Whats needed to bring the US voting system into the 21st century Tiana EppsJohnson

OK, I want to take a moment
to let each of you think to yourselves

about the last time
you sent or received a fax.

(Laughter)

Well, for me, it was this morning,

because one piece of my work

is making sure that everyone in the US
has the information that they need

to make decisions
about the candidates on their ballot.

And collecting that information

from the local government offices
responsible for maintaining it

means sending and receiving
a lot of faxes.

Voting is one of our most
fundamental rights.

It’s one of the most tangible ways

that each and every one of us
can shape our communities.

And as we enter this fourth
industrial revolution,

where technology is changing
everything around us,

you would think, with something
as important as the right to vote,

that we would have
the most modern, secure,

inclusive system that could exist …

But we don’t.

When we look at comparable democracies,

the US has one of the lowest
voter turnout rates in the world.

We have a system where even
the most persistent voters

come up against exhausting barriers.

A system where 20th-century technology –

like fax machines –

and outdated practices stand in the way
of full, vibrant participation.

In US presidential elections,
turnout hovers around 60 percent.

The numbers are even lower
for local elections.

That means that nearly 40 percent
of Americans aren’t voters.

That’s nearly 100 million people.

I believe in something
very straightforward:

that everyone should have the information
that they need to become a voter,

that the voting process
should be seamless and secure

and that every voter
should have information they trust

to make decisions
about the candidates on their ballot.

Because when more people vote,

together, we make better decisions
for our communities.

So I’ve spent the last
eight years on a mission

to push our democracy
into the 21st century.

Now, one of the most common approaches
to election modernization

is advocating for policy change,

and that’s an incredibly important
piece of the strategy

for building a system where millions
of more people become voters.

But I’ve taken a different approach.

I focused on a critical
yet largely untapped resource

for election modernization:

local election officials.

I work with thousands of local
election officials across the country

to build tools and skills
that they can use immediately

to transform the way
that they’re engaging today’s voters.

Folks like Kat and Marie.

Kat and Marie have worked together
for years in a windowless office

in the basement of the Mercer County
Courthouse in West Virginia.

Together, they have
a tremendous responsibility.

They’re local election officials serving
Mercer County’s 40,000 registered voters.

Local election officials
are the public servants

that do the day-to-day work
that makes our election system function.

When you fill out
a voter-registration form,

they’re the folks that process them
and add you to the rolls.

They’re the folks who buy the technology
that we use to cast and count ballots.

They recruit and train the volunteers
at your local polling place.

And they’re the official
nonpartisan source

for informing people
in their communities about how to vote.

And unlike other countries

where there’s some form
of centralized election authority,

in the US,

there are 7,897 different county
and municipal offices,

like Kat and Marie’s,

that each have an independent role
in administering elections.

Yes, that’s nearly 8,000
slightly different ways

that you might experience voting
based on where you happen to live.

When I was talking with Kat and Marie,

like so many election officials
that I talk with in rural towns

and in major cities alike,

they were deeply proud of getting
to help people in their communities,

but they were also worried.

All of the new tools that people
were using to get information –

the internet, social media –

they were difficult to figure out
how to use effectively.

And they felt like they weren’t fully
meeting the needs of Mercer County voters.

One thing that they really wished
that they had was a website

so they could create a hub

with information about
how to register in upcoming elections,

and a place to put election results.

See, at the time,
when voters had questions,

they had to either call
or visit their office,

which meant that Kat and Marie
were inevitably answering

the same questions over and over again,

which is both a superinefficient
use of their time,

but also created totally unnecessary
barriers for voters

when that information
could just live online.

And Mercer County wasn’t alone.

At the time, they were one
of 966 counties in the US

that had no voting information online.

I’ll let that sink in.

They were one of the nearly one-third
of counties in the US

that had no place online

to find official information
about how to vote.

To Kat and Marie, not having
and election website was unacceptable,

but they didn’t have very many options.

They didn’t have the budget
to hire a web developer,

they didn’t have the expertise
to build a site themselves,

so they went without.

And 40,000 voters
in Mercer County went without.

