Environmental Sustainability and the Classical Music Industry

[Applause]

today

i will outline some of the ways in which

the classical music industry can

restructure itself

to become more environmentally

sustainable

some of the attitude shifts that will be

required to make this transition

and ultimately how this change can lead

to a more prosperous

and creatively inspired industry

in a way it’s not surprising that

there’s very little discussion within

the classical music industry regarding

climate change

and the role that we may have to play in

it we are a small industry

and there’s probably a pervading sense

that a change in our actions will do

very little to mitigate

the global climate crisis however

one thing that the covet 19 pandemic has

proven about our society

is that a sense of responsibility for

everyday individual behaviors and

actions can make a big collective

difference

all of us ensuring that we wear masks in

public keep two meters apart

and avoiding social gatherings has

resulted in our health system staying

afloat

through a situation in which it very

possibly could have been overwhelmed

i think that the same thinking needs to

be applied to industries

when it comes to fighting climate change

every industry no matter how small

has to adapt and make fundamental

changes to its ways of business

in order to contribute to the collective

project of saving our planet

within the classical music business

concert presenting organizations have a

crucial role to play

as they are the ones booking artists

paying them for their work

and playing host to audiences while

there are many good practices that

contribute to reducing waste and carbon

emissions in small ways

such as banning single-use plastics at

venues using led lighting

and getting rid of paper tickets and

programs

the single largest contributor to global

carbon emissions in the concert business

is transportation in particular the use

of air transit

just to give you an idea a return flight

from new york

to london england creates 986 kilograms

of carbon dioxide

per passenger that’s the equivalent of

heating a house in a cold climate

or driving a car for a whole year

so if a concert hall adopts all of those

in-house policies relating to energy use

and waste reduction

but still flies many of its performers

in from across an ocean

or even on a short-haul flight it is

still

contributing significantly and harmfully

to carbon pollution

of course if this was an easy problem to

fix we wouldn’t be talking about it

right now

there are many economically and

artistically legitimate reasons for why

concert venues hire artists

that need to travel great distances to

perform there

certain artists names like lang lang

yoyo ma

are sure fire box office hits and their

concerts will sell out

while many venues are still likely to

lose money on those concerts

due to the astronomic fees and expenses

incurred by hiring musicians of that

standing

they undeniably raise the profile of the

organization and add a sense of prestige

to the series

more widely being part of the worldwide

touring

circuit and bringing artists who make

their livings by playing all over the

world

gives any venue or series a feeling of

cosmopolitanism

bringing the best in the world to your

doorstep

having an internationally focused

concert venue has become one of the

hallmarks of a culturally relevant city

however strong these reasons are we we

need to return to the central question

here

is it worth contributing substantially

to the demise of our planet in order

to hear world famous artists play in the

flesh

i would argue probably not

that’s not to say however that people

would be in any way prevented from

hearing world famous artists play

live since the kova 19 crisis began

and public events have been disrupted or

postponed until further notice

live streaming technologies have come to

the fore as a viable way

to produce and consume performance art

not unlike what we’re doing tonight

of course this medium is not perfect yet

and presents many challenges of its own

but at its very best it arguably has the

potential to provide an even more

immersive live concert experience than

attending a concert in person

especially if you’re on any kind of

budget sure

you can pay hundreds of dollars months

in advance to book a ticket

right in the center of the first row to

see let’s say yo-yo ma

play dvorak’s cello concerto you will

see the beads of sweat

falling from his forehead you will hear

him breathe with the music

and you’ll notice the subtle gestural

interactions that he has with the

conductor

of the orchestra in order to make sure

that the music stays together

these things are the gritty essence of

live performance that recordings can’t

provide

and are the reasons that we value live

performances so highly

but if you are somebody who’s not

willing to spend hundreds of dollars

and plan months in advance you will

likely be seated

near the back of the hall where you will

be squinting just to catch a glimpse

of yo-yo ma’s cello probably having to

lean to your left to see around the

rather tall person sitting in front of

you

apart from being able to say i was there

afterwards

you haven’t really had a comparable

experience to the person sitting in the

front row

live streaming has the potential to

completely remove that boundary

and give every viewer the same up close

gritty experience

without the financial discrimination and

requiring very little advanced planning

other technologies are on the way that

will enhance distance consumption even

more

such as steinway’s sphereocast which

essentially allows computerized

acoustic pianos to livestream through

each other

with this technology let’s say langlang

could be playing

a piano recital on a spherio piano in

carnegie hall

which is then live broadcasting to every

other spherio piano in the world

each of these satellite pianos is

acoustically reproducing his performance

in real time i think the industry and

consumers

need to embrace the many technological

possibilities presented

support their development and help the

whole world become more connected and

more cosmopolitan

while also eliminating our unnecessary

carbon footprints but

make no mistake by saying that we should

