How We Can Beat the Plastic Pandemic

put a finger down

if you’ve ever been out and about felt a

little thirsty

so you grab a plastic water bottle at

the store to quench your thirst

then you toss it in a recycling bin like

a responsible adult

when you recycle a plastic bottle you

get a warm fuzzy feeling

the mental narrative goes a little

something like this

i know plastic is bad it’s clogging the

oceans and hurting cute sea creatures

but

at least i recycled i’m a good person

and i care about the earth

this idea has been drilled into all of

our heads

from the time we are young our parents

and teachers tell us that

if we care about the earth we should

recycle and

if we all just recycle our trash will be

magically transformed into new items in

an

infinite triangle of reincarnation

it’s a good story unfortunately it’s a

lie

but here’s a twist it’s not actually

your fault

the story goes back to the 1950s at a

plastics industry conference

the keynote speaker got up on the mic

and exclaimed to the attendance

your future is in the garbage these

plastics companies realize that if they

can get people to throw away

they will have to buy more stuff so

more and more things were made into

single-use containers

and as a result more and more bottles

were ending up on the side of the road

as litter

vermont being the ever progressive state

that it is

saw this trash build up on the roadways

and passed a single use bottle ban

this really freaked out the bottle

companies they knew they needed to do

something quick

before the legislation spread across the

united states

so they created the keep america

beautiful campaign

the advertisements featured an iconic

native american with a tear in his eye

and the line people start pollution

people can stop pollution in a flash of

brilliant marketing the beverage

companies shifted the responsibility for

the waste that

they create from themselves onto us

the consumers it gets even crazier

the recycling system is not just broken

its mere

existence actually spurs us to create

more waste

than if we were just throwing our trash

away

ah the mythical land of a way

that’s right recycling actually

increases waste

in 2017 boston university professors

published an interesting study

they designed a clever experiment where

they instructed people to wrap gifts

half of the participants were in a room

that had a trash can

and the other half had both a trash can

and a recycling bin

it’s counter intuitive but participants

in the room with the recycling bin

used way more paper than those with only

a trash can

just the passive suggestion of recycling

caused an increase in waste 33 percent

more

this effect is called the moral

licensing effect it’s the subconscious

phenomenon

where choices that boost our self-image

allow space for actions that we would

otherwise consider

unethical good acts offset the bad

behavior

like the great karmic scale evening

things out

running for an hour then pounding a

cheeseburger moral licensing

taking a 40-minute shower because you

have a low drip faucet

more licensing traveling more because

you buy carbon offsets

moral licensing it’s how we justify

undesirable behaviors after we do

something we consider

good the idea here is that if you intend

to recycle a plastic bottle

you don’t feel bad about grabbing one or

five

out of the gas station cooler in the

first place but our wastefulness is

not our natural state it’s a learned

behavior

all of earth’s creatures including

humans are involved to be

as efficient as possible ever see an

eagle’s nest with a four-car garage

no eagles can’t drive but they’re still

efficient and humans used to be too

but the systems we have built are not

and if we mean to survive

we need to fix those systems we all know

plastic is a problem

there are trash islands in the middle of

the ocean plastic is clogging rivers

polluting waters and contaminating our

food and plastic production is only

increasing

remember plastic has only existed for

about a hundred years

but half of all the plastic that ever

existed was produced in just the last 15

years we’ve created a disposable culture

based on convenience a global system of

wastefulness

in the blink of an eye but two years ago

it started to feel like we were making

progress

in 2018 we all saw the viral video of

the sea turtle with the straw lodged up

his nose

that turtle sparked a movement which was

followed by

sweeping legislative bans and voluntary

corporate participation

being seen with a plastic straw became

taboo celebrities wouldn’t

dare post a picture with a plastic straw

it was the perfect time to launch the

world’s first collapsible straw company