We’re in a moment where we have
an unprecedented opportunity

to transform civic engagement.

Technology is revolutionizing
science and industry.

It’s already transformed
how we connect with one another

and understand the world around us,

but our democratic institutions –

they’re being left behind.

The US is one of the few
major democracies in the world

that puts the onus of voter registration
on the individual voter,

rather than the government.

The rules that govern how to vote
vary from state to state,

and sometimes even county to county.

And we have ballots
that are pages and pages long.

This November, on my ballot,

there are literally over
100 different people and referenda

for me to make decisions about.

We have to be using
the best tools we can bring to bear

to help voters navigate this complexity,

and right now, we’re not.

One of the most common narratives
I hear in my work

is that people aren’t civically engaged
because they’re apathetic –

because they don’t care.

But as my brilliant friends
at the Center for Civic Design say,

if there is apathy,

it comes from the system,

not the voter.

We can change the system right now

by connecting local election officials
like Kat and Marie

with 21st-century tools

and the training that they need
to use them to better serve voters.

Tools and training to do things like
use social media for voter engagement,

or use data to staff
and equip polling places

so that we don’t see
hours-long lines at the polls,

or training on cybersecurity
best practices

so that we can ensure
that our voting systems are secure.

When we invest in this approach,

we see meaningful, lasting results.

Kat and Marie are online now.

Inspired by their experience,
we built a website template

using research-based
best practices in civic design,

and developed the training

so that Kat and Marie are able
to maintain their site themselves.

In less than a week,

they went from having never seen
the back end of a website

to building a resource
for Mercer County voters

that they have been independently
keeping up to date since 2014.

Today, the 40,000 voters in Mercer County

and over 100,000 voters
in counties across the country

have everything that they need
to become a voter

directly from their local
election official,

on a mobile-friendly,
easy-to-use, accessible website.

And we can even further scale the impact

when local election officials
are not only reaching out

through their own channels,

but they’re extending their reach
by working in partnership with others.

Efforts like the Ballot
Information Project

and the Voting Information Project
work with election officials nationwide

to create a centralized, standard database
of key voting information,

like what’s on your ballot
and where to vote.

That information powers tools built
by companies like Google and Facebook

to get information in the places
where people already are,

like their newsfeed and search.

In 2016, the Ballot Information Project

connected the public with information
about candidates and referenda

over 200 millions times,

helping between a third and a half
of every single person who cast a ballot.

And that model has been replicated
for elections around the world.

When we look at efforts
in other areas of government,

we can see the opportunity
when we listen to the public’s needs

and we meet them with modern tools.

I think about my friends at mRelief,

who have helped 260,000 families

unlock 42 million dollars in food benefits

by helping government agencies
transition away

from a 20-page, paper-based
application for food stamps

to a process that can happen
in 10 questions over text message

in fewer than three minutes.

That kind of transformation
is possible in voting.

It’s happening right now,

but there’s still so much work to do.

Now, if you have any technical
bone in your body,

I know what you’re thinking.

This is all solvable.

The technology that we need exists.

We collectively have the expertise.

You might even be thinking
about volunteering

at your local election office.

I love how solutions-oriented you are,

but to be clear,

the work that is needed
to modernize our election system

isn’t something that’s going to happen
using 20 percent time,

or through a hackathon,

or by doing a one-off technology project.

What we need is significant,
sustained, long-term investment.

Investment in technology

and investment in the skills
of local election officials

to run 21st-century elections,

because if we don’t
invest in the long game,

we risk finding ourselves
perpetually behind.

So if you’re ready to help millions,

if you’re ready to close the gap
between the system that we have

and the system that we deserve,

we need you.

Organizations that are doing
this work year-round need you.

Local election offices need you.

Come join us.

Thank you.

