From Molecules to Electrons Moving Past Polarization in Energy

[Music]

we live in times of unprecedented energy

demand

demand for energy is continuing to grow

at a phenomenal rate

but the threat of human-caused climate

change is forcing us to explore new ways

of producing the energy we and the

developing world need

the resulting narrative from this

tension is one that pits renewables

against fossil fuels

demanding that we choose a side i

believe that this narrative is false

unproductive and unnecessarily polarized

instead we need to think of it for what

it is it’s a transition

a transition from burning molecules as

an energy source like wood

coal oil and gas and transmitting

and producing clean electrons via

renewables

like wind and solar but like all

beneficial transitions

it will not and cannot occur overnight

only with proper support from molecules

can we transition to clean electrons

i was raised in calgary alberta canada’s

energy capital

i’ve been interested and have worked in

renew in energy my entire life

if you need proof check out the image of

me playing a computer game called oil

baron

as a child it’s also proof that i’ve

always had a tremendous sense of fashion

growing up in calgary at the doorstep of

the canadian rockies

gave me an appreciation for nature and

i’ve been interested in

environmental issues for my entire life

i earned a degree from in computer

science from the university of toronto

and i started my career

in oil and gas and technology my first

entrepreneurial venture was an oil and

gas technology company that i started at

the age of 24

that amongst other things helped oil and

gas companies manage and report their

greenhouse gas emissions

this gave me great insight into the

environmental liabilities that oil and

gas companies were starting to grapple

with

at a really early stage

i had a successful exit from my software

company at the age of 30

and i knew that the next venture i

wanted to do was something that was both

an exciting business challenge and one

that could leave a positive

lasting impact on the environment so

with no prior experience in power

generation

i started greengate power with my own

money 13 years ago

with the goal of developing large-scale

renewable energy projects right here in

the heart of oil country

my home province alberta canada it’s

been quite the challenge and adventure

so far

if i knew then how hard it was going to

be at times i may not have actually

embarked on this journey

in the first place but sometimes

ignorance is bliss

but we have been successful here are two

of the projects that we’ve developed

the one on the left with the largest

wind energy project in canada when it

was completed in 2014

the one on the right is expected to be

the largest solar energy project in

canada

when it’s completed hopefully in 2022.

