Hollywoods Fatphobia Problem

[Music]

once upon a time

i used to love amusement parks

the funnel cake the gravitron the smell

of grease and the sound of delighted

screams whooshing past me at 70 miles an

hour

as a young actress there was no better

job that i could imagine

than being cast as a princess at disney

world

can you imagine being covered in tulle

and rhinestones while screaming your

face off on space mountain during your

lunch break

that was my ultimate fantasy so

when i learned that my college was doing

sponsored internships to disney world

i leapt at the opportunity to finally

audition

for cinderella but

as it probably won’t surprise you i

never even made it past the admission

paperwork

after all to be a princess

you had to look like a princess

i was too fat to ride this ride

my name is jen ponton and honestly

i’m always a little nervous to tell

people that i’m an actress

i am acutely aware of how the world

perceives

my body and for a long time

how i perceived it i had eating

disorders my entire young life

i was on diets and punitive exercise

regimens

but no matter what i did my body

stubbornly insisted

on staying plus size the teen thrill

of shopping for a prom dress ended in

tears on the macy’s dressing room floor

boys would make bets over who would

dance with me at middle school socials

and as a die-hard muppet enthusiast i

was always torn between love

and revulsion over my nickname

miss piggy so as a theater major and

soon to be unemployed actress

in an unwanted body i wanted something

seemingly impossible

to be a leading lady to see

stories that we’ve never seen to see fat

women striving for something other than

weight loss

to see fat women succeeding to see fat

women

romanced and deliciously sexually owning

their bodies

i want to see fat women in politics in

medicine

in outer space because such profound

visibility is important when we see our

bodies so

insidiously ignored on screen we see fat

bodies

unprotected by legislation we see fat

bodies

medically abused we see a world

reflected back at us that says

you don’t even deserve basic care

who are you to wish for love

fat women are sometimes lovingly called

rubenesque

as a nod to the baroque artists who

painted fuller feminine bodies as divine

sensual and worthy of being gazed upon

well into the 1700s fat bodies were held

in high esteem

so what happened much as it has ruined

literally every other good thing in the

world

blame the transatlantic slave trade dr

sabrina strings examines this critical

connection

in her book fearing the black body the

racial origins

of fat phobia as protestant colonizers

poured

into africa so did their infamous

protestant ethic

hard work self-denial the mortification

of the flesh

all ideas to kill off bodily sins

by abstaining from pleasure by contrast

these colonizers noticed that african

culture was full of the divinity of

pleasure

food sex and earthly delights

for a while skin color alone was enough

for the colonizers to distinguish

between who was enslaved

and who was free but as interracial

babies were born

there was a need to redefine those

racial categories

and the colonizers looked to the

africans perceived

love of sensuality and lack of

self-control

if black women were having more sex

eating more food

they must inherently weigh more and

carry more venereal disease

thereby ensuring that they did not

deserve to be free

such grotesque objectification and

dehumanization of black female bodies

led to the horrific story of the hot and

taut venus

sarki bartman was a woman enslaved as a

sideshow

somehow both prized and reviled for her

lush

thick figure race science used her body

as

proof that blackness and by proxy

fatness was innately savage and

unevolved

fast forward to now slenderness became a

way for white

christians to separate themselves as

much as possible

from the instincts of black people

the racial religious roots of fatphobia

predated

any medical concern by over a hundred

years

flash forward and those same colonizers

founded

a deeply racially inequitable country

where fatness

has been pathologized dehumanized and

punished

at every turn especially in the media

turn on your televisions and you will

find unscripted shows like