and i’d spent the previous four years

studying for a masters in sustainability

at harvard

while working in the pollution

prevention department at los alamos

national laboratory

things were headed in the right

direction if only incrementally

then 2020 happened single-use waste

skyrocketed and we seemingly forgot

about the plastics issue

there was a huge surge in food delivery

waste as restaurants shifted to take out

only models

and people stayed indoors to social

distance

coffee shops stopped taking reusables

stores wouldn’t allow

reusable bags single-use masks became as

common as kleenex

all of a sudden the plastic narrative

that was dominating the headlines

fell into the shadows of covid and a

reality tv show about

tigers we’ve lost a decade of progress

in the last nine months

our plastic waste is only as good as the

systems we’ve devised to handle it

so what are those systems well we used

to send all of our recycling to china

because the u.s doesn’t have widespread

domestic plastic recycling

infrastructure

but in 2018 china said no thanks

and politely declined our waste because

it was highly contaminated with

non-recyclable material

in the u.s we tend to wish cycle

throw things in the recycling bin that

we wish were recyclable

moral licensing in full effect here

coffee cups

not recyclable ziploc bags

not recyclable plastic straws

not recyclable with china not accepting

our trash and no plastic recycling

industry available here

the majority of plastic you put in a

recycling bin

ends up in a landfill of the nine

percent of plastic that does get

recycled

yeah ninety-one percent does not less

than

one percent is recycled more than once

this

is called down cycling because the

resulting material is much lower quality

and has

little commercial value plastic is not

like aluminum which can be infinitely

recycled over and over

because of the additives and colorants

plastic can only be converted into less

valuable products it’s like blending a

matcha latte and a shot on mezcal and

then trying to separate them again

doesn’t work as a whole plastic is not

the problem

it’s how we use it plastic is an amazing

material that has allowed

for unimaginable scientific medical

technological advancements

and it lasts forever which is a blessing

and a curse

plastic never biodegrades instead

when exposed to light plastic breaks

down into lots of tiny little pieces

that enter our food stream

ninety percent of sea salt tested in a

recent study contained microplastics

so next time you’re eating sushi know

that with

every bite you’re also getting a little

sprinkling of microplastics

yum so what’s the plastics industry

doing about these issues

they when created the alliance to end

plastic waste

sounds charitable right not quite

though the alliance to end plastic waste

has committed 1.5 billion to cleanup

efforts

they’re also spending 204

billion on creating new petrochemical

facilities

if your bathtub was overflowing would

you drain it with a teaspoon

or turn off the tab for the most part we

all know we need to do

on an individual level but i’m going to

take the next bit and give a few quick

reminders

the first is rethink be mindful of your

consumption

your relationship with things and your

relationship with the earth

it’s all connected the next is refuse

only use what you need say no to

single-use straws

cups bottles cutlery bags really all of

it

when you call and order takeout ask

specifically for no bag and cutlery

this leads right into reduce use less

do a waste audit at your home and take a

peek into your trash can

and that drawer where you keep all the

plastic bags look at what you’re

throwing out

one super easy switch is to replace

ziploc bags and plastic wrap with

reusable alternatives

this goes right into number four which

is reuse and repurpose

buy high quality items that are designed

to last

in the long run i promise it will save

you money

when you can buy used i stopped buying

new clothes a year and a half ago and

instead

shop at consignment and thrift stores

this entire outfit

is used and it’s super cute

the next is repair university of youtube

can show you how

get down with your inner fixer and

please if your mom and dad didn’t teach

you

learn how to sew it’s really easy the

next is responsible

carry your reusables with you take

responsibility when you leave your bags

in the car

and just go get them train yourself to

always have what you need you definitely

have a reusable water bottle

probably quite a few but do you carry a

reusable spork with you

let’s be more responsible consumers give

better gifts

please no more of these useless

