My son was a Columbine shooter. This is my story Sue Klebold

The last time I heard my son’s voice

was when he walked out the front door

on his way to school.

He called out one word in the darkness:

“Bye.”

It was April 20, 1999.

Later that morning,
at Columbine High School,

my son Dylan and his friend Eric

killed 12 students and a teacher

and wounded more than 20 others
before taking their own lives.

Thirteen innocent people were killed,

leaving their loved ones
in a state of grief and trauma.

Others sustained injuries,

some resulting in disfigurement
and permanent disability.

But the enormity of the tragedy

can’t be measured only by the number
of deaths and injuries that took place.

There’s no way to quantify
the psychological damage

of those who were in the school,

or who took part
in rescue or cleanup efforts.

There’s no way to assess
the magnitude of a tragedy like Columbine,

especially when it can be a blueprint

for other shooters who go on
to commit atrocities of their own.

Columbine was a tidal wave,

and when the crash ended,

it would take years
for the community and for society

to comprehend its impact.

It has taken me years
to try to accept my son’s legacy.

The cruel behavior
that defined the end of his life

showed me that he was a completely
different person from the one I knew.

Afterwards people asked,

“How could you not know?

What kind of a mother were you?”

I still ask myself those same questions.

Before the shootings,
I thought of myself as a good mom.

Helping my children become caring,

healthy, responsible adults

was the most important role of my life.

But the tragedy convinced me
that I failed as a parent,

and it’s partially this sense of failure
that brings me here today.

Aside from his father,

I was the one person
who knew and loved Dylan the most.

If anyone could have known
what was happening,

it should have been me, right?

But I didn’t know.

Today, I’m here to share the experience

of what it’s like to be the mother
of someone who kills and hurts.

For years after the tragedy,
I combed through memories,

trying to figure out
exactly where I failed as a parent.

But there are no simple answers.

I can’t give you any solutions.

All I can do

is share what I have learned.

When I talk to people
who didn’t know me before the shootings,

I have three challenges to meet.

First, when I walk into a room like this,

I never know if someone there
has experienced loss

because of what my son did.

I feel a need to acknowledge the suffering
caused by a member of my family

who isn’t here to do it for himself.

So first, with all of my heart,

I’m sorry if my son has caused you pain.

The second challenge I have

is that I must ask for understanding
and even compassion

when I talk about
my son’s death as a suicide.

Two years before he died,

he wrote on a piece of paper in a notebook

that he was cutting himself.

He said that he was in agony

and wanted to get a gun
so he could end his life.

I didn’t know about any of this
until months after his death.

When I talk about his death as a suicide,

I’m not trying to downplay the viciousness
he showed at the end of his life.

I’m trying to understand

how his suicidal thinking

led to murder.

After a lot of reading
and talking with experts,

I have come to believe

that his involvement in the shootings
was rooted not in his desire to kill

but in his desire to die.

The third challenge I have
when I talk about my son’s murder-suicide

is that I’m talking about mental health –

excuse me –

is that I’m talking about mental health,

or brain health, as I prefer to call it,
because it’s more concrete.

And in the same breath,
I’m talking about violence.

The last thing I want to do
is to contribute to the misunderstanding

that already exists around mental illness.

Only a very small percent of those
who have a mental illness

are violent toward other people,

but of those who die by suicide,

it’s estimated that about 75
to maybe more than 90 percent

have a diagnosable
mental health condition of some kind.

As you all know very well,

our mental health care system
is not equipped to help everyone,

and not everyone with destructive thoughts

fits the criteria

for a specific diagnosis.

Many who have ongoing feelings

of fear or anger or hopelessness

are never assessed or treated.

Too often, they get our attention
only if they reach a behavioral crisis.

If estimates are correct

that about one
to two percent of all suicides

involves the murder of another person,

when suicide rates rise,
as they are rising for some populations,

the murder-suicide rates
will rise as well.