(Applause)

好的,我想
花点时间让你们每个人想想你们


一次发送或接收传真是什么时候。

(笑声)

嗯,对我来说,就是今天早上,

因为我的一项工作

是确保美国的每个人都
拥有他们需要的信息,以便他们就

选票上的候选人做出决定。

从负责维护这些信息

的当地政府办公室收集这些信息

意味着发送和
接收大量传真。

投票是我们
最基本的权利之一。

是我们每个人都
可以塑造我们的社区的最切实的方式之一。

当我们进入第四次
工业革命时

,技术正在改变
我们周围的一切,

你会认为,有了
投票权这样重要的东西

,我们将拥有可能存在
的最现代、最安全、最具

包容性的系统……

但是 我们没有。

当我们审视可比较的民主国家时

,美国
是世界上投票率最低的国家之一。

我们有一个系统,即使
是最顽固的选民也会

遇到令人筋疲力尽的障碍。

一个系统,其中 20 世纪的技术(

如传真机)

和过时的做法阻碍
了全面、充满活力的参与。

在美国总统选举中,
投票率徘徊在 60% 左右。 地方选举

的数字甚至
更低。

这意味着近 40%
的美国人不是选民。

那是将近一亿人。

我相信一些
非常简单的事情

:每个人都应该拥有
成为选民所需的信息

,投票过程
应该是无缝和安全

的,每个选民
都应该拥有他们信任的信息

,以便
对选票上的候选人做出决定。

因为当更多的人

一起投票时,我们会
为我们的社区做出更好的决定。

因此,我在过去
八年中一直

致力于将我们的民主
推向 21 世纪。

现在,选举现代化最常见的方法之一

是倡导政策变革

,这是

建立一个让
数百万人成为选民的系统的战略中极其重要的一部分。

但我采取了不同的方法。

我专注于选举现代化的一个关键
但很大程度上尚未开发的资源

地方选举官员。

我与全国数千名地方
选举官员合作

,开发他们可以立即使用的工具和技能,


改变他们吸引当今选民的方式。

像凯特和玛丽这样的人。

凯特和玛丽多年来一直在西弗吉尼亚州默瑟县法院地下室
的一间没有窗户的办公室里一起工作

他们共同
肩负着巨大的责任。

他们是为
默瑟县 40,000 名登记选民服务的地方选举官员。

地方选举官员

从事
使我们的选举系统发挥作用的日常工作的公务员。

当您
填写选民登记表时,

他们就是处理它们
并将您添加到名册的人。

他们是购买
我们用来投票和计票的技术的人。

他们
在您当地的投票站招募和培训志愿者。

他们是官方的
无党派消息来源,

用于告知
社区中的人们如何投票。

其他有某种形式
的集中选举权力的国家不同,

在美国,

有 7,897 个不同的县
和市政府办公室,

例如 Kat 和 Marie 的办公室

,每个都
在管理选举中发挥独立作用。

是的,

根据您的居住地,您可能会遇到近 8,000 种略有不同的投票方式。

当我与 Kat 和 Marie 交谈时,

就像
我在农村城镇

和主要城市中与之交谈的许多选举官员一样,

他们为
能够帮助社区中的人们而深感自豪,

但他们也很担心。

人们用来获取信息的所有新工具

——互联网、社交媒体——

都很难弄清楚
如何有效地使用。

他们觉得他们没有完全
满足默瑟县选民的需求。

他们真正
希望他们拥有的一件事是一个网站,

这样他们就可以创建一个中心,

其中包含有关
如何在即将到来的选举中注册的信息,

以及一个放置选举结果的地方。

当时参见
选民有疑问,

他们不得不打电话
或访问他们的办公室,

这意味着Kat和
Marie不可避免地

一遍又一遍地回答同样的问题,

这既是
对其时间的超级利用

当这些信息
可以在线显示时,为选民创造了完全不必要的障碍。

默瑟县并不孤单。

当时,它们
是美国 966

个没有在线投票信息的县之一。

我会承认这一点的。

他们是美国近三分之一的县之一,这些

在网上找不到

有关如何投票的官方信息的地方。

对 Kat 和 Marie 来说,
没有选举网站是不可接受的,

但他们没有太多选择。

他们没有
聘请网络开发人员的预算,

也没有
自己建立网站的专业知识,

所以他们没有。