the biggest loser or my 600 pound life

televised masochistic freak shows that

demean

and monstrify fat bodies fat suits take

the monstrosity even further

allowing thin bodies to play fatness for

a laugh

fat monica on friends the massage and

noir of norbit

austin powers is fat bastard and the

gut-punchiest of all

shallow hal a movie where a misogynistic

fat guy gets his karmic comeuppance by

falling in love

with renowned fat actress

gwyneth paltrow

but seriously when actual fat white

women are on screen

their plots center almost exclusively

around their weight

while the thin characters get to live

full nuanced lives

when fat black women are on tv they’re

cast in supporting roles

only to serve as caretaker to the thin

white heroine

fat white women are relegated to desexed

pathetic cat ladies who are perpetually

dieting

fat black women to dr strings’s point

are either painted as decadently sexual

inappropriate and impulsive

or desexed and dehumanized boxed into

magical negro

and mammy tropes more troubling still

are the abysmal statistics according to

refinery 29’s oft

cited 67 project 67 percent of american

women are plus size

however we only account for one to two

percent of the imagery

reflected in media of 30 television

shows that starred women

only three of them were shown to be plus

size

of 33 female leads in film

only two of them were plus size

female characters in film are three

times as likely to be thin

as their male counterparts

so how damaging is this erasure really

well an arizona state university study

found fat stigma in the media to be so

damaging to mental health that even a

supportive

affirming social structure could not

protect fat viewers from its effects

some participants even stated that they

would rather die prematurely or go

totally blind

than to be fat when we are not reflected

we are implicitly not valued

because of that colonial umbilicus to

white protestant christianity

fatness represents a profound moral

failure

one that implies laziness over

indulgence and repulsiveness

but the punishment for such a

transgression is not simply being denied

beauty or sexuality

it affects income career opportunities

and medical access

in ways that have needlessly imperiled

and even killed otherwise healthy fat

people

ellen maud bennett was a fat gal in

entertainment

just like me she owned a vintage

clothing shop

and she worked as a costume designer in

theater film and television

for several years ellen just didn’t feel

right

something was wrong and she returned to

her doctors over and over again only to

be turned away

and told to simply lose the weight

for people of color this callousness may

sound familiar

fair and ethical medical access is a

systemic problem that affects black and

brown communities in devastating ways

most of all black women by the time

someone was curious enough

to investigate properly in 2018 they

found ellen

riddled with cancer she died within days

of her diagnosis

her tragically preventable death is only

one example of the problematic obesity

goggles that doctors wear

from the beginning of their training

practitioners are so

focused on weight that they fail in

their only real task

to provide ethical evidence-based care

instead selling and pushing dangerous

weight loss drugs and procedures

but how dangerous could it really be

right it’s a doctor

well the fda issues its approvals based

on a risk

benefit analysis or the higher the

perceived risk

the more dangerous the treatment is

allowed to be

and because our fatphobic culture wildly

overestimates the risks

of being fat companies are allowed to

manufacture

extremely dangerous treatments

the fda to date has approved of

amphetamines

swallowing balloons and the mutilation

or otherwise removal

of healthy organs weight loss surgery

not

uncommonly ends in death

or in lifelong misery my friend health

coach

fitness instructor and marathoner reagan

chastain was prescribed weight loss

surgery

to cure her type 2 diabetes her high

blood pressure and her mobility problems

when she politely informed her doctor

that she had

none of those conditions he was like

lol maybe it’ll just make things easier

dating wise

but the harm doesn’t stop there not only