embrace these technologies that offer

high-end distance to viewing experiences

i’m not at all advocating for the demise

of live performances with in-person

audiences

i’ve played a number of livestream

concerts during this pandemic and even a

set of outdoor in-person concerts in the

summertime

the overwhelming feedback that i’ve had

for my audiences

is that they miss attending regular live

performances and they can’t wait to get

back to doing so

again when it is safe hopefully

one positive takeaway from this pandemic

is that we never again

take for granted the joys of

congregating for shared artistic

experiences

however there’s no reason that

congregating for a live concert or event

needs to generate a substantial and

harmful carbon footprint

if concert presenting organizations take

this to heart and reconsider their

artist booking practices

they can greatly reduce their

environmental impact by presenting

artists who live

locally perhaps the most

egregious aspect of artists traveling

the world

to perform in important concert halls is

that there are typically

many musicians in these destination

cities who can play the same repertoire

to a comparable standard sure there’s an

aspect of celebrity that might be lost

but in terms of the artistic product

hearing an excellent performance of

say rachmaninoff’s third piano concerto

that product can almost

always be sourced locally

if consumers are not happy with the

local product they can then turn to live

streamed concerts

and watch their favorite artist play

from the concert hall in his or her

home city this competitive aspect is

also important

as it provides an incentive for

organizations to ensure

that their in-person products are of the

highest possible quality

i acknowledge that this requires a major

shift in attitude from both concert

presenting organizations

and from consumers however it’s

important to return to the fundamental

question here

is it worth contributing to the demise

of our planet’s ecosystem

in order to see famous musicians play in

the flesh

again i would argue no

aside from the environmental aspect of

this shift towards presenting locally

based artists

there are also economic and artistic

benefits

a good comparable here is the food

industry when you go to a shop

and buy let’s say a bushel of locally

grown apples

you’re not only making a good

environmental choice because the apples

have only been transported from the

orchard to the store

rather than by air from their country of

origin to a central warehouse

and then finally to the store you’re

also putting money back

into your local economy and helping

local producers develop a better product

some of the money from your purchase

will go back to the farmer

who will then be able to invest in his

or her farming infrastructure

and be able to grow a bigger or higher

quality crop in the future

thus improving the product that is

available to you

there’s been a marked shift in the past

few decades towards supporting local

food growers in canada

and the result is a thriving local food

economy that provides sustainable

high quality products to consumers and

creates job opportunities

for farmers if we were to adopt a

similar approach

in the music industry a musician

supported by their many local concert

venues would then be able to reinvest

their earnings

into their local economy be supported

and encouraged to develop better

artistic products

and would be able to contribute to other

aspects of musical life in the region

like teaching outreach programs and

helping startup venues get off the

ground

from a purely financial perspective this

would also mean that concert presenters

could spend less money on travel and

accommodation for artists

and more on actual take-home fees

from the artistic perspective i think

there’s a great amount of value to be

found in performers

building a relationship with a specific

audience over time

rather than constantly performing for

new audiences or performing for an

audience with such infrequency

say once every two or three years that

there’s very little sense of continuity

i like to compare this to dating on a

first date

it’s very easy to appear as a curated

version of yourself

the person doesn’t know anything about

you and all they have to go on is their

first impression

over a series of dates or through the

course of a relationship

it becomes much more difficult to curate

your image you really have to be the

person that you are projecting

and it will become obvious to your

partner if you are hiding something

a musician’s relationship with an

audience is much the same

performing for the same audience

frequently builds a bond between the two

parties

that makes the musician artistically

accountable to his or her listeners

when the sheen of novelty is removed

every concert has to be well thought out

and engaging

or the audience will start to lose

interest

many classical musicians are able to

travel the world playing essentially the

same

sets of pieces for different audiences

for years on end

this approach simply would not hold

water with a local audience

people might want to come and hear the

same program twice but interest would

certainly fade by the third

fourth and fifth times having to

constantly develop artistically and

build new ideas

keeps a musician fresh and it keeps

their audience interested

one of the most frequent discussions in

the classical music industry

is the issue of relevance how is playing

music written by dead white european men

relevant to today’s world if the

industry continues to ask the critical

questions i mentioned at the beginning

with regards to gender and pluralism

if it becomes a leader in environmental

sustainability if it embraces new

technologies

and challenges itself to build a more

accountable artistic product

we will be well on our way to answering

that question

this change needs to start with

organizations and i would like to finish

this talk by challenging all concert

presenters

to turn the dark days of this pandemic

into an opportunity to rethink

and remodel the work that we do so that

when we come out the other side of this

crisis

we are more prepared to play our role in

the future of our planet

than we were before thank you for

listening today

[掌声]

