How we can bring mental health support to refugees Essam Daod

For the last two and a half years,

I’m one of the few, if not the only,
child psychiatrist

operating in refugee camps,
shorelines and rescue boats

in Greece and the Mediterranean Sea.

And I can say, with great confidence,

that we are witnessing
a mental-health catastrophe

that will affect most of us,
and it will change our world.

I live in Haifa, but nowadays,
I spend most of my time abroad.

During my time
on the Greek island of Lesbos

and on the rescue boats
in the Mediterranean,

thousands of refugee boats
arrived to the shoreline,

crowded with more
than 1.5 million refugees.

One-fourth of them are children,

fleeing war and hardship.

Each boat carries
different sufferings and traumas

from Syria, Iraq, Afganistan
and different countries in Africa.

In the last three years alone,

more than 12,000 refugees
lost their lives.

And hundreds of thousands
lost their souls and their mental health

due to this cruel
and traumatic experience.

I want to tell you about Omar,

a five-year-old Syrian refugee boy

who arrived to the shore on Lesbos
on a crowded rubber boat.

Crying, frightened, unable to understand
what’s happening to him,

he was right on the verge
of developing a new trauma.

I knew right away
that this was a golden hour,

a short period of time
in which I could change his story,

I could change the story

that he would tell himself
for the rest of his life.

I could reframe his memories.

I quickly held out my hands
and said to his shaking mother in Arabic,

(Arabic) “Ateeni elwalad o khudi nafas.”

“Give me the boy,
and take a breath.”

His mother gave him to me.

Omar looked at me with scared,
tearful eyes and said,

(Arabic) “Ammo (uncle in Arabic),
shu hada?”

“What is this?”

as he pointed out to the police
helicopter hovering above us.

“It’s a helicopter!

It’s here to photograph you
with big cameras,

because only the great
and the powerful heroes,

like you, Omar, can cross the sea.”

Omar looked at me,
stopped crying and asked me,

(Arabic) “Ana batal?”

“I’m a hero?”

I talked to Omar for 15 minutes.

And I gave his parents
some guidance to follow.

This short psychological intervention

decreases the prevalence
of post-traumatic stress disorder

and other mental health
issues in the future,

preparing Omar to get an education,

join the workforce,
raise a family and beyond.

How?

By stimulating the good memories
that will be stored in the amygdala,

the emotional storage of the human brain.

These memories
will fight the traumatic ones,

if they are reactivated in the future.

To Omar, the smell of the sea
will not just remind him

of his traumatic journey from Syria.

Because to Omar, this story
is now a story of bravery.

This is the power of the golden hour,

which can reframe the trauma
and establish a new narrative.

But Omar is only one
out of more than 350,000 children

without the proper mental health support
in this crisis alone.

Three hundred and fifty
thousand children and me.

We need mental health professionals

to join rescue teams
during times of active crisis.

This is why my wife and I and friends
co-founded “Humanity Crew.”

One of the few aid
organizations in the world

that specializes in providing
psychosocial aid

and first-response
mental health interventions

to refugees and displaced populations.

To provide them
with a suitable intervention,

we create the four-step approach,
a psychosocial work plan

that follows the refugees
on each step of their journey.

Starting inside the sea,
on the rescue boats,

as mental health lifeguards.

Later in the camps, hospitals
and through our online clinic

that breaks down borders
and overcomes languages.

And ending in the asylum countries,
helping them integrate.

Since our first mission in 2015,

“Humanity Crew” had 194 delegations

of qualified, trained
volunteers and therapists.

We have provided 26,000 hours
of mental health support

to over 10,000 refugees.

We can all do something
to prevent this mental health catastrophe.

We need to acknowledge that first aid
is not just needed for the body,

but it has also to include
the mind, the soul.

The impact on the soul is hardly visible,

but the damage can be there for life.

Let’s not forget that what
distinguishes us humans from machines

is the beautiful
and the delicate soul within us.

Let’s try harder to save more Omars.

Thank you.

