组

我们必须培养具有

支持它们的结构的地方经济

,我们必须 采用

促进可持续经济活动的战略,

这就是为什么我

在第五大州的财政部担任职务,其

学术

产出与荷兰相似,

我提出以下五项

经济系统创新

以帮助建立必要的基础

以扩大 广泛

社会的复苏 获得资本的第一途径

服务欠缺地区的小企业是强大的

经济引擎

,在资源稀缺的地区创造财富和创造就业机会

创业是

帮助

缩小长期贫富差距

的有力工具 19

威胁要永久关闭

我们需要考虑的许多小企业 并采取

政策促进

灵活的低成本资金来源,

如社区银行、信用合作社、

社区发展公司、

社区发展金融

机构、小额贷款机构

和社区土地信托

等,因为拉里餐厅等企业

将获得资金

不仅仅是那些拥有资源和关系的大企业,是第二大

公共支持的金融

机构

,就像我们有食物沙漠我们有

银行沙漠我们有整个

社区无法获得负担得起的

基本银行服务,

更不用说这些社区获得资本

被认为

没有盈利或盈利不足

,这就是为什么

州和城市支持的金融

机构是

弥合这一差距的关键,并

为像拉里

这样的传统金融机构无法提供良好服务的人增加银行服务和

可用资金 ree 员工所有的企业

这些是由员工拥有和管理的

企业,它们往往具有共同的

特征

成员所有者投资并拥有这些

企业

,他们分享企业的

利润

,由于许多工人

是社区的居民,

他们倾向于 采用可持续的商业

实践,不会伤害像黛比这样的人

以及他们

在当地经济中留下和再循环的利润

第四种互补货币

它们是社区经济

赋权

和发展自力更生的工具

它们有助于

最大限度地提高商品服务的流动性和

预定区域内的资本,

从而加强当地经济

在 1900 年代初期司空见惯,

个人有意识地

承诺购买当地人时,他们再次被认为是当地经济发展的工具,他们

对他们的社区

和类似的人产生了兴趣 琳达从而帮助

创建了这个基金会 真正

充满活力的地方经济,最后是

利益相关者资本主义 如果

这种流行病产生了积极的后果,

那就是加速向

利益相关者资本主义的转变,摆脱

对股东利润

的单一强调,客户和

员工供应商的重要性以及

当公司采取诸如增加医疗保健福利之类的措施时,他们经营所在的社区将利益相关者资本主义更加

关注 提高农田工人的工资 降低

高管薪酬

以避免裁员并采取

额外的预防措施来保护

像琳达这样的工人 这将

不可避免地导致 在经济复苏之后,更

敬业、更高效的员工队伍和

更忠诚的

客户群

结束语 我们需要推动

建立一个更

公平、自由、公正和公平的

社会 现在

我们需要共同努力,

重建我们的合作伙伴关系 社区

和地址

鉴于摆在我们面前的新的和不断变化的挑战,我们社会中一直存在的历史和结构性不平等

,如果我们不这样做,它可能是迫在眉睫的

最后一根稻草

,最终打破了我们这个伟大的美国

实验

谢谢