these two projects represent well over a

billion dollars of investment

and car can provide clean power to more

than 200 000 homes

successfully developing renewable energy

projects in the heart of oil country

has given me a unique perspective on

this issue and one that may surprise

some of you

so let’s do a vision exercise

close your eyes picture the year 2030

and our energy system you know what are

the vehicles that we drive

how do we heat our buildings what do our

buildings look like

and let’s make this a realistic vision

not your ideal vision it’s important to

have an ideal vision

but let’s make this one realistic look

around

now open your eyes are there more

electric vehicles on the road than there

are today in your vision

are there still gasoline-powered

vehicles on the road in your vision

are there more buildings with solar

panels than there are today

are we still burning fossil fuels to

heat our homes

i’ve asked these questions to multiple

audiences in the past

and most answer yes to all four

questions now that points to a future

that’s much cleaner than it is today

but one in which fossil fuels still

matter in other words

molecules still matter

the modern world as we know it today is

thanks to abundance of energy

that’s provided to us by fossil fuels as

this image of

my hometown calgary alberta shows from

the cars we drive

to the way we heat our buildings to the

way we power our lights

most of our energy today still comes

from fossil fuels

in other words molecules

but there is a transition underway from

fossil fuels to renewables

molecules to clean electrons but it will

take time

this chart from bloomberg is focused on

electricity it shows that most of our

electricity today comes from fossil

fuels

and that even in the future a

significant amount of

our electricity will still come from

fossil fuels

now the speed of this transition has

been something that’s been hotly debated

i believe that this transition will

occur even more quickly than in the

chart

but it still seems that fossil fuels

will remain part of our energy system

for quite some time

and we can’t simply shut off the taps

too far fossil fuel resources

for the sake of addressing climate

change first off it’s not technically

feasible today renewables

can’t produce energy for us seven days a

week

24 hours a day renewables produced when

the sun’s shining

or the wind is blowing but what do you

do when those conditions don’t exist

that’s where fossil fuels still play a

role

and fundamentally it’s all about

economics if you take climate change

climate change is obviously an

environmental issue but if you really

really boil it down

it’s also an economic issue what’s the

cost of dealing with uh

climate refugees what’s the cost of

dealing with these climate catastrophes

that happen

ultimately there’s an economic cost

associated with climate change

but it’s also an economic cost to simply

shut down portions of our economy

for the sake of addressing climate

change it’s and it’s unjust to the

individuals and families

whose livelihoods uh depend on it

now being from calgary i’d like to make

a quick plug for the canadian oil and

gas sector i believe that while the

world continues to use oil and gas

it should be canadian oil and gas the

canadian oil and gas industry

is vital to our national economy

our oil and gas in canada is among the

most responsibly produced in the world

and opposition to development of

canadian oil

does not benefit the environment all it

does is erodes canada’s share of the

global oil market

and moves that oil production to

countries that are not as safe don’t

have the same environmental record don’t

have the same human rights record

and are often outright hostile to

canadian interests so i just think it

makes no sense

for canadians to be opposing development

of oil and gas in canada

while the world is still using oil and

gas i believe that the transition is

something that’s going to take time but

we need to find the right measured

approach

to get us to where we all need to be

that said there’s no doubt in my mind

that the age of renewables has arrived

and in the coming decade will see

profound changes to the way we produce

and consume our energy

ultimately our energy system is moving

from burning molecules to creating clean

electrons

from renewable sources like wind and

solar in order to produce the energy

that we need to power

our modern world as i see it there are

three legs of the stool when it comes to

the new energy

new clean energy system first off

generation of the electricity itself

from renewables

now this is the part of the part of the

stool that’s the farthest along

but it’s still limited by the

intermittency we can produce energy when

the sun is shining or the wind’s blowing

but we what do we do when those

conditions don’t exist