I wanted to understand what was going on
in Dylan’s mind prior to his death,

so I looked for answers
from other survivors of suicide loss.

I did research and volunteered
to help with fund-raising events,

and whenever I could,

I talked with those who had
survived their own suicidal crisis

or attempt.

One of the most helpful
conversations I had

was with a coworker

who overheard me talking to someone else

in my office cubicle.

She heard me say
that Dylan could not have loved me

if he could do something
as horrible as he did.

Later, when she found me alone,

she apologized for overhearing
that conversation,

but told me that I was wrong.

She said that when she was
a young, single mother

with three small children,

she became severely depressed
and was hospitalized to keep her safe.

At the time, she was certain

that her children
would be better off if she died,

so she had made a plan to end her life.

She assured me that a mother’s love
was the strongest bond on Earth,

and that she loved her children
more than anything in the world,

but because of her illness,

she was sure that they
would be better off without her.

What she said and what
I’ve learned from others

is that we do not make
the so-called decision or choice

to die by suicide

in the same way
that we choose what car to drive

or where to go on a Saturday night.

When someone is
in an extremely suicidal state,

they are in a stage four
medical health emergency.

Their thinking is impaired and they’ve
lost access to tools of self-governance.

Even though they can
make a plan and act with logic,

their sense of truth
is distorted by a filter of pain

through which they
interpret their reality.

Some people can be very good
at hiding this state,

and they often have
good reasons for doing that.

Many of us have
suicidal thoughts at some point,

but persistent,
ongoing thoughts of suicide

and devising a means to die

are symptoms of pathology,

and like many illnesses,

the condition has to be
recognized and treated

before a life is lost.

But my son’s death
was not purely a suicide.

It involved mass murder.

I wanted to know how his
suicidal thinking became homicidal.

But research is sparse
and there are no simple answers.

Yes, he probably had ongoing depression.

He had a personality
that was perfectionistic and self-reliant,

and that made him less likely
to seek help from others.

He had experienced
triggering events at the school

that left him feeling
debased and humiliated and mad.

And he had a complicated friendship

with a boy who shared his feelings
of rage and alienation,

and who was seriously disturbed,

controlling and homicidal.

And on top of this period in his life

of extreme vulnerability and fragility,

Dylan found access to guns

even though we’d never
owned any in our home.

It was appallingly easy
for a 17-year-old boy to buy guns,

both legally and illegally,
without my permission or knowledge.

And somehow, 17 years
and many school shootings later,

it’s still appallingly easy.

What Dylan did that day broke my heart,

and as trauma so often does,

it took a toll on my body and on my mind.

Two years after the shootings,
I got breast cancer,

and two years after that,
I began to have mental health problems.

On top of the constant, perpetual grief

I was terrified that I would run
into a family member

of someone Dylan had killed,

or be accosted by the press

or by an angry citizen.

I was afraid to turn on the news,

afraid to hear myself being called
a terrible parent or a disgusting person.

I started having panic attacks.

The first bout started
four years after the shootings,

when I was getting ready
for the depositions

and would have to meet
the victims' families face to face.

The second round started
six years after the shootings,

when I was preparing
to speak publicly about murder-suicide

for the first time at a conference.

Both episodes lasted several weeks.

The attacks happened everywhere:

in the hardware store, in my office,

or even while reading a book in bed.

My mind would suddenly lock
into this spinning cycle of terror

and no matter how I hard I tried

to calm myself down
or reason my way out of it,

I couldn’t do it.

It felt as if my brain
was trying to kill me,

and then, being afraid of being afraid

consumed all of my thoughts.

That’s when I learned firsthand

what it feels like
to have a malfunctioning mind,

and that’s when I truly
became a brain health advocate.

With therapy and medication and self-care,

life eventually returned

to whatever could be thought of
as normal under the circumstances.