tchotchkes are low quality junk that

breaks in a couple days

let’s give sustainable presence that

have a purpose and support companies

that have a deeper mission and give back

these are big jobs to tackle but it’s

possible

by modeling these behaviors on an

individual level we can start to

influence the larger systems at play

here are three ideas for systemic change

that would dramatically move the needle

the first is changing government

subsidies the oil industry is subsidized

to the tune

of 5.3 trillion dollars a year

which makes plastic appear to be

artificially cheap around the globe

and chokes off research and development

for reusables and bio-based alternatives

the next is legislation 32

of plastic waste ends up as litter

that’s kind of like dumping one dump

truck of plastic in the ocean

every minute we need to hold companies

responsible for the waste that they

create

they should pay for the damage they

cause this is called

extended producer responsibility epr is

a policy approach that puts the

responsibility

both financial and physical on the

producer to deal with the waste that

they create

so not only do they have to collect sort

recycle or dispose of the waste

they also have to pay for it right now

this financial burden lies on you and me

the taxpayers

to deal with the waste these

corporations are generating taxpayers

cover more than

90 percent of the cost of recycling and

we are essentially paying twice

once for the bottle and then again for

its disposal and cleanup

meanwhile the beverage companies don’t

have to pay a dime for the cleanup

shifting this model to make producers

financially responsible for the waste

that they create

provides a larger incentive to work

towards reducing waste at the source

the third and final point is

environmental equality

a healthy environment should be a basic

human right

2020 opened my eyes to the idea of

intersectional environmentalism

intersectional environmentalism is where

social justice and sustainability

meet it’s an inclusive type of

environmentalism

that advocates for both the protection

of the people

and the planet and it amplifies the

discussion around how race and culture

impact who

experiences environmental injustice

low-income communities are statistically

more likely to be impacted by toxic

waste

landfills food deserts and have limited

access to green space

saving our earth is an opportunity to

unite the division between people

it’s the one thing we should all agree

on

regardless of your political spiritual

or social beliefs

earth is the only planet we have like

there are others

but unless you’re elon musk and have a

spaceship you’re not going to end up

there

so we should probably start treating it

that way and not burn down our own house

the choices we make as individuals

change the people around us

and the surrounding systems we need to

stop

taking half measures moral licensing is

allowing us

as a society and even as a planet to

believe

that the teaspoon can keep up with the

tap i know

times are a little scary right now and

it may seem like these small individual

changes are pointless given the scale of

the existing devastation

but your voice is more important now

than ever

many of you are already taking some

steps to change your habits

but we need to take the final step

together and

vote on these issues we have to change

our individual actions as well as policy

so please vote well saying no

to a plastic straw save the world no

but it creates a ripple effect and the

social impact that collectively adds up

to values and social norms

remember when it felt weird to wear a

mask in the supermarket back in march

now it feels weird to shop without one

social normalization

leads to systemic change waste is just a

design flaw

the good deed of recycling is an

illusion and our systems for managing

waste are in need of

major reboot but we can do this

our voices matter companies are

literally listening to you

and what you want if you stop using

trashy products

they’ll stop making them so speak up

spread the ripple educate your community

and for fork’s sake

use less plastic

如果您曾经外出并且感到

有点口渴

,请放下手指,因此您可以在商店中拿起一个塑料水瓶

来解渴,

然后在您回收塑料瓶时像负责任的成年人一样将其扔进回收箱

得到一种温暖的模糊

感觉 心理叙述

有点像这样

我知道塑料是不好的,它会堵塞

海洋并伤害可爱的海洋生物,

至少我回收了我是一个好人

,我关心地球

这个想法已经被钻

从我们年轻的时候就在我们所有人的脑海中,我们的父母

和老师告诉我们,

如果我们关心地球,我们应该

回收,

如果我们都只是回收,我们的垃圾将

在无限的轮回三角形中神奇地转化为新物品。

好故事不幸的是这是一个

他妈的谎言,

但这里有一个转折,这实际上不是

你的

错故事可以追溯到 1950 年代的一次

塑料行业会议

上主讲人拿起麦克风

并惊呼 出席会议,

你的未来就在垃圾中,这些

塑料公司意识到,如果他们

能让人们扔掉,

他们将不得不购买更多的东西,因此

越来越多的东西被制成

一次性容器

,结果越来越多的瓶子

最终在路边,

因为垃圾

佛蒙特州是一个不断进步的州

看到这些垃圾在道路上堆积

并通过了一次性瓶子禁令,

这真的吓坏了瓶子

公司,他们知道他们需要尽快做点什么

在这项立法在美国传播之前,

他们创建了“保持美国

美丽”