now that problems in the pro process of

being solved

which i’ll get into in a second there’s

also electrification of the

transportation sector so taking those

clean electrons generated from

renewables and transmitting them

directly into the batteries

of the vehicles that we drive and if you

need proof

that electric vehicles are going to be

very much in our future

tesla a company that only produces

electric vehicles is now the most

valuable automotive company in the world

recently surpassing toyota the third leg

of the stool and i think this is the key

enabler of a whole scale transition to

renewables and that’s utility scale

battery storage

the challenge that exists with

electricity today is it can’t be stored

in large quantities

what battery storage allows us to do is

store the energy from

days where we have excess sun or days

that we have excess wind

and use that same energy that stored

energy to

deliver renewable electricity seven days

a week

24 hours a day in fact it’s an entirely

new paradigm i

liken it to the analog versus digital

analogy

traditionally we’ve produced electricity

mechanically by burning molecules

burning wood or gas to heat a home

burning gasoline or diesel to move

our vehicles burning coal or gas to

produce electricity essentially an

analog system

but the combination of solar and

batteries in particular

is entirely different we’re producing

and storing energy

with no moving parts essentially a

digital system

and with that system it allows for

unprecedented

cost reductions and efficiency

improvements very similar to computers

in 1969 we sent humans to the moon with

a computer

that would have filled this entire

theater but today

we all carry in the palm of our hands a

computer that’s more powerful

than what sent humans to the moon i

believe that the same

type of cost reductions and efficiency

improvements are possible in solar and

batteries and the implications of that

are

quite profound and global capital is

rushing into

renewables this chart is focused on

current and forecasted

investment in electricity generation

globally as you can see

by the blue shaded area wind and solar

already attracting the most investment

for

new power generation but their share of

the future uh market is only going to

grow as you can see

that shaded area grows over that blue

shaded area grows over time

this is due to the fact that renewable

energy is a great investment

delivers a great long-term steady return

for

investors but investors are also

increasingly interested in

environment social and governance

metrics

essentially investing to earn a return

but also doing good

in the world in the process

another reason why capital is flowing

into renewables is because the cost of

renewable energy continues to come down

at a phenomenal rate

for example the cost of solar panels has

dropped by more than 90 percent over the

last

decade and costs continue to come down

this chart shows the countries of the

world where renewables are currently the

lowest cost source of new power

generation

these countries represent two-thirds of

the global population

and over the coming decade we expect

that renewables

will be the lowest cost source of power

generation across the globe

so to conclude the near future is

not one of electrons only or molecules

only

it’s a changing mix the future will be

much cleaner than it is today

but there will still be a role for

fossil fuels a renewable future is made

possible in large part by leveraging the

wealth that has been provided

to us by the fossil fuel industry

however make no

make no mistake the age of renewables

has arrived and the coming decade will

see profound changes

to the way we produce and consume our

energy

for those that desire a clean energy

future and protest

oil and gas development i think it’s

important to remember that our current

prosperity

health and technological advances were

made possible

as a result of the energy that comes

from fossil fuels

recognize that oil and gas will continue

to have an important role to play in our

energy system for the foreseeable future

and we must remember that there are

individuals and families that are

affected by job losses in the oil and

gas sector

and those individuals and families need

to be treated fairly

in this transition for those working in

the oil and gas

industry and denying the tremendous

advances in renewables

i think it’s important to be aware of

global trends and embrace the future

otherwise we run the risk of being left

behind recognize that renewables are now

extremely low cost

and the age of renewables has arrived

i believe it’s really important for us

to move past the polarization

ultimately i think we’re much better off

working together

let’s work together to ensure that the

future is clean and prosperous for all

thank you

[音乐]