When I looked back
on all that had happened,

I could see that my son’s
spiral into dysfunction

probably occurred
over a period of about two years,

plenty of time to get him help,

if only someone had known
that he needed help

and known what to do.

Every time someone asks me,

“How could you not have known?”,

it feels like a punch in the gut.

It carries accusation
and taps into my feelings of guilt

that no matter how much therapy I’ve had

I will never fully eradicate.

But here’s something I’ve learned:

if love were enough

to stop someone who is suicidal

from hurting themselves,

suicides would hardly ever happen.

But love is not enough,

and suicide is prevalent.

It’s the second leading cause of death

for people age 10 to 34,

and 15 percent of American youth

report having made a suicide plan

in the last year.

I’ve learned that no matter
how much we want to believe we can,

we cannot know or control

everything our loved ones think and feel,

and the stubborn belief
that we are somehow different,

that someone we love
would never think of hurting themselves

or someone else,

can cause us to miss

what’s hidden in plain sight.

And if worst case scenarios
do come to pass,

we’ll have to learn
to forgive ourselves for not knowing

or for not asking the right questions

or not finding the right treatment.

We should always assume

that someone we love may be suffering,

regardless of what they say

or how they act.

We should listen with our whole being,

without judgments,

and without offering solutions.

I know that I will live with this tragedy,

with these multiple tragedies,

for the rest of my life.

I know that in the minds of many,

what I lost can’t compare
to what the other families lost.

I know my struggle
doesn’t make theirs any easier.

I know there are even some who think
I don’t have the right to any pain,

but only to a life of permanent penance.

In the end what I know comes down to this:

the tragic fact is that even
the most vigilant and responsible of us

may not be able to help,

but for love’s sake,

we must never stop trying

to know the unknowable.

Thank you.

(Applause)

我最后一次听到儿子的声音

他在去学校的路上走出前门的时候。

他在黑暗中喊出一个字:

“再见。”

那是 1999 年 4 月 20 日。

那天早上晚些时候,
在哥伦拜恩高中,

我的儿子迪伦和他的朋友埃里克

杀死了 12 名学生和一名老师,

并打伤了 20 多人,
然后自杀。

十三个无辜的人被杀,

他们的亲人
处于悲痛和创伤的状态。

其他人受伤,

一些导致毁容
和永久性残疾。

但悲剧的严重性

不能仅以发生的死伤人数来衡量

无法量化

那些在学校


参与救援或清理工作的人的心理伤害。

没有办法
评估像哥伦拜恩这样的悲剧的严重程度,

尤其是当它可以成为

其他
继续犯下暴行的射手的蓝图时。

哥伦拜恩是一股浪潮

,当坠机事件结束时,社区和社会

需要数年时间

才能理解其影响。

我花了好几年的时间
才试图接受我儿子的遗产。

定义他生命终结的残忍行为

向我表明,他
与我认识的人完全不同。

后来有人问:

“你怎么会不知道?

你是个什么样的妈妈?”

我仍然问自己同样的问题。

在枪击事件发生之前,
我认为自己是一个好妈妈。

帮助我的孩子成为有爱心、

健康、负责任的成年人

是我生命中最重要的角色。

但这场悲剧让我
相信,我作为父母失败了,

而今天让我来到这里的部分原因是这种失败感

除了他的父亲,

我是
最了解和最爱迪伦的一个人。

如果有人能
知道发生了什么,

那应该是我,对吧?