运动 广告以一位标志性的

美洲原住民为特色,眼中含泪,

以及人们开始污染的线条

人们可以通过精彩的营销来停止污染 饮料

公司改变了 对

他们自己造成的浪费

负有责任 消费者 变得更加

疯狂 回收系统不是 只是打破

它的

存在实际上会刺激我们制造

更多的废物,而

不是我们只是把垃圾扔掉

,正确的回收方式的神话土地实际上

增加了

废物 2017 年波士顿大学教授

发表了一项有趣的研究,

他们设计了一个聪明的实验,

他们 指示人们包装礼物

一半的参与者在一个

有垃圾桶的房间里,

另一半有一个垃圾桶

和一个回收箱,

这与直觉相反,但

有回收箱的房间里的参与者比有回收箱的房间里的参与者

使用的纸多得多 只有

一个垃圾桶

只是被动的回收建议

导致浪费增加 33%

以上

这种效应称为道德

许可效应 这是一种潜意识

现象

,在这种现象中,提升我们自我形象的选择

为我们认为不道德的善行提供了空间

抵消不良

行为,

例如巨大的业力规模晚上

事情

跑了一个小时 n 敲打

芝士汉堡的道德

许可 洗个 40 分钟的淋浴,因为你

有一个低滴水龙头

更多的许可 旅行更多,因为

你购买了碳抵消

道德许可 这是

我们在做

了我们认为

好的事情之后为不良行为辩护的方式这里的想法是,如果你

打算回收一个塑料瓶

,首先从加油站冷却器中取出一五个塑料瓶你不会感到难过,

但我们的浪费

不是我们的自然状态,它是一种习得的

行为

,包括人类在内的所有地球生物

都参与其中

尽可能高效 见过一个

有四车位车库的鹰巢

没有老鹰不会开车,但它们仍然很

高效,人类过去也是如此,

但我们建立的系统不是

,如果我们想要生存,

我们需要修复 那些我们都知道的系统

塑料是个问题

海洋中间有垃圾岛 塑料堵塞河流

污染水源 污染我们的

食物和塑料生产 只是在

增加

记住塑料只存在了

大约一百年,

但曾经存在的所有塑料中有一半

是在过去 15 年里生产

的 眼睛,但两年前,

我们开始觉得我们在 2018 年

取得了进展

,我们都看到了

海龟用稻草堵住

鼻子的病毒视频,

那只海龟引发了一场运动,

随后是

全面的立法禁令和自愿的

企业参与。

看到用塑料吸管成为

禁忌 名人

不敢张贴塑料吸管的照片

这是启动

世界上第一家可折叠吸管公司的最佳时机,

而前四年我

在哈佛大学攻读可持续发展硕士学位,

而 在洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室的污染预防部门工作,

如果只是渐进式的,事情就会朝着正确的方向发展

到了 2020 年,一次性垃圾

猛增,我们似乎

忘记了塑料问题

因为餐馆转而只取出

模特

,人们呆在室内以保持社交

距离,

咖啡店不再接受可重复使用的食品,因此送餐垃圾

激增 允许

可重复使用的袋子 一次性口罩突然变得像

面巾纸一样普遍

占据头条新闻的塑料叙事

陷入了covid和关于老虎的真人秀电视节目的阴影中,

我们在过去九个月中失去了十年的进步

我们的塑料垃圾只和

我们设计的处理它的系统一样好,

那么我们

用来将所有回收品送到中国的那些系统是什么,

因为美国没有广泛的

国内塑料回收

基础设施,

但在 2018 年中国说 不,谢谢

,礼貌地拒绝了我们的废物,因为

它在美国被

不可回收材料高度污染

,我们倾向于希望循环

将东西扔进 r

我们希望的回收箱是可回收的,

道德许可在这里完全有效

咖啡杯

不可回收的拉链袋

不可回收的塑料吸管

不可回收 中国不接受

我们的垃圾,这里没有塑料回收

行业

您放入回收箱的大部分塑料

最终都 在垃圾填埋场中,有 9

% 的塑料确实被

回收了

就像铝一样,由于添加剂和着色剂,可以无限

循环利用,

塑料只能转化为价值较低的

产品,就像将

抹茶拿铁和麦斯卡尔酒混合,

然后再次尝试将它们分开

并不能作为一个整体 塑料

不是问题,

而是我们如何使用它 塑料是一种令人难以置信的

材料

le 科学医疗

技术进步

,它永远持续下去,这是一种祝福

和诅咒

塑料永远不会生物降解,而是

当暴露在光下塑料会

分解成许多微小的碎片

,进入我们的食物流

在最近的一项研究中测试的 90% 的海盐

含有微塑料

所以下次你吃寿司的时候要

知道,

每咬一口,你都会

沾上一点微塑料

为了终结塑料垃圾,他们

已经投入了 15 亿美元来清理

工作,

他们还花费 2040