我们生活在前所未有的能源需求时代 对能源的

需求

继续

以惊人的速度增长,

但人为气候变化的威胁

正迫使我们探索

生产我们和

发展中国家

所需能源的新方法 这种

紧张局势的叙述是可再生能源

与化石燃料的对立,

要求我们选择

一方 能源,如木

煤石油和天然气,

并通过

风能和太阳能等可再生能源传输和生产清洁电子,但就像所有

有益的转变一样,

它不会也不会在一夜之间发生,

只有在分子的适当支持下,

我们才能转变为清洁电子

我在阿尔伯塔省卡尔加里长大 加拿大的

能源之都

我一直很感兴趣,并且

我一生都在从事能源更新,

如果你愿意的话 你需要证据看看

我小时候玩一个叫做石油大亨的电脑游戏的照片,

这也证明了我

在加拿大落基山脉门口的卡尔加里长大时一直对时尚有着强烈的感觉,这

让我对大自然充满了感激之情

我一生都对

环境问题感兴趣

我在多伦多大学获得了计算机

科学学位

,我的职业生涯开始

于石油和天然气和技术 我的第一个

创业企业是一家石油和

天然气技术公司

从 24 岁开始

,除其他外,帮助石油和

天然气公司管理和报告他们的

温室气体排放,

这让我

对石油和

天然气公司

在很早的阶段就开始努力应对的环境责任有了深刻的了解,

我取得了成功 在 30 岁时离开我的软件

公司

,我知道我想做的下一个冒险

是一件

令人兴奋的商业挑战 nge 和

一个可以

对环境产生积极持久影响的项目,因此

在之前没有发电经验的情况下,

我在 13 年前用自己的钱开始了 greengate power,

目标是在石油中心开发大型

可再生能源项目

国家

我的家乡 加拿大阿尔伯塔省

到目前为止,

如果我知道这

将是

多么艰难

,那

将是相当大的挑战和冒险 这是

我们开发的两个项目,

左边是加拿大最大的

风能项目,

于 2014 年竣工,

右边的项目预计建成后将

成为加拿大最大的太阳能

项目 有望在 2022 年实现。

这两个项目的投资远远超过

10 亿美元

,汽车可以为

20 万多户

成功开发的家庭提供清洁能源

石油国家中心的可再生能源项目

让我对这个问题有了独特的看法

,可能会让

你们中的一些人感到惊讶,

所以让我们做一个视觉练习,

闭上眼睛想象 2030 年

和我们的能源系统,你知道什么

是车辆 我们驾驶

我们如何为建筑物供暖我们的建筑物是什么

样子让我们把它变成现实的愿景

而不是你的理想愿景拥有理想的愿景很重要

但让我们让这个现实的环顾

四周

现在睁开你的眼睛是否有更多的

电动汽车 道路比

你想象中的今天还要多 你想象

中的道路上仍然有汽油动力

车辆

有太阳能

电池板的建筑物比今天

还多 我们仍然燃烧化石燃料来为

我们的房屋供暖

吗 我已经问了这些问题

过去有很多观众,现在

大多数人对所有四个问题的回答都是肯定的,这

表明未来

比现在更清洁,

但化石燃料仍然

换句话说,

分子

对我们今天所知的现代世界仍然很重要,这要

归功于

化石燃料为我们提供的大量能源

对于

我们为灯供电的方式

,我们今天的大部分能源仍然

来自化石燃料

,换句话说,分子,

但是从

化石燃料到可再生能源

分子再到清洁电子的转变正在进行中,但这

需要时间

来自Bloomberg的这张图表专注于

电力它 表明我们

今天的大部分电力来自化石

燃料

,即使在未来

我们的大部分电力仍将来自

化石燃料

现在这种转变的速度

一直是激烈争论的话题

我相信这种转变

甚至会发生 比图表中的速度更快,

但似乎化石燃料仍将

在相当长的一段时间内成为我们能源系统的一部分

d 我们不能简单地关闭水龙头

太远 化石燃料资源首先

要应对气候

变化 这在技术上是

不可行的 今天可再生能源

不能每周 7 天

每天 24 小时为我们生产能源 太阳升起时产生的可再生能源

闪耀

或风在吹,但是

当这些条件不存在时,您会怎么做?