今天

我将概述

古典音乐产业可以通过哪些方式进行

自我重组,

使其变得更加

环保 在某种程度上,创造性地激发了行业

在古典音乐行业中很少讨论

气候变化

以及我们可能必须在其中扮演的角色,

这并不奇怪我们是一个小行业,

并且可能普遍

认为我们的行为发生了变化 对

缓解全球气候危机的作用微乎其微,但是

covet 19 大流行已经

证明了我们社会的一件事

是,对

日常个人行为和

行动的责任感可以使

我们所有人都确保我们戴上口罩

公众保持两米的距离

并避免社交聚会

导致我们的卫生系统

在很

可能不堪

重负的情况下渡过难关 商业

,以便

在古典音乐商业

音乐会中为拯救我们的星球的集体项目做出贡献,演出组织可以

发挥关键作用,

因为他们是预订艺术家

为他们的工作付费

并接待观众的人,同时

有许多良好的做法

有助于减少废物和碳

排放的小方法,

例如在使用 LED 照明的场馆中禁止使用一次性塑料,

并取消纸质门票和

节目

音乐会业务中全球碳排放的最大贡献者

是交通运输,尤其是

使用 航空运输

只是为了让您了解

从纽约

到伦敦的回程航班 唐英格兰

每名乘客产生 986 公斤的二氧化碳,这相当于

在寒冷的气候下为房屋供暖

或驾驶一整年的汽车,

所以如果音乐厅采用所有

与能源使用和减少废物相关的内部政策,

但 它的许多表演者仍然

从大洋彼岸

甚至短途飞行中飞来,它仍然

对碳污染造成重大而有害

的影响当然,如果这是一个容易解决的问题,

我们现在就不会在那里谈论它

为什么

音乐会场地雇用

需要长途跋涉到

那里表演

的艺术家

有许多经济和艺术上的正当理由

这些音乐会的钱是

由于聘请具有地位的音乐家所产生的天文费用和开支,

他们无可否认地提高了音乐家的形象

组织并

为该系列

增加声望感 更广泛地成为全球

巡回巡回赛的一部分,

并让

通过在世界各地演奏来谋生的艺术家

给任何场地或系列带来世界主义的感觉,

将世界上最好的东西带到您

家门口

拥有一个国际化的

音乐会场地已经成为

一个文化相关城市的标志之一,

无论这些理由多么强大,我们

需要回到这里的中心问题

是否值得

为我们星球的消亡做出重大贡献,

以便聆听世界著名艺术家的声音

我会争辩说可能不是

,这并不是说,自从 kova 19 危机开始以来,人们

将以任何方式被阻止

听到世界著名艺术家的

现场表演

,公共活动被中断或

推迟,直到另行通知

直播技术已经

作为一种

生产和消费行为艺术的可行

方式脱颖而出 我们今晚要做

的当然是这种媒介还不完美

,它本身也带来了许多挑战,

但在最好的情况下,它

可以提供比亲自参加音乐会更

身临其境的现场音乐会体验的潜力,

特别是如果你是 在任何

预算下,确保

您可以提前几个月支付数百美元,

第一排的中心预订一张票,

让我们说

马友友演奏德沃夏克的大提琴协奏曲,您会

看到

他额头上的汗珠 你会听到

他随着音乐呼吸

,你会

注意到他与管弦乐队指挥之间微妙的手势互动

,以

确保音乐保持一致,

这些都是

录音无法做到的现场表演的坚韧精髓

提供

并且是我们如此重视现场表演的原因,

但如果您

不愿意花费数百美元

并提前几个月计划,您

可能会出海 泰德

靠近大厅的后面,你

会眯着眼睛

瞥一眼马友友的大提琴

在那

之后,

您还没有真正与坐在前排的人有可比的

体验

直播有可能

完全消除这种界限,

并为每个观众提供同样的

近距离体验,

而不会受到经济歧视,并且

需要很少的提前

计划 技术正在开发中,这

将进一步提高距离消耗,

例如施坦威的 sphereocast,它

基本上允许计算机化的

原声钢琴

通过这种技术相互直播,假设 langlang

可以

在卡内基音乐厅的 spherio 钢琴上演奏钢琴独奏会

,然后现场直播 向

世界上所有其他 spherio 钢琴广播

这些卫星钢琴中的每一个都是有声的

实时再现他的

表演 我认为行业和

消费者

需要接受所呈现的许多技术

可能性,以

支持他们的发展并帮助