are doctors all

too willing to prescribe dangerous fat

interventions

they are less willing to prescribe

viable treatments if they have a

possible side effect of weight gain

instead they push poorly researched

weight loss schemes

95 percent of which fail over a

five-year period

the only proven effect time and time

again is that weight cycling

ravages mental health destroys heart

health and increases cortisol

the stress hormone that is actually

linked to diabetes hypertension and

heart disease

but even outside of the doctor’s office

fat phobia is

rampant in everyday life in 2008

waitresses at atlantic city’s borgata

were fired

for losing weight and they were left

with no legal recourse because

weight discrimination is not protected

anywhere in america

except for michigan not only are fat

employees not protected from being

unfairly fired

they also face fewer employment

opportunities and promotions

forbes reports that only 13 of female

ceos

are fat when we take a look at the

fortune 500

there is not a single female fat ceo to

be found

in the rest of the workplace a yale

study found that fat women earned

6.2 percent less than their thin

counterparts

for men that discrepancy is only 2.3

percent

and while a harvard study found that

implicit bias in the workplace

has decreased over time towards people

of color and lgbtq employees

it has unfortunately worsened over time

for their fat counterparts

these are the conditions that

entertainment contributes to

when we don’t allow fat bodies to be

reflected

in positive ways

enter a dark horse

instagram a social media phenomenon with

a twist

instagram offers an exclusively visual

diet and unlike facebook

it is essentially meant for following

people that you don’t know

people from all backgrounds people

with all bodies studies show

that changing our visual diets changes

what we find

aspirational so fun fact

did you know that instagram is actually

full of super aspirational

thriving fat happy sexy fat people

hashtag bobo fat and happy hashtag f

your beauty standards

they have all led to increased awareness

of the body positivity and fat

acceptance movements it’s led to the

year of

lizzo it’s led to savage fenty fashion

shows

it’s led to shrill and diet land on tv

it’s led to nicole byer

becoming america’s favorite television

host

it has even led to shows like orange is

the new black

which is full of fat patriarchy defying

black and brown bodies of all genders

this kind of media exposure benefits

everyone

in the years since laverne cox burst on

the scene we’ve seen a heightened

awareness of the struggles of trans

individuals

especially the unique dangers that face

black trans women

and in addressing the american people

president-elect

joe biden became the first ever to

acknowledge trans citizens in his

victory speech

likewise we can’t ignore the effects of

shows like glee

on lgbtq youth glee set the stage for

the it gets better movement

it created a culture that allowed queer

youth to bravely own their own truth

far sooner than the generations that

came before them

these are not flukes

they’re proof when we see

marginalized people positively reflected

on screen

our capacity for empathy and compassion

deepens our humanity expands to include

their lived experience

with determined representation in

entertainment

legislation and social norms change to

make room at the table for people who

have never before had a seat

so i ask you what might it feel like

to see yourself on screen when you’ve

never before been told you were worthy

of being seen

what would it feel like for the hero to

look like you

to feel like you to have walked a day in

your shoes

because when i see fat women valued in

entertainment

i feel like there is nothing that i

can’t do there is no dream too big there

is no door that i can’t open

when we commit to telling everyone’s

stories

we can create the hollywood that we want

and the hollywood that i want well

it makes abundant room for every fat

black brown queer trans-disabled

princess

or prince x making them feel like they

deserve to be wrapped up

in pearls and ribbons by birds and mice

about to take off in an enchanted

pumpkin for their cinderella moment

thank you

[音乐]