亿美元来建造新的石化

设施

如果你的浴缸溢出来,

你会用茶匙把它倒掉

还是关掉大部分我们

都知道我们需要的标签

在个人层面上做,但我将

采取下一点并给出一些快速

提醒,首先我 重新考虑你的

消费

你与事物的关系你

与地球的关系

这一切都是相互联系的下一个是拒绝

只使用你需要的东西对

一次性吸管

杯瓶餐具袋说

不当你打电话叫外卖时真的所有这些

专门要求不要袋子和餐具,

这会导致减少使用少

在家中进行废物审核,然后

偷看垃圾桶

和存放所有塑料袋的抽屉看看你

扔掉的东西

一个超级容易 开关是用可重复使用的替代品替换

拉链袋和保鲜膜

这直接进入第四个,

即重复使用和重新利用

购买旨在长期使用的高品质物品

我保证

当你可以购买时它会为你省钱我停止了

一年半前买的新衣服,然后

在寄售和旧货店购物,

这整套衣服

都用过,超级

可爱下一个是youtube的修理大学

can 向您展示

如何使用内部固定器,

如果您的父母没有教

学习如何缝制,那真的很容易,

下一个是负责

随身携带可重复使用

的物品,当您将行李

留在车内时

,请承担责任 让他们训练自己

始终拥有你需要的东西 你肯定

有一个可重复使用的水瓶

可能很多但是你随身携带一个

可重复使用的spork

让我们成为更负责任的消费者 送

更好的礼物

请不要再这些无用的小

玩意儿是低质量的垃圾

几天后休息,

让我们提供

有目的的可持续存在,并支持

有更深使命的公司,并回馈

这些是需要解决的大工作,但是

通过在个人层面上对这些行为进行建模,

我们可以开始

影响更大的系统

这里有三个关于系统性变革的想法,

这将极大地推动

针头第一个是改变政府

补贴石油行业是次要的 每年

获得

5.3 万亿美元的补贴,

这使得塑料

在全球范围内看起来人为地便宜,

并扼杀了

可重复使用和生物基替代品的研发,

接下来是立法

32 塑料废物最终变成垃圾

,有点像 每分钟

向海洋倾倒一辆塑料倾卸卡车

我们需要让公司

对他们造成的废物负责

他们应该为他们造成的损害支付费用

这被称为

生产者延伸责任 epr 是

一种政策方法,将

责任放在财务和物理上

生产商处理他们产生的废物,

所以他们不仅要收集分类

回收或处理废物,

他们现在还必须为此支付费用,

这个经济负担落在你和我纳税人身上

来处理废物 这些

公司正在产生纳税人

承担超过

90% 的回收成本,而

我们基本上是支付

两次 或瓶子,然后再次

进行处理和清理,

同时饮料公司

不必为清理支付一分钱,

改变这种模式,让生产商

对他们产生的废物负有经济责任,这

为努力减少浪费提供了更大的动力

来源 第三点也是最后一点是

环境

平等 健康的环境应该是一项基本

人权

2020 年让我看到了

交叉环保主义的理念

交叉环保主义是

社会正义和可持续发展的

交汇点 它是一种包容性的

环保

主义,既提倡保护

对人类

和地球的影响,它扩大了

关于种族和文化如何

影响

经历环境不公正的人的讨论

低收入社区在统计上

更有可能受到有毒

废物

填埋场食物沙漠的影响,并且

获得绿色空间的机会有限,

拯救我们的地球是一个

团结该部门的机会 人与人之间

不管你的政治精神

或社会

信仰如何,这是我们都应该同意的一件事

所以我们可能应该开始这样对待它

,而不是烧毁我们自己的房子

当个人

改变我们周围的

人和周围的系统时我们所做的选择我们需要

停止

采取一半的措施道德许可

允许我们

作为一个社会,甚至作为一个 地球

相信茶匙可以跟上

水龙头我

知道现在有点可怕,

考虑到现有破坏的规模,这些微小的个人变化似乎毫无意义,

但你的声音现在

比以往任何时候都更重要

你已经采取了一些

措施来改变你的习惯,

但我们需要共同迈出最后一步

对这些问题进行投票,我们必须改变

我们的个人行为以及政策 cy

所以请投好票

,对塑料吸管说不,拯救世界,不,

但它会产生连锁反应,

社会影响共同

构成价值观和社会规范,

记得现在三月份在超市戴口罩感觉很奇怪

没有社会正常化就购物感觉很奇怪

导致系统性变化 浪费只是一个

设计缺陷

回收的善行是一种

错觉,我们的废物管理系统需要

重新启动,但我们可以做到这一点

我们的声音很重要 公司

确实是

如果你停止使用

垃圾产品,

他们将停止制造垃圾产品,倾听你的意见和你想要的东西,所以说出来

传播涟漪教育你的社区

,为了叉子,

少用塑料