整个世界变得更加互联和

更加国际化

,同时消除我们不必要的

碳足迹,

但不要误会说我们 应该

接受这些提供

高端观看体验

距离的技术 -

夏季

的个人音乐会我对观众的压倒性反馈

是,他们错过了参加常规的现场

表演,他们迫不及待地想

在安全的情况下再次参加演出,希望

这次大流行的一个积极收获

是 然而,我们再也不会

认为

聚集在一起分享艺术

经验的乐趣是

理所当然的 r

如果音乐会演出组织牢记

这一点并重新考虑他们的

艺术家预订做法,

他们可以通过展示居住在当地的艺术家来大大减少对

环境的影响

艺术家

环游世界

在重要音乐厅演出的最令人震惊的方面是

这些目的地城市中通常有许多

音乐家可以演奏相同的曲目

以达到相当的标准

艺术产品

聆听

拉赫玛尼诺夫第三钢琴协奏曲的出色表演 如果消费者对

本地产品不满意,产品几乎总是可以在当地采购,

然后他们可以转向现场

直播的音乐会,

在他或 她的

家乡这个竞争的方面我 s

也很重要,

因为它为组织提供了一种激励,

确保他们的现场产品具有

最高质量

这里的问题

是否值得

为我们星球生态系统的消亡做出贡献

,以便再次看到著名的音乐家

在肉体中演奏

我认为

除了这种转向呈现本地艺术家的环境方面之外,

还有经济和艺术

利益。

这里是食品

行业,当你去

商店买一蒲式耳当地

种植的苹果时,

你不仅做出了一个很好的

环保选择,因为

苹果只是从

果园运到商店,

而不是空运 他们的

原产国到一个中央仓库

,然后最后到你

也放的商店 资金

回馈当地经济并帮助

当地生产商开发更好的产品

您购买的部分资金

将返还给农民

,他们将能够投资于他

或她的农业基础设施,

并能够种植更大或更高

质量的产品 未来的作物,

从而改善

可供您使用的产品

在过去的几十年里,加拿大发生了显着转变,

支持当地的

粮食种植者

,结果是蓬勃发展的当地粮食

经济,为消费者提供可持续

的高质量产品并

创造就业机会

如果我们在音乐行业采用

类似的方法

,那么农民将有机会获得

许多当地音乐会

场地的支持,然后他们就能够将

他们的收入再投资

到当地经济中,并得到支持

和鼓励,开发更好的

艺术产品,

并能够

为该地区音乐生活的其他方面做出贡献,

例如教授外展计划和

帮助开始

从纯粹的财务角度来看,场地的开工这

也意味着音乐会主持人

可以在艺术家的旅行和住宿上花费更少的钱,而

从艺术的角度来看更多的实际带回家的费用我认为

有很大的价值

在表演者中发现

随着时间的推移与特定观众建立关系,

而不是不断地为

新观众表演或为一个

如此不频繁的观众表演

说每两三年一次,

几乎没有连续性

我喜欢将此与约会相提并论

第一次约会

很容易显得自己是精心策划

那个人对你一无所知

,他们所要做的就是

对一系列约会或

一段关系过程中的第一印象,

这变得更加困难 要塑造

你的形象,你真的

必须是你所投射的那个人,

如果你 隐瞒某事

音乐家与观众的关系

大体相同

为同一个观众表演

经常在两方之间建立联系

使音乐家在艺术上

对他或她的听众负责

深思熟虑

并吸引

观众,否则观众将开始失去

兴趣

许多古典音乐家能够

环游世界

,为不同的观众

连续多年演奏基本相同的曲目

这种方法根本无法

在当地观众中站稳脚跟,

人们可能想要 来听

同一个节目两次,但兴趣

肯定会在第三

次第四次和第五次消失时必须

不断地在艺术上发展并

建立新的想法

才能让音乐家保持新鲜感并让

他们的听众保持

兴趣古典音乐行业最频繁的讨论之一

是 相关问题如何播放

死白欧洲写的音乐

如果该

行业继续

提出我在开头提到

的关于性别和多元化的关键问题,

如果它能够成为环境可持续性的领导者,

如果它采用新

技术

并挑战自己以建立一个更

负责任的艺术产品,那么

我们将与当今世界相关联 我们将在回答

这个问题的

路上很好 因此,

当我们走出这场危机的另一端时

,我们比以前更愿意在地球的未来中发挥我们的作用,

感谢您

今天的聆听