(Applause)

(Cheers)

(Applause)

在过去的两年半里,

我是少数在希腊和地中海的难民营、海岸线和救援船上工作的儿童精神科医生之一,如果不是唯一的话

我可以满怀信心地说,

我们正在目睹
一场

影响我们大多数人的心理健康灾难
,它将改变我们的世界。

我住在海法,但现在
我大部分时间都在国外度过。

在我
在希腊莱斯博斯岛

和地中海的救援船上期间

成千上万的难民船
抵达海岸线,

挤满了
超过 150 万难民。

其中四分之一是

逃离战争和苦难的儿童。

每艘船都承载着

来自叙利亚、伊拉克、阿富汗
和非洲不同国家的不同痛苦和创伤。

仅在过去三年中,

就有超过 12,000 名难民
丧生。

由于这种残酷和创伤性的经历,成千上万的人
失去了灵魂和心理健康

我想告诉你奥马尔,

一个五岁的叙利亚难民男孩

,他乘坐拥挤的橡皮艇抵达莱斯博斯岛的岸边

哭泣,害怕,无法
理解发生在他身上的事情,

他正
处于发展新创伤的边缘。

我马上就
知道这是一个黄金时刻,

在很短的
时间内我可以改变他的故事,

我可以改变

他将
在余生中告诉自己的故事。

我可以重构他的记忆。

我迅速伸出双手
,用阿拉伯语对他颤抖的母亲说,

(阿拉伯语)“Ateeni elwalad o khudi nafas”。

“把男孩给我
,呼吸一下。”

他妈妈把他给了我。

奥马尔用惊恐的泪眼看着我
说,

(阿拉伯语)“Ammo(阿拉伯语的叔叔),
舒哈达?”

“这是什么?”

正如他指着
在我们头顶盘旋的警用直升机。

“是直升飞机!

它是来
用大相机给你拍照的,

因为只有

像你奥马尔这样伟大而强大的英雄才能渡海。”

奥马尔看着我,
停止哭泣,问我,

(阿拉伯语)“Ana batal?”

“我是英雄?”

我和奥马尔谈了 15 分钟。

我给了他父母
一些指导。

这种简短的心理干预

降低了未来
创伤后应激障碍

和其他心理健康
问题的患病率,

为奥马尔接受教育、

加入劳动力、
养家糊口等做好准备。

如何?

通过刺激
将存储在杏仁核中的美好记忆,杏仁核

是人脑的情感存储。 如果将来重新激活

这些记忆
,它们将与创伤性记忆作斗争

对奥马尔来说,大海的味道
不仅会让

他想起他从叙利亚来的痛苦之旅。

因为对奥马尔来说,这个故事
现在是一个勇敢的故事。

这就是黄金时段的力量,

它可以重构创伤
,建立新的叙事。

但仅在这场危机中,奥马尔
只是 350,000 多名

没有适当心理健康支持的儿童
中的一个。

三十
五万孩子和我。

我们需要心理健康专业人员

在危机时刻加入救援队。

这就是为什么我和我的妻子以及我的朋友们
共同创立了“Humanity Crew”。

世界上为数不多的

专门为难民和流离失所者提供
心理社会援助

和第一反应
心理健康干预的援助组织之一

为了向他们
提供适当的干预,

我们制定了四步法,这

一个跟踪
难民每一步旅程的心理社会工作计划。

从海里开始,
在救援船上,

作为心理健康救生员。

后来在营地、医院
和通过我们

打破边界
和克服语言的在线诊所。

并在庇护国结束,
帮助他们融入社会。

自 2015 年我们的第一次任务以来,

“人类船员”有 194

个合格的、训练有素的
志愿者和治疗师代表团。

我们为 10,000 多名难民提供了 26,000 小时
的心理健康

支持。

我们都可以做一些事情
来防止这种心理健康灾难。

我们需要承认,
急救不仅需要身体,

还必须
包括思想和灵魂。

对灵魂的影响几乎看不到,

但伤害可能会持续一生。

我们不要忘记,
我们人类与机器的区别在于

我们内在美丽而细腻的灵魂。

让我们更加努力地拯救更多的奥马尔。

谢谢你。

(掌声)

(干杯)

(掌声)