那是化石燃料仍然发挥

作用的地方

,从根本上讲,

如果您考虑气候变化,这

一切都与经济有关

这也是一个经济问题

应对

气候难民的成本是多少

应对这些

最终发生的气候灾难的成本

是多少

为了应对气候

变化,这对那些靠它维生的个人和家庭来说是不公平的

现在来自卡尔加里,我想

为加拿大的石油和天然气行业做一个快速插播

我相信,虽然

世界继续使用石油和天然气,

但应该是加拿大的石油和天然气,

加拿大的石油和天然气

行业对我们的国家至关重要 经济

我们在加拿大的石油和天然气是

世界上生产最负责任的国家之一

,反对

加拿大石油的开发

对环境没有好处,它

所做的只是侵蚀加拿大在全球石油市场的份额,

并将石油生产转移到其他

国家 因为安全

没有相同的环境记录

没有相同的人权记录

并且经常完全敌视

加拿大的利益 所以我只是认为

加拿大人反对

在加拿大开发石油和天然气是没有意义

的 仍在使用石油和

天然气 援助 毫无疑问

,可再生能源时代已经到来

,在未来十年

,我们生产和消耗能源的方式将发生深刻变化,

最终我们的能源系统正在

从燃烧分子转变为利用

风能等可再生能源制造清洁电子 和

太阳能,以

产生我们为现代世界提供动力所需的能源,

正如我所见,

新能源

新清洁能源系统的三个凳子首先

来自可再生能源本身的发电

现在这是 最远的凳子部分,

但它仍然受到间歇性的限制,

当阳光普照或刮风时,我们可以产生能量,

但是当这些条件不存在时,我们该怎么办

正在解决的专业过程

,我将在一秒钟

内进入

运输部门的电气化,因此采用更新

产生的清洁电子

bles 并将它们直接传输

到我们驾驶的车辆的电池中,如果您

需要

证明电动汽车将

在我们的未来非常重要,

特斯拉一家只生产

电动汽车的公司现在是最近

世界上最有价值的汽车公司

超越丰田成为第三条

凳子,我认为这是

可再生能源全面过渡的关键推动力,这就是公用事业规模的

电池存储

当今电力存在的挑战是它不能

大量存储

电池存储所允许的 我们要做的是

储存来自

太阳过剩或

风力过剩的日子的

能量,并使用与储存能量相同的能量来

提供可再生电力,每周 7 天

每天 24 小时,事实上,这是一个

全新的范例,我

喜欢 它类似于模拟与数字的

类比

传统上,我们通过燃烧

燃烧木材或气体的分子来加热 家庭

燃烧汽油或柴油来移动

我们的车辆燃烧煤炭或天然气来

发电本质上是一个

模拟系统,

但尤其是太阳能和电池的组合

是完全不同的我们正在生产

和储存能量

而没有移动部件本质上是一个

数字

系统 它可以实现

前所未有的

成本降低和效率

提升,这与

1969 年的计算机非常相似,我们将人类送上月球的

计算机足以填满整个

剧院,但今天

我们所有人的手掌中都携带着一

台比现在更强大的计算机

将人类送上月球 我

相信太阳能和电池可以实现同样

类型的成本降低和效率

提高

,其影响

非常深远,全球资本正在

涌入

可再生能源 这张图表侧重于

当前和预测

的发电投资

全球范围内,正如您

在蓝色阴影区域风中看到的那样 lar

已经吸引了最多

新发电投资,但它们

在未来 uh 市场中的份额只会

增长,因为你可以

看到阴影区域的增长超过蓝色

阴影区域随着时间的推移而增长,

这是因为可再生

能源是一种 伟大的投资

投资者带来了巨大的长期稳定回报,但投资者对

环境社会和治理

指标也越来越感兴趣,

主要是为了获得回报而投资,

同时

也在这个过程中为世界做好事

资本

流入可再生能源的另一个原因是

可再生能源的成本继续

以惊人的速度下降

,例如,太阳能电池板的成本

在过去十年中下降了 90% 以上,

而且成本继续下降

这张图表显示了世界上目前可再生能源占主导地位的国家

这些国家的新发电成本最低,占全球人口的三分之二,

而且超过 在接下来的十年中,我们预计

可再生能源

将成为全球发电成本最低的来源,

因此可以得出结论,不久的将来

不仅仅是电子或分子,

它是一种不断变化的组合,未来

将比现在更清洁,

但 化石燃料仍将发挥作用

可再生能源的未来

在很大程度上是通过利用化石燃料行业为我们

提供的财富而实现的,

但是

毫无疑问,可再生能源时代

已经到来,未来十年将

看到

我们生产和消耗能源的方式发生了深刻的变化,这些变化

对于那些渴望清洁能源

未来并反对

石油和天然气开发的人来说,我认为

重要的是要记住,我们目前的

繁荣

健康和技术进步是

由于能源的结果而成为可能的

来自化石燃料

认识到在可预见的未来,石油和天然气将继续

在我们的能源系统中发挥重要作用

未来

,我们必须记住,有些

个人和家庭

受到石油和天然气行业失业的影响

,这些个人和家庭需要

在这一转变中得到公平对待,因为那些

在石油和天然气

行业工作并否认巨大

进步的人 在可再生能源方面,

我认为了解

全球趋势并拥抱未来很重要,

否则我们将面临落后的风险

认识到可再生能源现在

成本极低

,可再生能源时代已经到来

两极分化

最终我认为我们一起工作会更好

让我们一起努力确保

未来对所有人来说都是清洁和繁荣的

谢谢