默瑟县的 40,000 名选民没有投票。

我们正处于
一个前所未有的机会

来改变公民参与的时刻。

技术正在彻底改变
科学和工业。

它已经改变
了我们相互联系

和了解我们周围世界的方式,

但我们的民主制度——

它们被抛在了后面。

美国是世界上少数几个

将选民登记的责任
放在选民个人

而不是政府身上的主要民主国家之一。

管理如何投票的规则
因州而异,

有时甚至因县而异。

我们的
选票一页又一页。

今年 11 月,在我的选票上,

实际上有
100 多个不同的人和公投

让我做出决定。

我们必须使用
我们能承受的最好的工具

来帮助选民驾驭这种复杂性,

而现在,我们不是。

我在工作中听到的最常见的叙述之一

是人们没有参与公民活动,
因为他们冷漠——

因为他们不在乎。

但正如我
在公民设计中心的杰出朋友所说,

如果有冷漠,

它来自系统,

而不是选民。

我们现在可以

通过将
像 Kat 和 Marie 这样的地方选举官员

与 21 世纪的工具

和他们
需要使用这些工具更好地为选民服务的培训联系起来来改变这个系统。

工具和培训来做一些事情,比如
使用社交媒体来吸引选民,

或者使用数据来
配备和装备投票站,

这样我们就不会在投票站看到
长达数小时的队伍,

或者培训网络安全
最佳实践,

这样我们就可以
确保 我们的投票系统是安全的。

当我们投资于这种方法时,

我们会看到有意义的、持久的结果。

凯特和玛丽现在在线。

受他们经验的启发,
我们

使用基于研究的
城市设计最佳实践构建了一个网站模板,

并开发了培训,

以便 Kat 和 Marie 能够
自己维护他们的网站。

在不到一周的时间里,

他们从从未
见过网站后端变成

为默瑟县选民

构建资源,自 2014 年以来他们一直独立更新。

今天,默瑟县的 40,000 名选民

和超过 100,000 名选民
在全国各地的县

,他们
可以

直接从当地
选举官员那里获得成为选民所需的一切,

在一个移动友好、
易于使用、可访问的网站上。

当地方选举
官员不仅

通过自己的渠道

伸出援手,而且
通过与他人合作扩大影响力时,我们甚至可以进一步扩大影响。

选票
信息项目

和投票信息项目等
努力与全国选举官员合作

,创建一个集中的、标准
的关键投票信息数据库,

例如选票上的内容
和投票地点。

这些信息为
谷歌和 Facebook 等公司构建的工具提供了动力

,可以
在人们已经存在的地方获取信息,

比如他们的新闻源和搜索。

2016 年,选票信息项目

将公众与
候选人和公投的信息联系起来

超过 2 亿次,

帮助了三分之一到一半
的投票人。

这种模式已被复制
到世界各地的选举中。

当我们审视
政府其他领域的努力

时,当我们倾听公众的需求

并用现代工具满足他们时,我们可以看到机会。

我想起了我在 mRelief 的朋友们,

他们

帮助政府机构

从 20 页纸质
食品券申请

过渡到可以
通过文本提出 10 个问题的过程,从而帮助 260,000 个家庭获得了 4200 万美元的食品福利

不到三分钟的消息。

这种转变
在投票中是可能的。

它现在正在发生,

但还有很多工作要做。

现在,如果你有任何技术
骨子里,

我知道你在想什么。

这都是可以解决的。

我们需要的技术是存在的。

我们共同拥有专业知识。

您甚至可能正在考虑

在当地选举办公室做志愿者。

我喜欢你以解决方案为导向的方式,

但要明确

的是
,使我们的选举系统现代化

所需的工作不是
用 20% 的时间、

通过黑客马拉松

或一次性技术来完成的 项目。

我们需要的是大量的、
持续的、长期的投资。

投资于技术

和投资于
地方选举官员的技能

以进行 21 世纪的选举,

因为如果我们不
投资于长期的比赛,

我们就有可能发现自己
永远落后。

因此,如果您准备好帮助数百万人,

如果您准备缩小
我们

拥有的系统与我们应得的系统之间的差距,

我们需要您。

全年开展这项工作的组织需要您。

地方选举办公室需要你。

来加入我们。

谢谢你。

(掌声)