但我不知道。

今天,我在这里分享作为

一个杀人和伤害的人的母亲的体验。

悲剧发生多年后,我一直在
梳理记忆,

试图
找出我作为父母失败的确切原因。

但没有简单的答案。

我不能给你任何解决方案。

我所能做的

就是分享我所学到的。

当我
与枪击案发生前不认识我的人交谈时,

我面临三个挑战。

首先,当我走进这样的房间时,

我永远不知道那里是否有人

因为我儿子的所作所为而感到失落。

我觉得有必要承认
我的家人所造成的痛苦,

他不是来为自己做这件事的。

所以首先,我全心全意地,

如果我的儿子给你带来了痛苦,我很抱歉。

我面临的第二个挑战

是,

当我
把我儿子的死说成是自杀时,我必须请求理解甚至同情。

在他去世前两年,

他在笔记本上的一张纸上写道

,他正在割伤自己。

他说他很痛苦

,想
拿枪来结束自己的生命。

直到他去世几个月后,我才知道这一切。

当我把他的死说成是自杀时,

我并不是要淡化
他在生命尽头所表现出的恶毒。

我试图

了解他的自杀想法是如何

导致谋杀的。

经过大量阅读
和与专家交谈后,

我开始

相信他参与枪击
事件的根源不是他的杀戮欲望,

而是他的死亡欲望。

当我谈论我儿子的谋杀-自杀

时,我面临的第三个挑战是我在谈论心理健康——

对不起

——我在谈论心理健康,

或者我更喜欢称之为大脑健康,
因为它更具体。

同时,
我在谈论暴力。

我想做的最后一件事

加剧围绕精神疾病已经存在的误解。

只有极少数
患有精神疾病的人会对

他人施暴,

但在自杀身亡的人中,

据估计约有 75
% 到 90% 以上的人

患有某种可诊断的
心理健康状况。

众所周知,

我们的精神卫生保健系统
并不能帮助每个人

,也不是每个有破坏性想法的人都

符合特定诊断的标准。

许多持续

感到恐惧、愤怒或绝望的

人从未得到评估或治疗。

很多时候,
他们只有在遇到行为危机时才会引起我们的注意。

如果估计是正确的

,大约 1
% 到 2% 的自杀

涉及谋杀另一个人,那么

当自杀率上升时,
随着某些人群的上升

,谋杀-自杀率
也会上升。

我想
了解迪伦死前的想法,

所以我
从其他自杀身亡的幸存者那里寻找答案。

我进行了研究并
自愿帮助筹款活动,

并且只要有可能,我就会

与那些
在自己的自杀危机

或企图中幸存下来的人交谈。 我与

一位同事进行的最有帮助的
谈话之一

无意中听到

我在办公室隔间里与其他人交谈。

她听到我说
,如果迪伦能

做出
如此可怕的事情,他就不会爱我。

后来,当她发现我一个人时,

她为无意中听到了
那次谈话

而道歉,但告诉我我错了。

她说,当她还是
一个带着三个小孩的年轻单身母亲

时,

她患上了严重的抑郁症
,为了保证她的安全而住进了医院。

当时,她

确信自己死了孩子
会过得更好,

所以她已经制定了结束自己生命的计划。

她向我保证,母爱
是地球上最牢固的纽带

,她爱她的孩子
胜过世界上任何事情,

但由于她的病,

她确信
没有她他们会过得更好。

她所说的以及
我从其他人那里学到的

是,我们不会像在周六晚上

选择开什么车

或去哪里一样,做出所谓的自杀决定或选择。

当某人
处于极度自杀状态时,

他们处于第四阶段的
医疗健康紧急状态。

他们的思维受损,他们
无法使用自治工具。

尽管他们可以
制定计划并按照逻辑行事,但

他们的真实感
被他们解释现实的痛苦过滤器所扭曲

有些人可以非常
擅长隐藏这种状态,

而且他们通常有
充分的理由这样做。

我们中的许多人
在某些时候都有过自杀的念头,

但持续
不断的自杀念头

和设计死亡方法

是病理症状,

并且像许多疾病一样

,必须

在失去生命之前识别和治疗这种情况。

但我儿子的死