曾几何时,

我喜欢游

乐园 漏斗蛋糕 重力仪 油脂的气味和欢快的

尖叫声 以每小时 70 英里的速度从我身边呼啸而过

作为一名年轻女演员,没有比这更好的

工作

了 在迪斯尼世界被塑造成公主,

你能想象在午休时间在太空山上

尖叫你的脸时被薄纱和水钻覆盖,

这是我的终极幻想,所以

当我得知我的大学正在

为迪斯尼世界做赞助实习时,

我跳了起来 有机会最终

为灰姑娘试镜,但

因为它可能不会让你感到惊讶,

我什至没有通过入学

文件

毕竟要成为公主,

你必须看起来像公主

我太胖了,不能骑这个骑

我的名字是 jen ponton 老实说,

我总是有点紧张地告诉

人们我是一名演员

我的整个年轻

生活都在节食和惩罚性运动

疗法,

但无论我做什么,我的身体都

顽固地坚持要

保持大码

购买舞会礼服的青少年快感

在梅西的更衣室地板上流下了眼泪,

男孩们会下注 关于谁会

在中学社交活动上和我一起跳舞,

作为一个顽固的布偶爱好者,

我总是在爱和厌恶之间左右为难,

因为我的绰号是

小猪小姐,所以作为一名戏剧专业的学生和

即将失业的女演员,

在一个不受欢迎的身体里,我想要一些

看似

不可能成为女主角

看到我们从未见过的故事 看到胖

女人为

减肥

而奋斗 看到胖女人成功地看到胖

女人

浪漫并在性方面拥有

自己的身体

在外层空间的医学中,因为

当我们看到我们的

身体

在屏幕上被如此隐蔽地忽略时,我们看到的脂肪

不受保护,如此深刻的可见性很重要 立法 我们看到肥胖的

身体

受到医学虐待 我们看到一个世界

反映在我们身上,说

你甚至不应该得到基本的照顾

你希望谁爱

胖女人有时被亲切地

称为 rubenesque 以向那些描绘更女性化的巴洛克艺术家致敬

身体作为神圣的

感官和值得被凝视,

直到 1700 年代肥胖的身体

受到高度尊重,

所以发生的事情几乎

毁掉了世界上所有其他美好的事物,

归咎于跨大西洋奴隶贸易

sabrina strings 博士

在 她的书害怕黑人身体

肥胖恐惧症的种族起源随着新教殖民者

涌入非洲,他们臭名昭著的

新教伦理

辛勤工作自我否认肉体的屈辱

所有想法

通过放弃快乐来杀死身体罪孽相比之下

这些殖民者注意到 非洲

文化一度充满了快乐的

神性和世俗的

乐趣 仅此一点就足以

让殖民者

区分谁是奴隶

,谁是自由的,但随着异族

婴儿的出生,

有必要重新定义这些

种族类别

,殖民者将

非洲人视为

对肉欲的热爱和黑人缺乏

自控力

女性有更多的性生活

吃更多的食物

她们天生就必须更重并

携带更多的性病,

从而确保她们不

应该获得自由

这种

对黑人女性身体的怪诞物化和非人性化

导致了火辣和

绷紧的维纳斯

sarki bartman 的可怕故事 是一个被奴役作为杂耍的女人,

不知何故,因为她

丰腴的

厚实身材

而受到

珍视和辱骂

尽可能

来自黑人的本能

脂肪的种族宗教根源 恐惧症比

任何医学问题早了一百

多年,这些殖民者

建立

了一个种族严重不公平的国家

,肥胖

已被病态化,非人化并

处处受到惩罚

,尤其是在媒体

打开你的电视时,你会

发现无剧本的节目

就像最大的 失败者或我 600 磅的生活

电视受虐狂显示

贬低

和丑化肥胖的身体 肥胖套装

更进一步

让瘦弱的身体发挥肥胖

的作用

胖莫妮卡对朋友的笑 诺比特奥斯汀权力的按摩和

黑色

是胖混蛋和

肠道 - 最

浅薄的一部电影,其中一个厌

女的胖子爱上了著名的胖女演员

格温妮丝·帕特洛(gwyneth paltrow),

但严肃地说,当真正的胖白人

女性出现在屏幕上时,

他们的情节几乎完全

围绕着她们的体重,

而瘦弱的角色却得到了

当肥胖的黑人女性在电视上时,过着充实而微妙的生活 嘿,他们只是

扮演配角,

只是为了照顾瘦瘦的

白人女英雄,

肥胖的白人女性被贬为无性的

可怜的猫女士,她们永远在

节食

肥胖的黑人女性,以达到字符串博士的目的

根据

炼油厂 29 经常

引用的 67 个项目,67% 的美国

女性是大码

但我们只占

30 部电视节目媒体所反映的图像的 1% 到 2%

那些主演的女性

只有三个被证明是

电影中 33 位女主角的加大码

只有两个是加大码

电影中的女性角色比男性角色

瘦的可能性是男性角色的三倍,

所以这种擦除的破坏性真的

很好 亚利桑那州立大学的一项研究

发现,媒体对肥胖的污名

对心理健康的危害如此之大,以至于即使是

支持 我

肯定社会结构并不能

保护肥胖的观众免受其影响,

一些参与者甚至表示,当我们没有被反映时,他们

宁愿过早死去或

完全失明也