并不是纯粹的自杀。

它涉及大规模谋杀。

我想知道他的
自杀想法是如何变成杀人的。

但研究很少
,没有简单的答案。

是的,他可能患有持续的抑郁症。

他有
完美主义和自力更生的个性

,这使他不太
可能寻求他人的帮助。

他在学校经历过
触发事件

,让他感到
自卑、羞辱和疯狂。

他和一个男孩有着复杂的友谊

,这个男孩和他一样
感到愤怒和疏远,

并且受到严重的困扰、

控制和杀人。

除了在他生命中极度脆弱和脆弱的这段时期之外,

即使
我们家中从未拥有过枪支,迪伦也找到了枪支。

一个 17 岁的男孩在

未经我许可或不知情的情况下合法和非法地购买枪支非常容易。

不知何故,17 年
和许多学校枪击事件之后,

它仍然非常容易。

迪伦那天的所作所为让我心碎

,就像创伤经常发生的那样,

它对我的身体和心灵造成了伤害。

枪击案发生两年后,
我得了乳腺癌

,两年后,
我开始出现心理健康问题。

除了持续不断的悲伤之外

,我还害怕

遇到被迪伦杀害的人的家人,

或者被媒体

或愤怒的公民搭讪。

我害怕打开新闻,

害怕听到自己被
称为糟糕的父母或恶心的人。

我开始惊恐发作。

第一场比赛是
在枪击案发生四年后开始的,

当时我正准备
接受证词

,必须
与受害者家属面对面。

第二轮是
在枪击事件发生六年后开始的,

当时我正准备

在一次会议上首次公开谈论谋杀自杀。

这两集都持续了几个星期。

攻击无处不在:

在五金店,在我的办公室,

甚至在床上看书时。

我的头脑会突然
陷入这种旋转的恐怖循环中

,无论我多么努力地试图

让自己平静下来
或想办法摆脱它,

我都做不到。

感觉好像我的
大脑想要杀死我,

然后,害怕被恐惧

吞噬了我所有的想法。

就在那时,我亲身了解了

大脑出现故障是什么感觉,

也就是我真正
成为大脑健康倡导者的时候。

通过治疗、药物治疗和自我保健,

生活最终恢复


在这种情况下可以被认为是正常的状态。

当我
回顾所发生的一切时,

我可以看到我儿子的
功能障碍

可能发生
在大约两年的时间里,有

足够的时间来帮助他,

只要有人
知道他需要帮助

并知道该怎么做 做。

每次有人问我,

“你怎么可能不知道?”,

感觉就像是一记重拳。

它带有指责
并利用我的内疚感

,无论我接受了多少治疗,我都

永远不会完全根除。

但这是我学到的东西:

如果爱

足以阻止有自杀倾向

的人伤害自己,那么

自杀几乎不会发生。

但爱是不够的

,自杀盛行。

它是

10 至 34 岁人群的第二大死亡原因

,15% 的美国青年

报告说在去年制定了自杀计划

我了解到,无论
我们多么想相信我们可以,

我们都无法了解或控制

我们所爱的人的想法和感受,

以及固执地
相信我们在某种程度上是不同的,

我们所爱的
人永远不会想到伤害自己

或 其他人,

可能会使我们

错过隐藏在视线中的东西。

如果最坏的情况
真的发生了,

我们将不得不
学会原谅自己不知道

或没有提出正确的问题

或没有找到正确的治疗方法。

我们应该始终

假设我们所爱的人可能正在受苦,

无论他们说什么

或行为如何。

我们应该全心全意地倾听,

不要评判

,不要提供解决方案。

我知道我将在余生中忍受这场悲剧

,忍受这些多重悲剧

我知道,在很多人的心目中,

我失去的
东西是其他家庭失去的东西无法比拟的。

我知道我的挣扎
并没有让他们变得更容易。

我知道甚至有些人认为
我没有权利承受任何痛苦,

而只能享受永久忏悔的生活。

最后我所知道的归结为

:可悲的事实是,
即使是我们中最警惕和最负责任的人

也可能无法提供帮助,

但为了爱,

我们绝不能停止

尝试了解不可知的事物。

谢谢你。

(掌声)