不愿

变胖 代表了一种深刻的道德

失败,它意味着对

放纵和厌恶的懒惰,

但对这种

违法行为的惩罚不仅仅是被剥夺

美丽或性欲,

它会影响收入、职业机会

和医疗机会

,从而不必要地危及

甚至杀死原本健康的胖子

艾伦 莫德贝内特和我一样是娱乐界的胖女孩,

她拥有一家老式

服装店,

并在

戏剧电影和电视

中担任服装设计师多年,艾伦只是觉得

不对劲,她回到了

她的医生那里, 一遍又一遍,只是

被拒绝

并被告知简单

为有色人种减肥 这种冷酷无情可能

听起来很熟悉

公平和合乎道德的医疗服务是一个

系统性问题,

以毁灭性的方式

影响着黑人和棕色社区

患有癌症的她在诊断后几天内就去世

她可悲的可预防死亡

只是医生

从培训开始就戴的有问题的肥胖护目镜的一个例子,

从业者如此

关注体重,以至于他们未能

完成

提供道德证据的唯一真正任务 -基于护理

而不是销售和推销危险的

减肥药物和程序,

但它真的有多危险

它是一名

医生,FDA根据风险收益分析发布其批准

或者

感知

风险越高,允许治疗越危险

因为我们的恐惧症文化极大地

高估了存在的

风险 g 脂肪公司被允许

生产

极其危险的治疗方法

FDA 迄今已批准

安非他明

吞咽气球和切割

或以其他方式

切除健康器官 减肥手术

通常会导致死亡

或终生痛苦 我的朋友健康

教练

健身教练和马拉松运动员里根

查斯坦

接受

了减肥手术以治愈她的 2 型糖尿病、

高血压和行动不便,

当时她礼貌地告诉她的

医生她

没有他喜欢的那些疾病,

哈哈,也许这只会让约会变得更容易

明智,

但有害 不止于此

五年

期间,唯一一次又一次证明的效果

是我们 夜间骑行会

破坏心理健康 破坏心脏

健康并增加

皮质醇 压力荷尔蒙实际上

与糖尿病高血压和

心脏病有关,

但即使在医生办公室之外,

肥胖恐惧症

在 2008 年的日常生活中也很猖獗

大西洋城 Borgata 的女服务员

因减肥而被解雇 他们

没有法律追索权,因为

除了密歇根州以外,体重歧视在美国任何地方都

没有受到保护

我们来看看

财富 500 强

,在工作场所的其他

地方找不到一位女性胖

CEO 哈佛大学的一项研究发现,

工作场所的内隐偏见

随着时间的推移而减少 我

对有色人种和

lgbtq 员工 不幸的是,随着时间的推移

,他们的肥胖同行

变得更糟了

当我们不允许肥胖的身体以积极的方式

反映出来时,娱乐会促成这种情况

进入黑马

instagram 社交媒体现象

一个扭曲的

Instagram提供了一种专门的视觉

饮食,与Facebook不同,

它本质上是为了关注

你不认识的

人来自不同背景的人

有各种身体的人研究

表明改变我们的视觉饮食会改变

我们认为有

抱负的东西如此有趣的

事实你知道吗 那个instagram实际上

充满了超级有抱负的

繁荣脂肪快乐性感胖人

标签bobo胖和快乐标签f

你的美丽标准

它们都导致人们

对身体积极性和脂肪

接受运动的认识提高它导致了

lizzo年它导致了野蛮人 fenty 时装

在电视上引起了尖锐和节食的土地

它导致了 nicole byer 成为

美国最受欢迎的电视

主持人,

它甚至导致了像橙色

是新的黑色

这样的节目,它充满了肥胖的父权制,无视

所有性别的黑色和棕色身体,

这种媒体曝光

在 laverne cox 爆红以来的几年里让每个人都受益,

我们” vers

对跨越人民的斗争提高了解,

特别是面对黑色跨妇女的独特危险,

并在寻址美国人民

总统

乔·

拜登成为首次承认

胜利讲话的

争论,同样我们不能忽视

诸如 glee 之类的节目

对 lgbtq 青年的影响 glee

为它变得更好的运动奠定了基础

它创造了一种文化,让酷儿

青年比他们之前的几代人更早地勇敢地拥有自己的真相

这些不是侥幸,

他们证明了 我们看到被

边缘化的人

在屏幕上

得到积极反映我们的同理心和同情心

加深了我们的人性扩展到

包括 继承人的生活经验

,在

娱乐

立法和社会规范

中具有

坚定的代表性 你

值得被

看到 英雄

长得

像你 感觉你穿鞋走了一天

因为当我看到在娱乐中受到重视的胖女人时,

我觉得没有什么是

我做不到的 没有梦想太大

没有我不能打开的门

当我们承诺告诉每个人的

故事

我们可以创造我们

想要的好莱坞和我想要的好莱坞

它为每个肥胖的

黑棕色酷儿变性人提供了充足的空间 -残疾

公主

或王子 x 让他们觉得他们

应该

被鸟和老鼠用珍珠和缎带包裹起来,

准备在一个迷人的南瓜中起飞,

为他们的灰姑娘时刻

谢谢